Respondents:Li Zelin (young writer, screenwriter, representative works "The Sky of Wind Dog Boys" and "The Lion Boys")

Interviewer:Tuolu (Lecturer, School of Art and Media, Beijing Normal University, Ph.D., Chinese Department, Peking University). )

Organizer:Zixuan Zhao (Master of Radio and Television, School of Art and Media, Beijing Normal University, 2021)

Ding Lu (Master of Radio and Television, School of Art and Media, Beijing Normal University, 2021)

"Writing is something I have loved since I was a child."　

Tuolu (hereinafter referred to as Tuo):

I know that you have transformed from a young writer of literary novels to a screenwriter of dramas and movies. Which identity do you prefer, the novelist or the screenwriter?

Li Zelin (hereinafter referred to as Li):

In fact, I think whether writing a book, a script or making a film and television work, these works give me an identity. Because I like it, I enjoy the process of creating works, and I also have a strong internal drive. My parents started out in business. When I just finished the college entrance examination, they heard that I wanted to create, and they just thought I was trying to find a way to escape from life. Growing up, they didn’t see my hobbies or talents in this field, and they always thought that I had nothing to do with the so-called creator. But in the end, I embarked on this road, and I feel lucky.

Rio Tinto:That means you didn’t actually try to create a work before the college entrance examination began, did you?

In:When I was a child, there was nothing to play. Dozens of children in several communities often got together and listened to my stories. I made up most of the stories told at that time, and I think this may be the original creation. Later, I began to try to write something, but it was not published. Until high school, I didn’t have a clear goal for my future. Later, I accidentally watched The Pursuit of Happyness on the Internet and felt very moved and encouraged. I decided to make a movie. My goal at that time was to take the Chinese opera exam, and I made a lot of efforts for this goal, but I couldn’t find the Chinese opera when I filled in my volunteer. Later, I learned that I had to take the art exam to sign up for the Chinese opera.

Tuo Lu (left) and Li Zelin (right)

Rio Tinto:After the publication of your first work, what kind of opportunity made you feel that you could keep writing?

In:Before the book was published, I was invited by "One One" to write some short stories, which gained a lot of praise after the story was published. It was then that I thought I might be able to do this thing in the future.

Rio Tinto:How did One One know about you?

In:It was recommended by teacher Liu Tong.

"Creation should tap the inner feelings"　　

Rio Tinto:You have transformed from a young writer of literary novels to a screenwriter of TV movies. What is the opportunity of your transformation?

In:At that time, I created the novel "The Sky of Wind Dogs and Teenagers". The waist cover of the book was recommended by Xu Jinglei, which attracted the director Zhang Yibai. After reading it, he contacted me to buy the copyright and wanted to make a film adaptation. At that time, I didn’t want to adapt it myself, but one day I chatted with director Bai about the schools in the book, only to find that we were all from Chongqing No.29 Middle School, so I talked about some things about going to school when I was a child. He suggested that I write a script, and gave me a lot of help and guidance, which led to the drama "The Sky of Wind Dog Boys".

Rio Tinto:There is still a big difference from a novelist to a screenwriter. What do you think is the biggest difficulty on the road to transformation? What growth and changes have you experienced? How do you adapt to the working condition of a screenwriter?

In:At the beginning of writing a script, the director routinely asked me to write an outline, diversity and so on. I wrote for three months, but I still couldn’t write it. I was very depressed at that time. Later, I thought, although I can’t write an outline and a diversity outline, what if I can write a script? I wrote three episodes of the script directly and gave them to the director, and he knew the story clearly. Later, he was very tolerant and allowed me to write the script directly.

Rio Tinto:So you jumped out of the conventional creative method, didn’t you?

In:Yes, I didn’t have experience before. When writing a script, I just thought about the characters clearly, but the whole story came out slowly in the process of writing. However, with the creation of works, the creation of outlines and diversity is relatively skilled now.

Rio Tinto:So how do you usually get through the creative bottleneck?

In:This happens to me all the time. When writing "The Sky of Wind Dog Boys", I often don’t even know what the next word is, let alone the next scene and the next line. At this time, I usually try to keep calm, read books and watch movies without a destination, and often find inspiration and inspiration in some unrelated books and movies. Anxiety and anxiety will only make efficiency lower.

I think creation is basically a process of confronting negative emotions. For example, in a meeting, when people give you opinions and suggestions, you have to open your heart. I don’t think any opinion is completely absurd or useless, but you have to screen it yourself, and the creator must have a clear understanding of the work. I think good works are actually flawed, you can’t make a perfect thing, but you have to find a way to make the most valuable shining point shine with great light. At the same time, the creator should put his own feelings into his creation, and most of the feelings between people are common. Even if we all grow up in different environments, experiences and genders, we will be touched by common feelings. I see a part of my work that hits me, and I think this part is the emotion that the creator dug out from the bottom of his heart. So it also needs courage, the courage to open a part of yourself to the world and let everyone see it.

"Every character in the pen has life."　　

Rio Tinto:When I read your works myself, I found that the identity of "teenager", or the image of "teenager", is what you created the most and impressed the fans the most. Why do you love such a theme so much and think such a character image is the object you want to create?

In:The first is the chance of creation. When I first entered the business, Director Yibai’s need for me was "youth". Secondly, I personally like teenagers very much. Many interesting things always happen to teenagers, and it is easier to give play to my good emotions and emotions.

Rio Tinto:I noticed that there seems to be something like "story world" in your creation. For example, "old dog" appears repeatedly, "salted fish" is an image that the protagonist often compares himself, and "running like a dog" was also used in your previous title. Why did you choose these words so frequently in your creation?

In:Because I think the creation is staged, for example, these works were created in two years. In these two years, as a creator, your own state and thoughts, including what you touch and think every day, may have similar temperament. My three works are similar and related to some extent, probably because they were created at the same time.

The old dog borrowed the nickname of his childhood playmate. When I wrote The Sky Burning with Wild Teenagers, I thought about changing the name of the old dog, but I didn’t come up with a better name and continued to use it. In my opinion, a character name represents a certain temperament, which will exert a subtle influence on you and lead the creator to finish shaping them.

