Dr. Guan Kang Kang You from the Department of Nuclear Medicine talks about thyroid gland.

1. What is pepsinogen?

Pepsinogen (PG) is the precursor of pepsin. According to its biochemical properties and immunogenicity, it can be divided into two subgroups. The immunogenicity of 1~5 components is the same, and it is called Pepsinogen I (PG I), which is mainly secreted by the main cells of gastric fundus gland and mucus neck cells. Components 6 and 7 are called pepsinogen Ⅱ(PGⅡ), which can be secreted by the main cells and mucus neck cells of gastric fundus gland, and also produced by mucus neck cells of pyloric gland of cardiac gland and gastric antrum and upper duodenum.

Usually, about 1% PG enters the blood circulation through the capillary of gastric mucosa, and the PG entering the blood circulation is very stable in the blood. Serum PG ⅰ and PG ⅱ reflect the number of glands and cells in gastric mucosa, and indirectly reflect the secretory function of different parts of gastric mucosa. When pathological changes occur in gastric mucosa, the content of serum PG also changes. Therefore, monitoring the concentration of PG in serum can be used as a means to monitor the status of gastric mucosa.

Detection of pepsinogen (PG), an early warning indicator of gastric cancer

1. Chronic atrophic gastritis is an important "transitional event" in gastric mucosa canceration.

Gastric cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in China, and its mortality ranks first among all kinds of malignant tumors. Its early diagnosis and early treatment have become the only way to improve the quality of life of patients and reduce the mortality. At present, the main methods for diagnosing gastric cancer are fiberoptic gastroscopy and upper gastrointestinal radiography, among which gastroscopy is called the "gold standard" for diagnosing gastric cancer.

At present, it is believed that partial atrophy can be reversed, and once it enters intestinal metaplasia, it is difficult to reverse it. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a tool that can keenly detect the atrophy of gastric mucosa. At this time, the detection of pepsinogen plays a powerful role.

When the gastric fundus gland atrophied, the number of main cells decreased and the level of PG ⅰ decreased. However, because there are more cells secreting PG ⅱ, PG ⅱ can still maintain a high level at this time, and the ratio of PG ⅰ to PG ⅱ decreased significantly. When atrophic gastritis is accompanied by intestinal metaplasia and gastric antrum gland extends to the stomach body, and pseudopyloric metaplasia of gastric fundus gland occurs, the level of PG ⅱ increases more, and the ratio of PG ⅰ to PG ⅱ decreases further. Therefore, the decrease of PG ⅰ level is a reliable sign of gastric fundus gland mucosa atrophy, and PG ⅰ/PG ⅱ profile reflects the degree of gastric fundus gland mucosa atrophy.

2. Helicobacter pylori infection is the initiating factor for the development of gastric cancer.

The occurrence of gastric cancer is the result of multiple factors. The multi-step hypothesis of gastric cancer, that is, from chronic non-atrophic gastritis (formerly known as chronic superficial gastritis) → atrophic gastritis → intestinal metaplasia → intraepithelial neoplasia (formerly known as dysplasia) → gastric cancer, has been generally accepted. Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection has become the most important initiating factor, and Hp infection has been recognized as an independent risk factor for gastric cancer.

Therefore, active detection of Hp has become one of the important measures to prevent and treat gastric cancer. Hp detection is mainly divided into invasive and non-invasive methods. For Hp-positive infected people, the major guidelines have reached a consensus that Hp infection-related gastritis is an infectious disease and it is recommended to eradicate it.

Hp infection can also significantly affect the serum PG level. At the beginning, PG ⅰ and PG ⅱ both increased, and the increase of PG ⅱ was faster, then PG ⅰ/PG ⅱ decreased, and the larger the Hp infection focus, the greater the decrease of PG ⅰ/PG ⅱ. However, the results of pepsinogen test are lack of specificity, and special Hp test is still needed to judge whether Hp is infected or not.

Third, pepsinogen Ⅰ(PGⅠ),

The results of pepsinogen Ⅱ(PGⅡ) were analyzed as follows:

Four, "pepsinogen" test results misunderstanding:

Myth # 1: If only PG ⅰ is measured during physical examination, nearly 70% of the results are in the range of 40~70ng/mL, which seems to be lower than 70ng/mL on the surface, and gastric atrophy is suspected, but the results are difficult to explain because PG ⅱ and ratio are not measured. When PGⅡ is retested, the ratio of more than 90% is greater than 3. This kind of situation is due to the high incidence of chronic superficial gastritis in China population, which belongs to normal physiological gastric acid secretion insufficiency.

Myth 2: PG-positive means "stomach cancer theory": positive means people at high risk of stomach cancer. PG project is a simple screening project for gastric cancer in the early stage of physical examination, replacing X-ray and ultrasonic screening for gastric cancer. The main significance lies not in diagnosis but in early detection and prevention. Normal people are 15%PG positive, and those with PG positive have a high risk of developing gastric cancer, and the early detection rate of gastric cancer is 1%~2%.

Myth # 3: Pay attention to the change of reference range values of PG ⅰ and PG ⅱ, but not the ratio. Because the secretion of PG ⅰ in gastric mucosa changes greatly (above 70~800ng/mL) under the attack of inflammation, the secretion of PG ⅱ is relatively constant. When comparative value > 3, the degree of PG ⅰ increase can only be combined with clinical analysis to determine the type of gastric diseases. When comparative value < 3, it is suggested that further in-depth endoscopy or pathological sampling should be taken to confirm and warn the high risk of early gastric cancer, and follow-up monitoring should be carried out in the last five years. The incidence of gastric cancer was 2% in PG-positive patients who had no gastric cancer in the same year and in the following five years.

Five, Japan’s experience for reference ("ABC" method+endoscopic screening)

Our neighbor Japan, as a country with high incidence of gastric cancer, has done a very good job in early cancer screening. Their screening strategy for early cancer firmly grasps the two controllable factors of Hp infection and whether gastric fundus gland atrophy occurs.