Rio Tinto:When I look at your works, I sometimes think of some Hong Kong movies, and I feel that there is a little shadow of young and dangerous people, or a little shadow of Stephen Chow. Some fans are very curious. I wonder if you particularly like Hong Kong movies or Stephen Chow?

In:When I was a child, I didn’t know where to go to see foreign movies. Sometimes I rent a disc, and many foreign movies don’t even have subtitles, so I can’t understand them. Therefore, when I was a child, I was exposed to Hong Kong films, such as works directed by Stephen Chow, Chen Kexin, Du Qifeng, John Woo and Jing Wong. Later, I started to get in touch with some literary lovers, and I also went to see the films of Kitano Takeshi and others. I was deeply influenced by these films.

Rio Tinto:You are from Guangdong, and you are kind to Cantonese. There are actually two versions of The Lion Boy in Mandarin and Cantonese. Did you think in Cantonese or Mandarin when you wrote the script before?

In:Thinking in Putonghua, I wrote this work in the context of Putonghua, but the scene was set in Guangdong. So when director Sun Haifeng came to me, I was going to decline at first, because I didn’t write cartoons, and I didn’t know what to pay attention to compared with live action. But he finally mentioned the theme of lion dance, which I am very interested in, because there are relatives in my family who dance lions, so we have found a common interest.

Rio Tinto:You said before that you need to change your way of thinking and expression from writing a novel to writing a script. Then it seems that you have changed from a movie to an animated movie. Are there any difficulties in this process?

In:When creating animated films, I don’t have so many burdens in my heart. I think what the picture looks like, how the characters should speak and what they should do, so I write it in the script according to the picture that appears in my mind. But in the end, it is found that there are still some differences between the real script and the animated script. I think there are many emotions and lines in animated films that should be simpler and more direct, because animated films can’t be as delicate as real people in performance. This should have been a consciousness before creation, but it was not there at that time. Fortunately, our generation grew up in the immersion of animation, and my own works have a certain sense of comics, and there will be an intuition in my subconscious.

Rio Tinto:In "The Lion Boy", do you want to express your concern for riff-raff and the narrative of the boy’s growth, or did the whole animation production team decide it at the planning stage?

In:At the beginning of the script, I thought I would write such characters and stories. Lion dancing is really a bitter, dangerous job, and it may take a lot of hard work. When the lion dancer performs in front of you, you will feel a little scared and shocked. When creating, I think that if the hero wants to be a lion in the end, he must be a man who is unlikely to be a lion at first, so that the contrast can produce a sense of "counterattack". I think The Lion Boy can be enjoyed by everyone, and one of the most important points is that it is inspired by the hero’s spirit.

Rio Tinto:It is said that you finished writing The Lion Boy very quickly. Did the director and planner brainstorm with you? Did they put forward any creative demands?

In:When Director Sun Haipeng found me, we talked about the content, style and context of the story. In the process of production, we made many details changes, and they all went smoothly. Director Sun Haipeng made me feel at ease. He resolutely made the production according to our agreed feelings, and added a lot of points to the presentation of the script in the whole production process. For example, the hero flower is actually added later. At first, I wrote kapok, because I think it has Guangdong characteristics and is very beautiful. One day, the director discussed with me "whether to call it kapok or hero flower, and whether to add another line according to this hero flower", so there was the sentence "You are the man who was hit by hero flower".

Rio Tinto:There is a scene in "The Lion Boy" that fans like very much-the hero dances alone on the roof from dark to dawn. That scene is particularly poetic. Can you talk about it?

In:The director and I were looking forward to the play at the script stage, and we all said that this place would be very burning and moving. Finally, the finished product completely exceeded my expectations. I didn’t expect it to be so good.

Rio Tinto:The end of the film is a little heavy, but the protagonist still decides to go to Shanghai. What do you think about this plot design?

In:The script ends when you jump towards Optimus Prime, fall into the water and the reactions of various characters in the story. "Going to Shanghai" is the director’s idea. There are many moments in life that jump out of the shackles and touch the sky, but it is only a moment, and finally it has to return to reality and real life.

Make a youth film "Out of the ivory tower"

Rio Tinto:Director Zhang Yibai said that your creative style is "social youth". Have you talked about this before?

In:Actually, I haven’t talked When he said "social school", I think it may be that at the beginning of the creation of "The Sky of Wind Dog Boys", director Yibai told me that he wanted to make a youth film that "walked out of the ivory tower" and talked about the growth of these 15-and 16-year-olds outside the school. After all, studying at school is not the whole of a person’s growth, and a lot of growth is also related to friends, families and growing environment around him. The "social school" I understand is the intersection of the characters in the story and real life, and the feelings that bounce back after the collision.

Rio Tinto:From "Wind Dog Boy’s Sky" to "Lion Boy" later, it seems that you want to make a map of the juvenile universe. Are you still doing this direction now? Or the other direction?

In:I didn’t think so, and I didn’t stick to the theme of teenagers. But as a creator, his creative style may not change much in a short time. I am often told that creators need to make some breakthroughs. I think there is no problem with breakthrough, but it is easy for creators, especially young creators like me, to fall into a trap. Breakthrough is a long process, which needs to be accumulated slowly, practical steps and real feelings and experiences. Maybe at a certain stage, you will naturally complete a so-called breakthrough.

Rio Tinto:I read in your file that you often transferred to other schools and visited many places when you were a child. Do you think this experience has any influence on your creation?

In:My childhood experience was quite wandering. I spoke Cantonese in Guangdong since I was a child, and then I went to Shanghai and had to speak Shanghainese. I finally learned Shanghainese, went to Chongqing and learned Chongqing dialect. I finally learned a very authentic Chongqing dialect, went to Haikou and spoke Mandarin again, and went to college and returned to Guangdong to speak Cantonese again. Looking back now, this experience has provided a lot of help for my creation. I will observe others, the surrounding environment and the city where I live from the perspective of a bystander. When you go to a place to live, you have to find a way to blend in and live. This kind of experience has made me form a habit since I was a child, and I like to observe others. Think about why these Chongqing people are like this. Why are these Hainan friends like this? Now that I think about it, it was really a good experience.

Rio Tinto:So in your creation, it is more likely that you observe other people’s lives than your own experiences?

In:For example, the old dog in "The Sky of Wind Dog Boys" and A Juan in "The Lion Boys", you will meet such people in your life and have had contact and intersection. In creation, if you need such characters, you will find their fulcrums and handrails, and then project your experiences and emotions on them, and they will return something to you. I used to create, but I didn’t know the relationship between the creator and the works themselves, so I thought I was creating these works myself. Now I feel that while you are creating these works and characters, they are also shaping you in turn. They seem to have held your hand and experienced their lives together. Creators and creative characters will provide each other with strength.

"Feedback from the audience helps me grow."　

Rio Tinto:After listening to your story just now, I can feel that you are quite happy in the creative process, but when the work is finished, you will always face different voices. How do you digest and understand the negative voices?

In:I didn’t have this consciousness when I wrote "The Sky of Wind Dog Boys". At that time, I just entered the business and had no experience. I didn’t know some plots and details of the work and what kind of reaction the audience would give. When creating the Sky of Wind Dog Boys, the whole work is very close to real life. Secondly, at that time, the epidemic had not yet come, and the whole social atmosphere was more relaxed. However, after this work was published, it caught up with the epidemic. In the last fifteen episodes, the plot of "Liu Wenqin went offline" made many people very angry and produced some negative comments. As a creator, it was more painful at that time. Until I saw a private letter, a Wuhan audience said that the story was warm and happy at first, which made him feel relaxed and relieved in the environment of the epidemic, but the plot really hurt his feelings. He spoke very calmly and communicated with me sincerely. I suddenly understood it at that moment. I was still young before, and I was a little arrogant when I entered the business. I felt that I only cared about my creation, and whether I could understand it or not was your business. But after these years, I will pay more attention to the emotional connection with the audience, and I will find that the relationship between the creator and the audience is mutually supportive, so now I will consciously consider not hurting their feelings too much.

Rio Tinto:Now, when you are writing, you sometimes stand from the perspective of fans and jump out to see the storyline you created, right?

In:Will care about each other at some point. Like I watched the previous movie Waterfall, the mother and daughter finally got out of a lot of difficulties in the movie. When the girl was sitting on a stone and the distant flood came, I really thought that the director and screenwriter were going to write this girl to death. At that moment, I also felt that maybe that’s how the audience felt when they watched the last episode of Wind Dog Boy’s Sky. I feel that I have more empathy now. I have never received feedback from the audience before. Now all three works have strong feedback, which is a lucky thing for the creators. I will complain only because I love the characters. It is these encouragement, praise and criticism that make me grow up quickly.

Rio Tinto:Do you have any advice for young people who are eager to learn from you and embark on the creative road like you?

In:My suggestion is to seriously explore what you really want to express and what your true feelings are. I think it is difficult to create a work that can resonate with others without close contact with someone and experience some emotion. There is also the need to remain diligent and courageous. For a creator, you must have the courage to jump into unknown waters. When writing the Sky of Wind Dog Boys, we all want to create a youth drama with a wider dimension; When writing "The Sky Burning with Wild Teenagers", because there are not many musical films to refer to, it tests the creator’s perseverance and courage; Before the creation of Lion Boy, there were very few realistic cartoons, and we don’t know what the final result will be. I think I am more pioneering, perhaps because I am not from a regular background, and I don’t have too many rules and regulations. I just create with my own enthusiasm, and there is not much burden.

The party’s educational policy is the concentrated expression of the party’s theory, line, principles and policies in the field of education, and has a fundamental position and role in the development of education. Huainan Teachers College regards studying, propagating and implementing the Party’s educational policy as an important political task, which is linked with studying and implementing the important exposition of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on education, linking with implementing the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th Plenary Sessions of the 19th National Congress, combining with studying and educating the Party history, unifying with implementing the newly revised Education Law of the People’s Republic of China, and centering on the fundamental task of "cultivating people by virtue". We will build a "five-education system" of "building people by virtue", "enlightening people by wisdom", "strengthening people by body", "moistening people by beauty" and "training people by labor", and strive to cultivate socialist builders and successors with all-round development of morality, intelligence, body, beauty and labor.

Building people’s virtue, building people’s virtue, building a new wind.

Xiu De is the first to cultivate one’s morality. The school deepens the connotation of moral education, expands the space of moral education activities, enriches the forms of moral education, and the fundamentality, pertinence and effectiveness of moral education work are constantly enhanced. As the most vivid and convincing textbook, the magnificent and shining century-old party history has become the spiritual nourishment to nourish the growth of students. Rich red resources such as the history of the party in the professional performance, the history of the party in the "three characters and one painting" and the history of the party in the handmade works have been transformed into educational forces that moisten the heart. Calligraphy, fine arts, photography, drama, music and other forms of cultural performances in the mass theme of "Always Walk with the Party" have set off a wave of activities to celebrate the centenary of the founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in the whole school. The integration of ideological and political education into social practice, voluntary service, practical training, on-the-job teaching, innovation and entrepreneurship makes the nerve endings of moral education extend to every corner of students’ study and life. The construction of Anhui province’s demonstration center of curriculum ideological and political construction, universities with pioneering curriculum ideological and political construction, and provincial-level demonstration courses of curriculum ideological and political construction have become a powerful guide and teaching support for moral education, and the ideological content, academic rationality and effectiveness of curriculum ideological and political construction have been continuously improved. The implementation of the "second classroom report card" system brings ideological and political literacy and social responsibility into the report card management, which reflects the vivid moral education picture of "moral education in all courses, and all teachers stress educating people", thus improving the attractiveness, persuasiveness and appeal of teaching.

Enlighten people with wisdom, be knowledgeable and carry out their mission.