The Kyoto Consensus of Japan made the following recommendations for the national early cancer screening strategy: first, for Hp infection, the Kyoto Consensus emphasized "shoot to kill", and after everyone sterilized and eradicated Hp, PG was evaluated. The ratio of PG ⅰ/PG ⅱ is ≤3.0, which is regarded as the critical diagnostic value of atrophic gastritis, and as the screening standard of high-risk population of gastric cancer.

Vi. A Long Way to Go-Strategies for Early Cancer Screening in China;

China has a large population base and the incidence of gastric cancer remains high, so it is imperative to find a simple, accurate and effective screening method for gastric cancer. In 2017, the China Consensus on Chronic Gastritis highly affirmed the value of PG, and the guidelines gave the following recommendations: The detection of serum pepsinogen (PG) ⅰ and ⅱ and gastrin -17 may help to judge whether there is gastric mucosal atrophy and its degree. Detection of serum PG ⅰ, PG ⅱ, PG ⅰ/PG ⅱ ratio combined with anti-Hp antibody is helpful for risk stratification management.

The Expert Consensus on Early Gastric Cancer Screening Process in China, published at the end of 2017, not only affirmed the value of serum PG, but also put forward a new gastric cancer screening scoring system, in which the elderly, male, Hp antibody positive, low pepsinogen ratio (PGR) and high serum 17(gastrin-17 (G-17) level are high risk factors for gastric cancer.

Among them, G-17 is a new item in China Guide. G-17 is an amidated gastrin synthesized and secreted by G cells in gastric antrum. Its main physiological function is to stimulate gastric acid secretion and promote the proliferation and differentiation of gastric mucosal cells. G-17 is one of the sensitive indexes to reflect the endocrine function of gastric antrum, which can indicate the atrophy of gastric antrum mucosa or whether there is abnormal proliferation. G-17 itself can also promote the occurrence and development of gastric cancer. When the serum G-17 level rises, it may indicate the risk of gastric cancer.

In addition, different from the Kyoto consensus, the consensus in China put forward the critical value of serological detection for the first time, that is, when PGR<3.89 and G-17> 1.50pmol/L, the risk of gastric cancer increased significantly. The critical value of PGR defined by Kyoto Consensus is ≤3.

According to the score, the guide divides the population into three groups: low risk, medium risk and high risk, and gives the screening strategy.

At the same time, however, we should also see the shortcomings of the China guidelines. The screening population is over 40 years old, and there are other risk factors such as high incidence area of gastric cancer, Hp infection, previous precancerous diseases of gastric cancer, first-degree relatives of gastric cancer patients, diet and so on. However, at present, the onset age of gastric cancer is getting earlier and earlier, and I believe it will definitely enter prospecting stage in the future.

To sum up, serum PG combined with Hp detection is helpful to evaluate the risk of gastric cancer, and can be used as a routine screening method for gastric cancer for ordinary people. However, it cannot replace gastroscopy, and gastroscopy is still strongly recommended for high-risk groups.

Original title: Clinical Significance of Detection of Pepsinogen (PG)

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　　Cctv newsOn January 19th, the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council held a press conference on epidemic prevention and control during the Spring Festival.

　　At the meeting, a reporter asked whether people who have not yet been infected with Covid-19 can safely return home for the New Year. What are the suggestions on protection? Do people who have recently been infected with Covid-19 still need protection when traveling?

　　Chang Zhaorui, a researcher at the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of China, said that people are generally susceptible to Covid-19. Some people who have not been infected do not rule out the influence of travel fatigue and frequent contacts during the Spring Festival, and the risk of infection will increase. It is suggested that relevant personnel should continue to do personal protection, keep regular work and rest, eat reasonably, exercise moderately, disinfect well and wear masks. The public who have been infected with Covid-19 should continue to do personal protection to prevent infection of other respiratory infectious diseases, including influenza.

Ashton Kutcher, the American movie star who plays Jobs, has just joined Lenovo Group. According to the USA-Today website, Kucher signed a cooperation agreement with Lenovo on the evening of 29th local time to serve as Lenovo’s product engineer and spokesperson.

Lenovo held a new product launch conference in Los Angeles at 7 o’clock that night, and launched the world’s first "legged" tablet computer &mdash; &mdash; Yoga tablet. The conference was broadcast live on Youtube for global users to watch. At the press conference, Kucher held a Yoga tablet computer, just like the way Jobs introduced Apple’s new products. After the conference, Kucher will meet Lenovo engineers and executives in China in the future.

Kucher introduces Lenovo Yoga tablet computer.

Kucher said at the press conference that modern people often encounter two situations in their daily lives: lying in bed and using a tablet computer is easy to slip into their face because of their hands; The battery of a tablet or smart phone is useless, so everyone has to bring a brick-like mobile power supply. These two common details made the audience laugh, which is indeed an experience that many people have had. The new products launched by Lenovo just solved these two problems: the small bracket liberated people’s hands; The battery life that can work continuously for 18 hours on a single charge can help people reduce the weight of their backpacks. In addition, you can also charge your smartphone with a tablet computer, and the USB interface on the tablet computer can easily achieve this.

Lenovo’s new tablet has 8-inch and 10-inch versions, and the price is $249 and $299 respectively. These two products will be available from October 30, just in time to "play against Taiwan" with the Apple tablet iPad Air, which was officially released on November 1. However, Lenovo’s products are much cheaper than Apple’s iPad Air, and the lowest price of the new generation iPad is $499.

Kucher, 35, graduated from the University of Iowa in the United States, majoring in biochemical engineering (but didn’t graduate). She was once kicked out of her dormitory because she was too noisy and crazy. However, he is now Walden Schmidt, the hero of the popular comedy Two and a Half Heroes, which was launched by CBS in the United States, and also a famous angel investor in Silicon Valley. In addition to Skype, Kucher’s investment also includes Foursquare, Flipboard and Path.

Kucher at the new product launch is very much like Jobs.

Kucher has also cooperated with Google and Apple. When talking about why he joined Lenovo, Kucher said, "Lenovo’s hardware is very, very good. I want to make their products as consumer-friendly as possible. " Kucher will make suggestions on the design and software of Yoga tablet.