If you don’t learn, you can’t be versatile, and if you don’t want to learn, you can’t succeed. "We should work hard to increase our knowledge and knowledge", which is the growth requirement put forward by the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader to the student group, the growth path given by the General Secretary, and the "indicator light" and the "road map" drawn by the General Secretary for educators. The school enlightens people with wisdom, always insists on education, guides students to return to hard work, systematically carries out the work of abolishing and reforming the teaching management system, focuses on all aspects of talent training, and revises and issues 38 teaching quality standards covering specialty construction, curriculum construction, practical teaching, educational practice, graduation requirements assessment of normal universities, and quality evaluation of talent training. Pay close attention to the construction of study style, implement the system of classroom teaching supervision and inspection, real-time network monitoring and weekly report of teaching status, and monitor and evaluate the teaching operation, plan implementation, graduation thesis (design), course examination, experimental training and other links through special and "three-phase" teaching inspection. Reasonably "increase the burden", strengthen the process assessment, increase the difficulty of the course, expand the depth of the course, enhance the academic challenge, and change the "water lesson" with outdated and easy content into a deep, difficult and challenging "gold lesson" to stimulate students’ motivation to study hard. Insist on promoting teaching by competition, promoting learning by competition, and paying attention to both competition and study. Students won the gold medal in the China College Students’ Engineering Practice and Innovation Ability Competition, won the silver medal in the National Finals of the China International "internet plus" College Students’ Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition, and constantly broke through in the national and provincial normal students’ skill competitions and won several first prizes.

Building a dream and laying a foundation by strengthening people’s youth with physical fitness

To civilize its spirit, we must first savage its body. The school sets up the concept of "health first", which helps students enjoy fun, strengthen their physique, improve their personality and temper their will in physical exercise. In public physical education class, the teaching reform of "compulsory+elective+club" is integrated inside and outside the class. In the first semester, compulsory courses aimed at improving physical fitness are offered. From the second semester, students can choose their favorite sports such as ball games, traditional national sports, physical fitness and physical health care, and implement the club system in the third and fourth grades. According to the test data of students, clubs such as weight loss classes and quality classes are offered. With the aim of "everything is for the health of teachers and students", we actively carry out various mass and interesting campus sports activities, spread the concept of "everyone participates and everyone benefits" to the hearts of teachers and students, and formed a campus sports culture brand with competition activities as the carrier and sports meeting and sports culture month as the climax. Measures for the management of sports team training, competition, campus morning running and extracurricular exercise have been formulated, and sports facilities such as track and field, basketball court and tennis court in the East Campus and beach volleyball court in Quanshan Campus have been newly built, which has a strong guarantee for sports work. Students have won gold and silver in the National College Boxing Championship, Anhui College Track and Field Competition, Anhui College Dragon Boat Open and other events, and achieved great success again and again. The campus song "Snowflake’s Dream" originally created by teachers and students was broadcast in the New Year’s Song Festival with the theme of "Winter Olympics Together with the Future" hosted by China Education TV Station, which was full of youthful texture and high-spirited music melody.Let the passion of winter Olympics, the dream of youth and the bloody struggle penetrate into the hearts of every student.

Run people with beauty, Chunhua Qiushi Man Tingfang.

Breeze and drizzle moisten the heart, and listen to the flowers bloom and spring fill the garden. Focusing on three key areas: universal art education, professional art education and art teacher education, the school has built a multi-level and multi-angle aesthetic education system, including course teaching, art practice, campus cultural activities and art exhibitions, constantly strengthening and improving aesthetic education and teaching, leading students to establish correct aesthetic concepts, cultivate noble moral sentiments and shape a beautiful soul. In the elective course of general education, the module courses of aesthetic education covering music, art, dance, drama, opera, photography, film and television, calligraphy and other art categories are set up to popularize the basic knowledge of aesthetic education. Introduce the advantageous resources of local folk arts in Huainan, and offer aesthetic education courses with local characteristics such as flower drum lanterns, drama promotion and children’s dance. Build a series of forums of the school’s characteristic aesthetic education brand "Shungeng Youth Forum: Art and Life" and incorporate them into the aesthetic education curriculum system. Try out the "art club", incorporate the students’ "art club" training practice course into the public art curriculum system, and implement the credit system management. We will build a training center for women’s education and a "ladies’ school", and train girls in skills such as self-cultivation and family life, so as to enhance students’ awareness of self-cultivation and their ability to fulfill family responsibilities and guide them to feel the beauty of life. Students are guided to experience the beauty of society and labor by carrying out activities such as on-the-job teaching, public service and work-study program. Take elegant art into campus, college students’ art exhibition, students’ club culture and art festival, college students’ advertising art festival and other diversified art activities as carriers to expand the time and space of aesthetic education and enrich the forms of aesthetic education.Strengthening the practice of aesthetic education provides a broad stage for students to show their talents and realize themselves.

Holding up the Chinese dream with hard work and hard work

Labor is the most glorious, the noblest, the greatest and the most beautiful, and labor makes new youth. The school integrates labor education into the whole process of talent training, and offers labor education courses in elective and compulsory courses of general education to popularize labor science knowledge such as labor relations, security, safety and health. Offering labor courses based on the characteristics of disciplines and specialties, such as the courses of humanities and social sciences to carry out voluntary service and other labor practice activities, and the courses of science and engineering to carry out innovative labor practice in combination with disciplines and skill competitions. Carry out physical labor-based labor education practice activities on campus, such as dormitory, canteen, classroom and campus health maintenance, work-study program, public service, etc. Carry out labor education activities, such as learning Lei Feng Memorial Day and May Day Labor Day, and organize relevant community activities. Encourage students to participate in real social labor opportunities. For example, during the special "labor class" during the epidemic prevention and control in COVID-19, school students actively participated in community epidemic prevention or participated in "spring ploughing" in the fields. Relying on the campus laboratory, student activity center, engineering training center and other labor education practice fields, we will carry out several characteristic labor education projects, such as laboratory open day, internet plus classic reading guide, and cultivating education supervision posts. Serving the revitalization of rural basic education, teaching in post practice, sending the law to the field by "Popularizing Law and Light Cavalry", "painting culture on the wall, shaping civilization in the heart, painting beautiful countryside" ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..Let students realize the combination of simple labor and complex labor, material labor and spiritual labor, individual labor and collective labor, prescribed labor and voluntary service, work-study program and public welfare activities, etc., which sharpens students’ will to struggle and improves their physical and mental quality.

The simultaneous development of five educations is not only a concept, a concept, a system and a set of policies, but also represents an era and is the most basic initial intention of returning to education. The school will continue to explore the internal relationship between the five educations, build a system of integration of the five educations, and promote the cultivation of morality, intellectual attainment, physical fitness, aesthetic refinement and labor refinement, which not only do their own duties and do their best, but also resonate in the same direction, so as to cultivate a society with high moral character, solid knowledge, strong body, beautiful mind and respect for labor. (Guo Lei Shawich Special correspondent: Tu Xinyu)

　 　 　 　Looking back at the development history of social security in New China, the Labor Insurance Regulations of People’s Republic of China (PRC) promulgated in 1951 is undoubtedly the starting point of China’s social security system, and the employment groups of public-owned units have become the first people covered by the social security system under the planned economy system. After many years, China’s social security system has been continuously improved, and the coverage of the population has gradually expanded from the initial "regular employees" to various employment groups, and the coverage has expanded from a single state-owned enterprise to the rural grassroots.

　 　 　 　Jiangmen is no exception. With the establishment of the old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents, workers, rural residents, urban residents and flexible employees have been included in the scope of system protection, and social insurance has moved from full coverage of the system to full coverage of the population. According to statistics, by the end of 2020, the number of retirees from the basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees in our city has increased to 359,800, the number of urban and rural residents receiving pension insurance has increased to 575,900, the number of employees participating in industrial injury insurance has increased to 1,031,200, and the number of employees participating in basic medical insurance has increased to 3,956,100. In 2020, the total expenditure of pension insurance for enterprise employees and pension insurance for urban and rural residents exceeded 11 billion yuan, and the service volume of social insurance business in the city reached 10.76 million person-times. The scope of insurance coverage has been continuously expanded, social security benefits have been steadily improved, and public service capacity has been continuously enhanced. A strong social security system has painted a "background color" for Jiangmen people’s happy life.

　 　 　 　Social security benefits are fully implemented.

　 　 　 　Everyone shares the fruits of social development.

　 　 　 　Lao Jia, an online car driver from Hunan, just participated in work-related injury insurance as a specific person this month. What helped him to join the insurance smoothly was the "Measures on Employees Over the Statutory Retirement Age and Other Specific Personnel Participating in Work-related Injury Insurance (Trial)" which was implemented in April this year. The implementation of the "Measures" has enabled Lao Jia to engage in express delivery, online car rental and other industries, as well as eight categories of people over the statutory retirement age to enjoy various treatment rights of work-related injury insurance.

　 　 　 In recent years, the city has continued to implement the national insurance plan. On the one hand, we will comprehensively carry out the payment of work-related injury insurance in the construction industry, do a good job in the issuance of work-related injury insurance benefits in the construction industry, and standardize the issuance process of work-related injury insurance benefits in the construction industry. We will make every effort to promote the payment of insurance for all land-expropriated farmers and accelerate the allocation of social security funds for land acquisition in our city. Fully implement flexible employees to participate in the basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees. Actively cooperate with human society, local tax and other departments to promote the full participation of all employees and expand the coverage of insurance payment. On the other hand, based on the city’s social security card holders’ basic information database, the data of labor, employment, public security and local taxes are integrated, and the data of all insured persons are verified and compared, and a basic database covering all insured persons is established. At present, the city’s household registration personnel have been included in the national insurance registration database, and 100% of the national insurance registration and verification work has been completed.

　 　 　 　From individuals to enterprises, the city’s efforts to help enterprises stabilize their posts are also gradually increasing. Since 2017, the city has fully implemented a series of policies of "stabilizing growth, promoting reform, adjusting structure and benefiting people’s livelihood", and timely implemented measures such as unemployment, work-related injuries and adjustment of maternity payment rates. Including the implementation of the unemployment insurance rate reduction, the unemployment insurance rate will be reduced from the original 2% to 1%; The employer’s medical insurance payment ratio is lowered to 5.5%; The proportion of maternity insurance contributions is lowered to 0.5%; The current payment rate of work-related injury insurance for each insured unit will be reduced by 50% in a unified stage. In 2020, we will implement the policy of reducing and exempting enterprise social insurance premiums by stages, effectively complete the refund of social insurance premiums paid by more than 30,000 employers in the city by 150 million yuan, reduce and exempt the social insurance premiums of 82,400 employers by 4.449 billion yuan, and distribute unemployment insurance to 7,480 enterprises by 280 million yuan.

　 　 　 　Deepen the reform of "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services"

　 　 　 　Improve the efficiency of social security services

　 　 　 　Since the establishment of the old-age insurance system for employees in China in 1992, the process of social security reform has not stopped. After more than 20 years of efforts, China’s social insurance system has gradually improved and developed, and finally the largest social insurance system in the world has been established, and it has been continuously improved and enriched.

　 　 　 　In recent years, Jiangmen is also deepening the reform of pension, medical care and industrial injury insurance in an all-round way, realizing the provincial-level co-ordination of enterprise employees’ pension insurance and industrial injury insurance, and the municipal-level management of urban and rural residents’ pension insurance, continuously improving the level of social security co-ordination and improving the efficiency of fund use and the ability of system to resist risks. Deepen the reform of endowment insurance in government agencies and institutions, and realize the normalization of insurance registration and payment. Deepen the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform and improve the service efficiency of social security agencies.

　 　 　 　Among them, especially in the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform of social security management, the city issued and implemented the "Work Plan for Jiangmen Social Security Bureau to Further Promote the Reform of" Simplifying Administration and Decentralization, Combining Release with Management, and Optimizing Services "in the field of social security management. Guided by the" blocking points "of enterprises, all kinds of non-critical certification items were cancelled, the business process was simplified, the time limit was compressed, and the certification item notification commitment system was implemented on a pilot basis.