USA-Today said that this cooperation is a prepared risk for both sides. And Kucher said that this is precisely the reason why he joined Lenovo. "If you look back on my career, you will find that I have always liked adventure &mdash; &mdash; Lenovo, too, "Kucher said.

Phoenix. com said that some fruit fans commented that Kucher had joined Lenovo: He should know more about Apple culture after playing Jobs, and now it’s a bit disappointing to advertise Lenovo for money. It seems that he is not a real fruit fan. Since he is not a fruit fan, no wonder he can’t play Jobs well.

Lenovo and Kucher did not disclose the salary of this cooperation.

Stills of the movie Jobs

　　⑤ Five provinces and regions in Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Hubei, Tibet and Jiangxi were added to "Advertising Precision Poverty Alleviation"

　　Eight projects, including domestic aircraft carriers and manned spaceflight, were included in the "Public Welfare Communication of National Major Projects"

　　On October 26th, the "Signing Ceremony of Advertising Precision Poverty Alleviation and Public Welfare Communication Project of National Major Projects" was held in Beijing. Front-line poverty alleviation cadres and farmers’ representatives from the area covered by "CCTV National Brand Plan-Advertising Precision Poverty Alleviation" and relevant persons in charge of the selected project of "CCTV National Brand Plan-Public Welfare Communication of National Major Projects" attended.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has repeatedly made important instructions on precision poverty alleviation and scientific and technological innovation. As the ideological center of the Party and the national radio and television station, the Central Radio and Television General Station adheres to the social responsibility and responsibility of the national media. "Advertising Precision Poverty Alleviation" and "Public Welfare Communication of National Major Projects" are the concrete measures taken by the General Station to implement the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on precision poverty alleviation and scientific and technological innovation, the concrete practice that the Central Radio and Television General Station insists on putting social benefits first, and the successful exploration of serving the country with public welfare communication.

　　Shen Haixiong, Vice Minister of Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China and Director of the Central Radio and Television General Station, said that the General Station will thoroughly implement the spirit of the congratulatory letter from the Supreme Leader General Secretary to the 60th anniversary of the founding of CCTV and the birth of the new China TV industry, and implement the guiding spirit of "advertising should also be oriented" with integrity and innovation, and further improve the projects of "advertising precision poverty alleviation" and "public welfare communication of major national projects". The "Advertising Precision Poverty Alleviation" project will focus on precision, ensure the accuracy of poverty alleviation targets, advertising content and audiences, and take out more advertising poverty alleviation resources, and make unremitting efforts for a long time to help the rural poor achieve poverty alleviation under the current standards in China in 2020 and win the tough battle of poverty alleviation as scheduled. The "Public Welfare Communication of National Major Projects" project will highlight the public welfare, focus on the front-line staff who have silently contributed to major national projects, dig deep into the story and shock of major national scientific and technological achievements and major national strategic projects, show their images and gather people’s hearts.

Signing of "Advertising Precision Poverty Alleviation" Project

　　At the signing ceremony, Zhang Ning, deputy editor-in-chief of CCTV, announced the new signing lists of "CCTV National Brand Plan-Advertising Precision Poverty Alleviation" and "CCTV National Brand Plan-Public Welfare Communication of National Major Projects": With reference to the list of counties in contiguous poverty-stricken areas published by the State Council Poverty Alleviation Office, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Gansu Province, Hubei Province, Xizang Autonomous Region Province and Jiangxi Province were determined as new cooperative provinces for the "CCTV National Brand Plan-Advertising Precision Poverty Alleviation" project; Under the joint planning with more than 20 units including the National Development and Reform Commission, the General Armament Department and the Aerospace Science and Technology Group, China spallation neutron source project, high-speed rail Fuxing, Hualong No.1, UHV transmission project, domestic cargo large aircraft project (Yun -20), domestic aircraft carrier project, manned space flight project and China hydropower technology upgrading project were determined as "CCTV national brand plan-national major project public welfare communication". Ren Xuean, director of the advertising management center of CCTV, signed an on-site contract with the newly added provinces, autonomous regions and project leaders.

Signing of "Public Welfare Communication of National Major Projects"

　　Since the implementation of "CCTV National Brand Plan-Advertising Precision Poverty Alleviation" project, it has benefited 457,700 poor farmers and more than 1.7 million people in 8 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), and more than 50 kinds of agricultural and sideline products will be introduced free of charge in 2018. After the addition of five contracted provinces, the number of cooperative provinces will reach 13. In 2019, it is estimated that more than 70 kinds of agricultural and sideline products will be broadcast free of charge. The "Public Welfare Communication of National Major Projects" project focuses on publicizing and popularizing the major achievements and latest achievements in key areas in China, and shaping the brand image of communication for big countries. With the key breakthroughs of China’s science and technology in various major fields, 11 public service advertisements such as Beidou navigation, artificial intelligence, space engine, Beijing time, national gene bank, manned space flight, deep-sea exploration, large transport aircraft, quantum communication and high-speed rail Fuxing have been broadcast one after another. By October 24, 2018, it had been broadcast 32,309 times, with a total of 28,133 minutes and 469 hours, which encouraged the researchers who fought in the front line and effectively demonstrated China’s independent innovation ability and ambition to strive for first-class.

　　Yan Xiaoming, deputy director of the Central Radio and Television General Station; Bai Yugang, member of the Standing Committee of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Party Committee and Minister of Propaganda Department; Chen Qing, member of the Standing Committee of Gansu Provincial Committee and Minister of Propaganda Department; Li Lecheng, member of the Standing Committee of Hubei Provincial Committee; Jiare Lausanne Tenzin, vice chairman of Xizang Autonomous Region Municipal Government; Shi Xiaolin, member of the Standing Committee of Jiangxi Provincial Committee and Minister of Propaganda Department; Lin Shanqing, deputy director of the National Energy Administration; Lin Chuxue, deputy general manager of China Three Gorges Corporation; and Guo Zhuxue, deputy general manager of China Railway Corporation. Li Qingtang, deputy general manager of China National Nuclear Corporation, Tan Jiansheng, deputy general manager of China General Nuclear Power Corporation, Li Bin, vice president of the Sixth Academy of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, Xia Qingfeng, director of the Propaganda Bureau of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council, Wei Dichun, deputy director of CCTV, and Hu Bangsheng, deputy director of China Radio International attended the event.

　　On June 29th this year, the Central Radio and Television General Station announced three new measures to help the poor: First, continue to expand the coverage of poverty alleviation, and add more than four provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) from July this year to the end of June next year; Second, in addition to public service advertisements, in 2018, the relevant channels, frequencies and new media of the main station will launch "precise poverty alleviation" topics and columns; Third, based on the investment of 1.0414 billion advertising resources in the past two years, from July 2018 to the end of June 2019, the General Office will allocate more than 1 billion advertising resources to help the poor in the new poverty alleviation year. In just three months, eight channels of CCTV have promoted 15 agricultural special products in eight provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) such as Guizhou at a high frequency of 20 times a day, with a total broadcast time of 9522 times, with a total broadcast time of 3163 minutes and a screen resource value of 350 million yuan; China national radio and China Radio International also promoted them simultaneously, and the value of advertising resources invested reached more than 10 million yuan each.

　　Doubled investment in advertising resources has accelerated product sales, raised transaction prices and directly driven farmers to increase their income and become rich. Li Chunkui, secretary of the Wushan County Party Committee, who came to attend the signing ceremony, said in an interview that Wushan Cuili became famous all over the country after entering CCTV, and became a very sought-after golden fruit. People all over the country rushed to buy it, and people in Wushan scrambled to plant it. Compared with last year, Wushan crisp plum brand is even louder this year, and its evaluation value has risen from 946 million yuan last year to 1.334 billion yuan this year. The market is wider. In the past, the offline sales market of Wushan Cuili was mainly in Chongqing. Now Wushan Cuili has sold well in many large and medium-sized cities and regions in China, such as Beishangguang, Chengdu, Wuhan and Hong Kong. Deng Yuncheng, a farmer who planted yellow peaches in Yanling County, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, said that after the commercial was broadcast, the yellow peaches in Yanling became much more famous and sold better. For the peaches of Deng Yuncheng’s own family, it took nearly a month to sell 400,000 Jin last year, and 600,000 Jin was sold out in just 20 days this year. In 2017, the annual output of yellow peaches in Deng Yuncheng village exceeded 3 million Jin, with an output value of nearly 21 million yuan; This year, the annual output of yellow peaches in the village is 4 million Jin, but the output value exceeds 40 million yuan.

　　After the broadcast of the series of public service advertisements "CCTV national brand plan-public service communication of major national projects", it triggered a warm response from all walks of life. Li Bin, vice president of the Sixth Academy of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, said that the space engine is the cornerstone of space development, and the successful development of a new generation of liquid oxygen kerosene engine has more than doubled China’s ability to enter space, making it possible for large space loads, space station projects, lunar exploration projects and other deep space exploration. For decades, from the depths of the mountains to the northwest, everyone has been painstakingly studying and deeply cultivating, and devoted himself to developing advanced space power for China. This time, I was surprised and proud to be able to appear on CCTV and speak for the national brand. I hope more people care about supporting scientific research and space.

　　The successful signing of the new phase of "Advertising Precision Poverty Alleviation" and "National Major Project Public Welfare Communication" has opened a new chapter in the public welfare project of "CCTV National Brand Plan". The Central Radio and Television General Station will work side by side with the propaganda departments of the party committees of the cooperative provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities and various scientific research units to make new and greater contributions to precision poverty alleviation and scientific and technological innovation.

　　Taurus leaves the year with cold wind, and Jade Tiger welcomes the spring with joy. In the Spring Festival of the Year of the Tiger, CCTV-9 has prepared a rich holiday meal for you, which is carefully arranged and presented, and a large film will accompany you for the New Year!

　　Record to accompany you to watch the Winter Olympics and go to the ice and snow appointment!

　　On the evening of February 4th, Diniger, a cross-country skier of China sports delegation, and Zhao Jiawen, an athlete from nordic combined, jointly lit the main torch of the Beijing Winter Olympics. These two contestants representing China are both after 00, full of youth and unlimited potential.

　　Among them, Zhao Jiawen is the first athlete in the history of China to qualify for the nordic combined Olympic Games. Nordic combined is considered as one of the most difficult snow events. In order to get a ticket to nordic combined in the Beijing Winter Olympics, he pushed himself to the wall and practiced hard, hard and hard again. The exclusive behind-the-scenes about his preparations for the Winter Olympics is in the documentary "Flying over the Ice and Snow Line" which was hit by CCTV-9!

　　The documentary "Flying Over the Ice and Snow Line" was jointly produced by the Film and Television Documentary Center of the General Station and Insight TV of the Netherlands. Ice and snow athletes (teams) from different countries in the world were selected to track and film their struggles in preparing for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, tell their moving stories in their sports careers and real life, and carry forward the sportsmanship of climbing the peak and the lofty feelings of winning glory for their country.

　　Gu Ailing, a talented girl of freestyle skiing in China, Kay Wilby, a famous short track speed skater in the Netherlands, Alice meriwether, an alpine skier in the United States, Donovan Carrillo, a figure skater in Mexico, Katie Ormerod, the Duchess of Artificial Ski Slope in Britain, and Zhao Jiawen, an athlete in nordic combined, China, as the protagonists in the film will bring their wonderful life stories to the audience. The film triggered a warm response after the premiere of CCTV-9, and returned domineering during the Spring Festival, once again shining on the screen.

　　The documentary series "Great Winter" takes the long history of development, sports principles and scientific highlights of the Winter Olympics as the core, and combines the scientific and technological knowledge of the Beijing Winter Olympics venues, scientific training AIDS, etc., with a large number of animation expressions and interesting ways of popular science experts to vividly explain, showing the uniqueness of the Winter Olympics sports from multiple angles and in depth.