　 　 　 During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, 48 certification materials were cancelled, the working time was reduced by 30%, and the commitment system was implemented for 28 items. In accordance with the principle of unified standards and simplified procedures, 92 business processes in urban areas were checked and standardized, and 8 unnecessary audit requirements were deleted. The list management of 102 social insurance government services in the city has been implemented to standardize public services. 100% of the 78 government affairs services in our bureau are done at once, 72% online and 87% nearby.

　 　 　 　From "Doing on Paper" to "Doing at Fingertips"

　 　 　 　Handling services continue to heat up.

　 　 　 　Liu Guohua, 66, is an ordinary retired employee of state-owned enterprises in Jiangmen. In the early years, he and his wife would bring their relevant vouchers to the counter of the social security hall every April to June to apply for the payment of pension benefits for the next year. "At this time of year, the social security hall is packed, which is very inconvenient." Liu Guohua said.

　 　 　 　 Nowadays, the qualification certification of retired elderly people for pension benefits has been opened from centralized certification to full-time certification throughout the year. Moreover, the insured only needs a mobile phone, and the authentication procedures can be completed anytime and anywhere, which brings great convenience to the insured. Liu Guohua said with emotion: "Now the social security business is more and more considerate and humanized, and the government’s purpose of serving the people is indeed reflected in action."

　 　 　 　In recent years, the city has continuously improved the level of social insurance benefits and improved the social security service system. Various social security benefits have been steadily improved, and real-time settlement of medical expenses for medical treatment, maternity and work-related injury insurance in Jiangmen and online settlement of medical expenses for hospitalization in different places have been realized. The self-service carrier of social security management has developed to the mobile terminal, and 28 high-frequency services have realized the whole process network. At the same time, a "dual-track" grass-roots handling service system has been established, in which town-level public service centers mainly handle social security business, and bank outlets and towns (streets) handle it in parallel.

　 　 　 　For example, in terms of online settlement of hospitalization expenses for medical treatment in different places, the city further expanded the scope of medical institutions for direct settlement of medical treatment in different places within the province and across provinces, streamlined the filing process for medical treatment in different places, enriched the filing channels for medical treatment in different places, and realized online processing for medical treatment in different places. At present, the city has included 63 designated medical institutions for direct settlement of medical treatment in different places in the province, and 58 designated medical institutions for direct settlement of medical treatment in different provinces, covering all secondary and above designated medical institutions in the city and the first-level designated medical institutions with large demand for medical treatment in different places. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the insured in our city settled the medical expenses of 100,000 person-times in different places in real time, and the total payment of the fund exceeded 1.5 billion yuan.

　 　 　 　The city also actively promotes the "no meeting" of social security agency services. Create "TV social security", develop cable TV to handle social security business platform, and enrich social security self-service carrier. Online social security online business bid for the convenience service system, realize online query of 48 social security information data, realize online printing of conventional vouchers such as social security participation payment list vouchers and social insurance relationship transfer vouchers, and realize online processing of five businesses such as medical treatment filing in different places and pension treatment qualification certification. Actively promote the mobile application of high-frequency services for the convenience and benefit of enterprises in our city, and integrate 28 high-frequency government services into the "Guangdong Province" applet.

　 　 　 　In addition, the city also actively cooperates with the promotion of social security business in town-level public service centers through the decentralization of some handling rights to the town level and the construction of "one-stop" service windows. At present, "town-level public service centers can handle 128 social security business items, and 9 businesses have been fully handled in the city. We will integrate foreign handling services such as work-related injuries, social security relations, pension and unemployment, set up a comprehensive business service window, and promote the construction of a new service pattern of "one guide, one window for acceptance, one station for service and one-time settlement". The city’s insured can handle the endowment insurance business for urban and rural residents in 189 town (street) service outlets.

[Related links]

Let’s watch it togetherThe development and changes of social security system in our city for 40 years

　 　 　 　China’s social security system was founded in the early 1950s, and entered a period of comprehensive and profound system reform with the economic system reform in the mid-1980s. The development of social insurance is a microcosm of the history of reform and opening up at all levels from the state to the province to the city. On the occasion of celebrating the centenary of the founding of the Party, let us follow the footsteps of history to understand the development and changes of the social security system in our city from scratch, from existence to perfection and from perfection to Excellence.

　 　 　Exploration on the Establishment of Social Insurance from scratch (1980-1999)

　 　 　 　China’s current social insurance system evolved from the labor insurance system. Under the planned economy system, the state implements a unified distribution policy for employees’ wages and welfare insurance. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, China gradually transformed from a planned economy system to a socialist market economy system, and began to reform the social insurance system in the 1980s.

　 　 　 　In 1983, Jiangmen City began to try out the social endowment insurance for workers under the labor contract system. Jiangmen City began to try out the social insurance system among newly recruited contract workers, which included unemployment insurance. On May 1, 1984, Jiangmen City began to try out social pooling of retirement funds.

　 　 　 　In 1992, Jiangmen City began to implement industrial injury insurance. On August 1 of the same year, Jiangmen City began to implement the overall planning of maternity fund for female employees. After giving birth, female employees who meet the family planning policy will pay maternity insurance benefits in one lump sum according to the standard of 1,500 yuan for natural delivery and 1,800 yuan for dystocia or multiple births.

　 　 　 　In September 1994, the city fully implemented the social endowment insurance for employees.

　 　 　 　In 1995, Jiangmen City raised maternity insurance benefits for female employees, from 1,500 yuan to 1,800 yuan for natural delivery and from 1,800 yuan to 2,300 yuan for dystocia.

　 　 　 　On July 1, 1996, the Interim Provisions on Unemployment Insurance for Employees in Guangdong Province was formally implemented. In 1998, the provincial people’s government promulgated the Provisions on Unemployment Insurance in Guangdong Province, and in 1999, the State Council promulgated the Regulations on Unemployment Insurance, which extended the coverage of unemployment insurance to all urban enterprises and institutions. Following the footsteps of Guangdong Province, our city gradually began to establish a sound social security system.