　　The micro-documentary "Below Zero" revolves around the 15 events of the Beijing Winter Olympics &mdash; &mdash; Alpine skiing, biathlon, snowmobile, cross-country skiing, curling, figure skating, freestyle skiing, ice hockey, sleigh, nordic combined, short track speed skating, steel snowmobile, platform skiing, snowboarding, speed skating, etc., with the length of 5 minutes per episode, introduce the most extreme characteristics of a Winter Olympics event and popularize the knowledge of ice and snow sports.

　　Records accompany you to see the mountains and rivers and meet the ultimate China!

　　During the Spring Festival of the Year of the Tiger, two nature documentaries, Meeting the Extreme China and Chasing Fish in the Sea, will show you the ecological beauty and human brilliance in extreme environment from a multi-dimensional perspective.

Stills of "Meeting the Extreme China"

　　"Meeting the Extreme China" is a documentary about China’s most magical natural home, covering seven extreme landscapes of China: from the largest continental glacier in the world &mdash; &mdash; Puruogangri ice sheet, to the world’s largest mobile desert &mdash; &mdash; Taklimakan desert; From the extreme cold in the northernmost part of China &mdash; &mdash; Genhe and Mohe, to the largest and deepest canyon in the world &mdash; &mdash; Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon; From the largest and richest karst landform area in the world &mdash; &mdash; Karst in southern China, a wonder of the world where rivers flow side by side &mdash; &mdash; "Three Parallel Rivers" area, and then to the northernmost river confluence sea in China &mdash; &mdash; Yellow sea and Bohai sea

　　In the most typical season and the most critical moment, the film crew of Meet the Extreme China went deep into these unique extreme places and led the audience to feel the natural power and the miracle of life.

　　The documentary "Chasing Fish in the Sea" fully shows the process of China’s fleet’s offshore fishing, so that the audience can form an overall understanding of the development and progress of offshore fishing in China and feel the professionalism and survival wisdom of "deep-sea hunters". Focusing on offshore fishermen, the film depicts a group of optimistic, fearless, generous and simple "pure men" at sea while presenting their fantastic and arduous journey, which is unforgettable.

　　Record the delicious food with you and start the taste journey!

　　From Baishan Blackwater to the southwest border, from the land of abundance to Guanzhong Plain, the film crew of "The Journey of Pepper" went deep into the frontiers, coasts, plateaus, jungles and cities, and explored the deep-seated reasons why peppers changed the style of Chinese’s food culture while showing regional delicacies related to peppers.

　　How do Jinuo villagers in Xishuangbanna make festive delicious "chopped raw" with peppers? How delicious is the spicy braised duck palm produced in Longyou, Zhejiang Province, which is rich in white pepper? Quanzhou, the starting point of the Maritime Silk Road, has changed from a place that never likes spicy food to a "spicy addiction" resort where Southeast Asian snacks gather. What kind of process has it gone through? I believe you will know after watching this six-episode documentary!

　　"Taste of Macao" is a 4K documentary jointly produced by the Central Radio and Television General Station and the Macao New Port District Federation of Industry and Commerce, with a total of four episodes. After being broadcast on CCTV-1, CCTV-9 and CCTV video at the end of last year, it was well received by the audience and was praised as the "mini-encyclopedia" of Macao food circle. Professor Zhang Tongdao, director of the Documentary Research Center of Beijing Normal University, Ceng Dian praised the film: "The cultural collision carried by food is beautiful and warm, and Taste of Macau is not only a mouth-watering feast, but also a thought-provoking journey."

　　The new film "Taste Expensive and Spicy" and "Four Seasons Flowing New Year’s Eve" was released in the Spring Festival, offering the audience a unique and affectionate New Year’s Eve dinner and expressing Chinese’s deep feelings for the New Year, hometown and home.

　　Chinese New Year is coming, whether you are in a foreign land or returning to your hometown, please come to CCTV-9. Wash the dust in the documentary world, travel across all corners of the country, taste the delicious food on earth, and meet the ultimate China!

　　CCTV News:Since the beginning of this year, regional integration in the Yangtze River Delta has continuously improved the toughness and vitality of foreign trade. With the help of innovative logistics system and customs clearance facilitation, the Yangtze River Delta region has overcome the adverse effects brought by the epidemic and promoted the sustained and good development of foreign trade import and export.

　　At Jiangsu (Suzhou) International Railway Logistics Center, this train loaded with LCD, semiconductor and other commodities will be sent to Luchao Port in Shanghai and shipped to North America by sea. Here, "sea-rail combined transport" has become the norm. At the same time, in the absence of an airport, Suzhou copied the customs clearance mode of "sea-rail combined transport" with the logistics center as the front cargo terminal, and opened up a new channel of "land-air combined transport" to meet the air freight demand of enterprises.

　　The "land-air combined transport" train has also been normalized in Suzhou International Railway Logistics Center, and the daily delivery volume has remained at around 30 tons. At this point, the goods in the logistics center can go out by any combination of "road, railway, air and sea", attracting more and more enterprises from the Yangtze River Delta region to join in. At present, among more than 3,000 enterprises, enterprises outside Jiangsu account for nearly half.

　　The export of goods is more convenient, and many cross-border e-commerce enterprises in Shanghai have chosen Hangzhou, Ningbo and other places for customs clearance of imported goods. At Ningbo lishe airport International Cargo Terminal, Wang Wushan, the logistics manager of this cross-border e-commerce company in Shanghai, is receiving the goods that have just arrived from the United States. Wang Wushan told reporters that although the enterprise is in Shanghai, the innovative measures of cross-border e-commerce transit in the Yangtze River Delta region allow enterprises to quickly clear customs in Ningbo, and goods can be shipped directly from Ningbo, and users in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai can receive the parcel delivery information the next day.

　　Since the beginning of this year, Ningbo has undertaken many e-commerce businesses spilled from Shanghai and other places. For these imported goods, the local customs actively promoted the cross-border e-commerce transit business in the Yangtze River Delta region and opened various transit channels such as "air-to-air", "air-to-land" and "air-to-sea".

　　Various convenient measures have boosted the foreign trade in the Yangtze River Delta region to continue to improve. The data shows that in the first eight months, the growth rate of imports and exports in the Yangtze River Delta region was 1.5 percentage points higher than the national overall growth rate, and its contribution to the national foreign trade growth exceeded 40%, which provided strong momentum for stabilizing the foreign trade market.

　　The property market in 2016 can be described as ups and downs. From the slow sales at the beginning of the year to the recovery in the middle of the year, and then to the end of the year, the Sichuan real estate market has also experienced a roller coaster-like turning point. Judging from the current real estate market in Sichuan Province, the main purpose of secondary cities and third-and fourth-tier cities in the province is to destock, except that Chengdu, the provincial capital with overheated real estate market, has implemented regulation policies. So, what is the effect of destocking in Sichuan Province throughout the year? Which cities in the province have introduced policies to stimulate the property market?

　　The inventory scale decreased, and the overall price stabilized and rebounded.

　　A few days ago, the General Office of the Provincial Party Committee and the General Office of the Provincial Government jointly issued five implementation plans, including the Implementation Plan for Promoting Supply-side Structural Reform and De-capacity in Sichuan Province, which mentioned that by 2017, the inventory of commodity housing in the province will be reduced by 10% compared with 2015, and the personal loan rate of housing provident fund will remain at around 85%.

　　According to the data released by the Sichuan Provincial Bureau of Statistics, from January to November 2016, the investment in real estate development in Sichuan Province was 491.88 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9.8%. The construction area of commercial housing is 407.049 million square meters, an increase of 5.6%. The completed area of commercial housing was 55.504 million square meters, up 61.2%, of which the completed area of residential housing was 36.691 million square meters, up 53.4%. The sales area of commercial housing was 81.908 million square meters, an increase of 22.3%. Be in a leading position in the western region.

　　Since the beginning of this year, major second-tier cities in Sichuan have actively introduced relevant destocking policies, and the real estate market has generally continued the rebound trend at the end of last year, showing a good development momentum of sustained growth in development investment, rebound in market supply indicators and growth in commercial housing transactions. Overall, the price of commercial housing in our province has stabilized and rebounded, but there has been no excessive price increase.

　　Multi-city destocking policy has achieved remarkable results

　　Judging from the development of the real estate market in the whole province, it mainly presents polarization. Some cities with industrial support have obvious inventory effect under the impact of foreign population, while some cities with serious local population outflow and insufficient local confidence in buying houses have greater inventory pressure.

　　In this case, various secondary cities have introduced relevant countermeasures, the main methods are: issuing housing subsidies, increasing monetary resettlement, strictly controlling land supply and introducing preferential policies for shed reform.

　　Under a series of measures, Neijiang City has achieved obvious results. By the end of 2016, the scale of commodity housing in Neijiang City will not be higher than 3.9 million square meters, and the inventory destocking cycle will be controlled within 16 months. The growth rate of commercial housing sales in Luzhou is also obvious, and it ranks first in the province from January to September with a year-on-year increase of 39.9%. From January to September, the sales of commercial housing in Ya ‘an City was 570,100 square meters, up 35.3% year-on-year, ranking second in the province, but the pressure of destocking in Yingjing, Tianquan and Lushan counties was heavier. Guangyuan City strives to gradually ease the imbalance between supply and demand of commercial housing in the city by 2017, and the inventory of counties and districts with high inventory pressure will return to a reasonable level. In March of this year, Deyang City issued the policy of "subsidy of 5,000 yuan per house for rural residents", which achieved remarkable results. At present, the inventory level of commercial housing in the city has returned to a reasonable range. (Reporter Fan Ruiming)

　　