　 　 　Exploration on the Social Insurance Reform from "Everything" (2000-2012)

　 　 　 　On July 1, 2000, Jiangmen City began to implement the basic medical insurance for urban workers. In 2002, the Standing Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress deliberated and passed the Regulations on Unemployment Insurance in Guangdong Province, which brought more people into the unemployment insurance system and the unemployed during the period of receiving unemployment insurance benefits into the scope of basic medical insurance.

　 　 　 　In January, 2006, our city began to implement the municipal co-ordination of endowment insurance. In 2008, Jiangmen City began to implement the basic medical insurance system for urban residents. In the same year, in order to alleviate the pressure of employers to participate in social insurance payment and further expand the coverage of work-related injury insurance, Jiangmen City lowered the contribution rate of work-related injury insurance.

　 　 　 　In 2010, Jiangmen City implemented municipal co-ordination of unemployment insurance, industrial injury insurance and maternity insurance.

　 　 　 　On October 1st, 2010, Kaiping, as a national pilot county of new rural social endowment insurance, officially started the pilot work.

　 　 　 　In 2011, Kaiping City was rated as the first batch of pilot counties in the province for new rural insurance coverage, and Xinhui District, Taishan City, Heshan City and enping city were the third batch of pilot counties to start the new rural insurance and simultaneously start the pilot work of urban and rural residents’ old-age insurance. In the same year, Pengjiang District and Jianghai District carried out the pilot work of new rural insurance and urban residents’ old-age insurance on their own.

　 　 　 　In 2011, the basic medical insurance for urban workers and the basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents in Jiangmen City were co-ordinated at the municipal level. From July 1, 2011, according to the provisions of the Social Insurance Law, unemployed people directly participate in the basic medical insurance for employees during the period of receiving unemployment insurance benefits, and all medical insurance premiums for unemployed people are paid by the unemployment insurance fund, and individuals do not pay.

　 　 　 　In January, 2012, our city combined the new rural insurance and the urban residents’ old-age insurance system, established a unified social old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents, and achieved full coverage of urban and rural residents’ old-age insurance.

　 　 　 　High-quality transformation of social insurance from all to excellent (2013-present)

　 　 　 　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, our city has made great efforts to deepen the reform of social insurance, improve the urban and rural social security service system, optimize the social security management mode, realize the intelligentization of handling services, and promote the high-quality transformation of social insurance from all to the best.

　 　 　 　In 2012, the social security business system and financial system in our city were seamlessly connected, and the social security benefits payment business and financial accounting were integrated, thus improving the management level of social security funds in our city.

　 　 　 　In 2013, the image management of social security business archives was realized, and the social security business archives information management system was established to realize the seamless connection between archives management and business information system.

　 　 　 　In 2014, the city began to promote the application of social security cards in the old-age insurance for urban and rural residents, and took the lead in realizing the use of social security cards to distribute the old-age insurance benefits for urban and rural residents in the province.

　 　 　 　In 2016, the city comprehensively carried out the town-level handling of urban and rural residents’ endowment insurance business, established a town-village linkage service model for urban and rural residents’ endowment insurance, and took the lead in realizing the "dual-track" grassroots handling service of bank outlets and towns (streets) in the province.

　 　 　 　In 2017, Tangxia Town and Hengjiang Village in Pengjiang District were designated as the first batch of demonstration sites for grassroots service of centralized urban and rural residential insurance information system in the province.

　 　 　 　Since 2018, especially in terms of intelligent handling services, the city has fully realized the real-time settlement of medical insurance, maternity insurance medical expenses and industrial injury insurance medical expenses in Jiangmen. Fully realize the online settlement of medical expenses for hospitalization in different places. At present, the city has included 63 designated medical institutions for direct settlement of medical treatment in different places in the province, and 58 designated medical institutions for direct settlement of medical treatment in different provinces, covering all secondary and above designated medical institutions in the city and the first-level designated medical institutions with large demand for medical treatment in different places.

　 　 　 　During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the insured in our city settled the medical expenses of 100,000 person-times in different places in real time, and the total payment of the fund exceeded 1.5 billion yuan. Guided by the "blocking point" of the masses of enterprises, we will cancel all kinds of non-critical certification matters, simplify the business process, compress the time limit for handling affairs, and pilot the implementation of the notification commitment system for certification matters.

　 　 　During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, 48 items of certification materials were cancelled, the working time was reduced by 30%, and 17 items of commitment system were implemented. At the same time, the city also actively promoted the mobile application of high-frequency services for the convenience and benefit of enterprises in our city, and 28 high-frequency government services were integrated into the "Guangdong Province" applet.

　　 　For some time, the drought in many places in China has developed rapidly, superimposed with high temperature and heat damage, which has adversely affected the production and life of many people. A few days ago, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the Ministry of Water Resources, the Emergency Management Department and the China Meteorological Bureau jointly issued an urgent notice, demanding that the relevant areas do their best to prevent and reduce disasters, go all out to win the battle against high temperature, heat, drought and harvest of autumn grain, and clearly put forward that we should do everything possible to broaden drought-resistant water sources, strengthen the scientific dispatching management of water sources such as rivers, lakes and reservoirs, and strive to ensure the demand for agricultural irrigation water.

　　 　"Thirst" cannot be delayed, and ensuring people’s water use is the top priority. Allowing rural residents to drink "safe water" and "safe water" for a long time is the basic premise of getting rid of poverty, an important content of realizing rural revitalization, and the proper meaning of protecting farmers’ rights and interests. In addition, as the saying goes: "Spring drought is not a drought, and autumn drought is halved." To prevent the autumn grain from decreasing production, we must do our best to fight drought and win the battle of autumn grain harvest.

　　 　Earlier, the person in charge of the relevant departments of the Ministry of Water Resources said that the drinking water safety situation of rural people in drought-stricken areas had been comprehensively explored, so as not to miss one household or one person. It is an urgent and important task to solve the drinking water difficulties of urban and rural residents and let the people drink "safe water" and "safe water".