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　　What is the flavor of the year on the trip? It’s a "Happy New Year" from the intersection of different dialects, a warm-hearted move from strangers, a sea of fireworks in the streets and lanes, and an authentic annual custom experience …
　　During the Spring Festival, my family and I drove back to our hometown of Xinzhou, and after visiting relatives and friends, we started a short trip to the ancient city of Xinzhou. During the journey, we were busy in the crowd, sensing the changes in our hometown and the temperature of our hometown people, and harvesting the long-lost flavor of the year.
　　Local cars are polite to foreign cars.
　　Showing "Shanxi temperature" between advance and retreat
　　As a well-known scenic spot in Shanxi, the passenger flow of Xinzhou ancient city during the Spring Festival holiday surged, and the demand for accommodation, catering and parking lots was in short supply, which not only tested the reception capacity of the ancient city, but also tested the hospitality of local people.
　　February 13th, the fourth day of the first lunar month. At about 17 o’clock, the reporter drove to the ancient city of Xinzhou and went to the parking lot at the south gate of the ancient city. The vehicles had already queued up. "You see, girl, there are so many foreign cars. The ancient city of Zhangzhou is really famous in the country. " Father said proudly. Sure enough, nearly half of the vehicles in the queue are foreign licenses, including many vehicles from Shaanxi, Henan, Beijing, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Sichuan.
　　The short-term influx of traffic in the evening is very dense. Although the parking lot has entered the state of "one person is hard to find" several times, the parking of vehicles has always been orderly. When I turned around, a scene of local cars giving way to foreign cars was being staged.
　　"Well, there are two parking spaces there. You stop first, and then we’ll find a parking space." Seeing that there were two parking spaces vacant ahead, Mr. Peng, who was driving a Xinzhou license car, warmly greeted the owners of Su-brand and Beijing-brand vehicles next to him, and drove the car into the parking space that was hard to wait for. The owners of the two foreign license plates were very touched and thanked them again and again. Mr. Peng’s eyes narrowed and he smiled. "You’re welcome. Happy New Year! Welcome to Zhangzhou! " "Happy New Year! Happy New Year! " This response from you to me seems to be like visiting relatives in the New Year. It is kind, natural, simple and warm.
　　"It is normal to be crowded in the New Year, but it is not easy for many foreigners to visit the ancient city of Xinzhou. Some of them may still have a tight schedule. If you stop early, you can play for a while, visit the ancient city, see the night view, taste the food and feel our New Year atmosphere in Xinzhou." After stopping the car, I had a short conversation with Mr. Peng, and the hearty and honest Shanxi people flowed between their words. "Far away are guests! We locals don’t care about this short time. Let’s play less today and come back another day. "
　　Courtesy to foreign cars, far away are guests, "Shanxi temperature" is highlighted here. This scene reminds me of a sentence: the beauty of adults can make us beautiful together. Isn’t this between the advance and retreat of parking a true portrayal of Shanxi people’s minds and patterns? Isn’t it one of the "most beautiful scenery" on the way for tourists to travel to Shanxi?
　　The performance of playing while the iron is hot is bursting with popularity.
　　Brilliant Interpretation of "Chinese Romance"
　　"There are thousands of trees in the east wind night, and the stars are like rain." This is a vivid description of the scene of beating iron flowers by Xin Qiji, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. Playing while the iron is hot is the oldest fireworks in China, and it is also a Millennium legacy. During the Spring Festival, the fireworks show in Xinzhou Ancient City attracted many tourists to watch, and people felt the authentic China Year among the sparks.
　　Walking into the ancient city of Xinzhou, passing through the brightly lit and crowded streets and ascending the stairs along the winding and secluded path, you come to the "stage" where the iron is spent-the tall and magnificent Yishige in the West Garden of the ancient city. As the time approached 19: 30, more and more people gathered in your Excellency Yishi. The scene was crowded and lively, and the tourist team could not see the end at a glance. Some people pick up their children and hold them high above their heads to seize the visual "commanding heights"; Some people stand on tiptoe, craning their necks to look at them; Some people are walking around with their mobile phones, looking for the best shooting spot … Everyone is waiting for this "different fireworks" in different postures.
　　Tie Hua is a folk cultural performance skill discovered by China ancient craftsmen in the process of casting utensils. It began in the Northern Song Dynasty and flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and has a history of more than a thousand years. While the iron is hot, flowers are mostly spread in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and Shanxi is one of the popular areas.
　　At 19: 30, accompanied by the music, the professional florist threw the molten iron at 1600℃ into the air. As the florist struck the molten iron in the air hard, thousands of sparks were scattered instantly, and it dripped down from Yishige like a waterfall, which was shocking and beautiful. In the next 15 minutes, the spectacular scene of colorful, flaming trees and silver flowers continued. One iron flower rose into the sky, and another one followed, and the rods were connected, as dazzling as the goddess scattered flowers and Venus flashing, which was amazing. "Wow!" Whenever a wave of iron flowers blooms in the night sky, people around them scream in unison.
　　"Lights in Shanxi, thousands of years. In this Chinese-style romance full of sparks, it seems that I have seen a glorious and splendid historical river and a prosperous chapter of thousands of years of lights. " Friends from the same industry shared this shocking performance in the circle of friends. I believe that this is his taste of the year, and it is also the common taste of many people; This is his voice, and it is also the common voice of many people.

Shanxi Evening News reporter Zhang Caiyun

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, August 8th Question: Did you go to the swimming pool without changing your shoes, the bacteria exceeded the standard by 5 times, and the lifeguard deserted? &mdash; &mdash; Investigation on hidden dangers of safety and hygiene in swimming places

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Yan Zhihong, Li Yuze, Dong Xiaohong and Yang Na.

　　It’s midsummer, and swimming and fitness are very popular. Not long ago, the National Health and Wellness Commission issued the "List of Unqualified Places for Swimming Pool Water Quality Spot Check in Some Cities (First Batch)", which showed that some swimming pools in many cities were not up to standard.

　　National Fitness Day is coming, is there any hidden danger in the swimming pool you choose? What skills can help us choose a safe and hygienic swimming pool? Xinhua news agency reporters launched an investigation for this.

　　Chaos, Dirty and Danger: There are still many "swimming" problems in various places.

　　A few days ago, a suspected chlorine leak occurred in a swimming pool in Fangshan, Beijing, which caused many people to feel uncomfortable. At the same time, it made people feel palpitation, but it did not stop people from questioning whether the swimming pool around them was safe and hygienic. The reporter conducted field visits and investigations in Nanjing, Chengdu, Xiamen and other places, and found that there are still obvious hidden dangers in many swimming pools.

　　&mdash; &mdash; "Chaos". During the visit, the reporter found that some swimming venues did not publicize relevant information as required, and some swimming pools did not properly implement the cleaning procedures before entering the pool. In the Yingpaisi Swimming Pool in Gulou District, Nanjing, the reporter found that except for the residual chlorine content and water temperature of the venue, the self-inspection items stipulated in the national health standards such as the pH value and testing time of the swimming pool were not publicized, and other important data directly related to the health of swimmers, such as turbidity, carbon, total bacteria and coliform bacteria, were not announced. The reporter also saw that many visitors crossed the disinfection and sterilization facilities and directly entered the swimming pool. In addition, there are many people who directly wear slippers or even enter the pool without changing their shoes at all.

　　&mdash; &mdash; "dirty" The total number of bacteria in some swimming places exceeded the standard, causing adverse reactions among minors. "Several dolls in the class vomited and diarrhea after swimming." Many parents told reporters that after their children learned to swim in the miracle gym in Xindu District, Chengdu, they developed symptoms of fever and upper respiratory tract infection. According to the sampling results of local law enforcement departments, the total number of bacteria in the swimming pool water of the museum reached more than five times the upper limit of the standard value.

　　&mdash; &mdash; "risk" Some swimming pools are not equipped with life-saving personnel, and some lifeguards "desert". In the Yingpaisi Swimming Pool in Nanjing, the reporter found that during the peak hours of passenger flow on the weekend afternoon, there was no lifeguard in the audience for a long time. When some lifeguards are on duty, they often leave their posts or talk and laugh with their backs to the pool for a long time.

　　Excessive profit-seeking, poor management and weak supervision have become the main causes of "swimming"

　　The reporter’s investigation found that excessive profit-seeking, poor management and weak supervision are the main reasons for the safety and health hazards in some swimming venues in many places.

　　Some swimming venues ignore safety and hygiene standards in order to reduce costs. According to the requirements, swimming venues should be cleaned once a month. A coach of Nanjing Yingpaisi Swimming Pool revealed: "Swimming pools in the market are simply difficult to do." He told reporters that it takes two or three days for a small and medium-sized swimming pool to change water, and it takes longer for a large swimming pool. Not to mention the cost of changing water, the time cost is unbearable for commercial swimming pools. Therefore, in order to maximize profits, some swimming pools often try to reduce the frequency of changing water and washing pools.

　　In addition, some swimming pools "hide" in the community, so it is difficult to implement dynamic supervision. Wu Xiang, deputy head of the Environmental Health Supervision Brigade of Chengdu Health and Family Planning Supervision and Law Enforcement Detachment, said that although the facilities and environment of swimming pools (gymnasiums) in some communities are "superior", there are many water quality problems. For example, the residual chlorine value is lower than the national health standard, and the foot soaking pool does not meet the relevant health standards. He said that this swimming pool is usually "hidden in the building" and it is very difficult to implement dynamic supervision.

　　In addition, the rapid increase of passenger flow in summer and the lack of hard constraints on uncivilized swimmers are also the causes of the problem. In the Xiamen Workers’ Sports Swimming Pool, the reporter saw that the current water permeability of the swimming pool was significantly lower than other times. To this end, Chen Hong, deputy director of Xiamen Workers’ Cultural Palace, explained that the current peak season ticket prices are low, and the sudden increase in passenger flow has brought great pressure to management. The museum replaces more than 100 tons of fresh water for the swimming pool every day, but it still can’t eliminate the pressure of maintaining water sanitation. In addition, Chen Hong also said that there is currently a lack of hard constraints on uncivilized behavior in swimming pools. "We can only euphemistically discourage related uncivilized behaviors, and there is nothing else we can do."

　　In addition, the reporter also learned that due to the lack of effective due diligence supervision mechanism for lifeguards, lifeguards "deserted" a lot, which increased the safety risk.

　　Master these tricks and choose a safe and hygienic swimming pool.

　　The staff of relevant authorities in many places reminded that ordinary swimmers who want to choose a safe and hygienic swimming venue for "cool summer" must master certain skills to identify the safety index because of the lack of professional testing equipment.

　　The first is inspection. The majority of swimmers should take the initiative to check whether the health permit is hung in a conspicuous place and check whether it is within the validity period. We should try our best to know the health quantitative grading rating, the history of water quality sampling and the real-time self-inspection of water quality in swimming places in time, and pay special attention to whether the safety equipment and personnel in the venues are in place, so as to choose a suitable swimming place.

　　The second is the view. Observe whether the sanitation around the swimming pool is clean, bright and ventilated, and whether there is water in the drainage ditch. Besides, it depends on the color of the pool water. If the residual chlorine content in the swimming pool is normal and the water quality is excellent, then the pool water is bright light blue. And the water in the pool should be crystal clear to the naked eye.

　　The third is to smell. Is close to the surface of the water to smell the smell of water, if you can smell the faint smell of chlorine, it is qualified, and the medicine is too strong or even choking, then the concentration of available chlorine may exceed the standard.

　　The fourth is feeling. After entering the water, if the water quality of the pool is excellent, it will feel soft. If it feels hard and astringent, or even itchy, the water quality may be poor.

　　At the same time, a number of swimming venue operators have called for the majority of swimmers to consciously swim in a civilized way and jointly safeguard the health and safety of swimming pools. They suggested that the management department should introduce hard restraint measures against uncivilized swimmers who have repeatedly taught, so that civilization can be implemented and the pool can be cleaned.

　　In addition, the reporter learned that swimmers can also check the sanitary condition of the swimming pool around their location through some apps, and can check the water temperature, pH value, average daily water change rate, residual chlorine in the swimming pool and so on.

Cctv news(News Network): "Going into the County to See Development" entered Zizhong County, Sichuan Province today (August 15th). Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Zizhong has promoted agriculture through science and technology, strengthened the characteristic agricultural industry, and strived to build a strong county with characteristic industries in Chengdu and Chongqing.

Zizhong County, Sichuan Province, is located in the middle of Sichuan Basin, and it is the time for local rice harvest. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Zizhong has carried out the strategy of "storing grain on the ground and storing grain in technology", continuously explored the land potential, and tried to implement whole-process mechanized farming in hilly areas to promote grain production and income.

Yi Xiaojie, a rice grower in Zizhong County, Sichuan ProvinceMechanized farming has been carried out throughout the process, and the output has also gone up, and our pockets have also swelled.

Promoting agriculture through science and technology and promoting the high-quality development of modern agriculture. Relying on national agricultural science and technology parks, national modern agricultural industrial parks and national rural industrial integration development demonstration parks, Zizhong has continuously increased investment in research and development, and the scale and quality of agricultural products have been continuously improved. In 2021, the total output value of Zizhong agriculture was 8.131 billion yuan.

Zizhong is located between Chengdu and Chongqing. In recent years, the local transportation infrastructure has developed rapidly. Now, from Zizhong North Station, Chengdu-Chongqing high-speed railway can reach the capital in 28 minutes and Chongqing in 38 minutes. In the future, Zizhong will continue to lay out emerging industries such as clean energy and electronic information, build food and beverage industry clusters, and strive to build a strong green industry county in Chengdu and Chongqing, relying on the development of the twin-city economic circle in Chengdu and Chongqing.

Lu Songming, Deputy Secretary of Neijiang Municipal Committee of Sichuan Province and Secretary of Zizhong County CommitteeWe will develop characteristic agricultural industries, actively undertake supporting key industries in Chengdu and Chongqing, speed up the construction of a regional modern logistics system, and integrate high-quality into the twin-city economic circle in Chengdu and Chongqing.