　　 　According to the news from all sides, many places have also acted quickly. From water storage and water conservation, to water replenishment, to water supply by turns and emergency water supply in sections and districts, in order to ensure the people’s water use. In addition, from opening up new water sources, to time-sharing water supply, and then to pulling water to deliver water, relevant local departments have also introduced targeted measures according to local conditions to minimize the impact of drought.

　　 　Some implement artificial precipitation enhancement to "quench thirst" for the land; Some are "well organized" to fight drought, and "big wells, small wells, deep wells and old wells are together"; Others mobilize scientific and technical personnel to show their strength at critical moments. For example, agricultural technicians help growers to use water sources such as wells, rivers, ponds and canals to replenish water for irrigation, timely topdressing panicle fertilizer, and strengthen pest control and monitoring. Drought resistance and bumper harvest, proper measures and comprehensive efforts can achieve great results.

　　 　It should also be noted that it is difficult to achieve the expected results by individual strength alone in dealing with this drought. Farmers everywhere took action spontaneously, and their spirit was commendable. However, it is necessary to unite the group to fight drought, especially the relevant departments should organize capable personnel, mobilize the forces of all parties, and form a huge and sustained joint force to maximize the effectiveness of drought relief. In this process, we must also fight drought scientifically, spend money on the cutting edge and use our strength in critical areas.

　　 　Drought resistance is not a matter of one department, but needs multi-department linkage. The emergency notice issued by the 4 departments this time reflects this point. The water conservancy department should strengthen the scientific dispatching management of rivers, lakes, reservoirs and other water sources, the emergency department should preset emergency response forces and materials and equipment for flood control and drought relief, the meteorological department should dispatch operational aircraft to the severely drought-stricken areas in time, and the agricultural and rural departments should further improve the technical guidance for fighting disasters and harvesting crops. While completing their own work, they should also hold hands with each other and strengthen linkage to better cope with this round of drought.

　　 　China is a country with frequent floods and droughts, and has accumulated rich experience in the long-term drought relief process. However, in the face of this rare serious drought, we must not be the slightest bit careless. It should be admitted that it is not easy to do a good job in drought early warning and strengthen risk management, but it does not mean that human beings can only do nothing. We should vigorously fill shortcomings, plug loopholes, and improve drought resistance, optimize drought resistance means with the greatest strength, and introduce advanced technology to effectively reduce the harm caused by drought.

　　 　Strengthening the prevention and control of natural disasters is related to the national economy and people’s livelihood, and to everyone’s life safety. Drought is the command. We should not only make strategic preparations for "fighting against severe drought and long drought", but also try our best to refresh more effective "fighting methods" in tactics, improve the drought-fighting effect and fully protect the national economy and people’s livelihood.

　　 　(Author: Wang Shichuan, a media commentator)

CCTV News:In March this year, the National Health Insurance Bureau promulgated the Interim Measures for the Administration of Flight Inspection of Medical Insurance Funds, which will be officially implemented on May 1. The Measures stipulate the starting conditions, inspection procedures and problem handling of flight inspection.

The flight inspection of medical insurance fund refers to the on-site supervision and inspection organized and implemented by the national and provincial medical insurance administrative departments, without informing the inspected objects such as designated medical institutions, medical insurance agencies and other institutions undertaking medical insurance business in advance.

　　　　　　 The "Measures" further clarified the starting conditions for flight inspection. The annual work plan and reporting clues, intelligent monitoring of medical insurance or big data screening analysis, news media exposure and other factors that reflect the major security risks of the fund can trigger flight inspection, highlighting the characteristics of focusing on key areas, key issues and key objects in flight inspection and focusing on solving typical, intractable, complex and regional problems in the medical insurance field, which is helpful for medical insurance departments to actively find problems and crack down on fraudulent insurance practices.

Multi-sectoral linkage forms a comprehensive regulatory force.

The flight inspection of medical insurance fund has a high degree of specialization, involving many departments. The Measures standardize the organization and implementation details of flight inspection, clarify the staffing of flight inspection and flight inspection team organized by medical insurance departments, and clearly promote the formation of a comprehensive supervision force linked by multiple departments.

　　　　　　 Medical insurance flight inspectors come from medical insurance, finance, health, Chinese medicine management and other departments as well as hospitals, information technology companies, insurance companies and other institutions. The "Measures" clarify that the medical security department establishes a communication mechanism with the departments of finance, health, market supervision, Chinese medicine, etc., and can jointly carry out flight inspections when necessary; The clues about the suspected functions of other departments found in flight inspection shall be transferred to relevant departments for handling according to regulations, and the relevant results of flight inspection may be notified to the departments at the same level when necessary. This mechanism will promote the formation of a multi-sectoral comprehensive supervision force led by flight inspection, realize multi-dimensional punishment for the illegal behaviors of the inspected objects, help to enhance the authority of inspection results, increase the impact of flight inspection, and will also more effectively guide designated medical institutions to strengthen self-discipline management, constantly standardize diagnosis and treatment behaviors and improve the efficiency of the use of medical insurance funds.

Accumulated illegal use of medical insurance funds was found to be more than 4.3 billion yuan.

As the people’s "medical money" and "life-saving money", the safe and stable operation of medical insurance fund is very important, which is related to the vital interests of every insured person. With its unique advantages, flight inspection "zero tolerance" has played an important role in curbing the irregular use of medical insurance funds and the problem of fraudulent insurance, and constructing the security system of medical insurance funds.

In recent years, the participation rate of basic medical insurance in China has remained above 95%, and the participation of the whole people is generally stable. The annual expenditure of medical insurance funds exceeds 2.4 trillion yuan, and medical security has effectively played a role in solving the worries of the people about seeing a doctor. Some designated medical institutions illegally use medical insurance funds through hanging bed hospitalization, illegal charges, swapping medical services, excessive diagnosis and treatment, etc. Some even maliciously defrauded the medical insurance fund by means of fictitious medical service items and inducing false medical treatment and drug purchase.

In 2019, the National Health Insurance Bureau began to explore the establishment of a flight inspection mechanism. In the following four years, it successively organized more than 180 flight inspection teams, randomly selected more than 380 designated medical institutions and nearly 150 other institutions, and found that the inspected institutions were suspected of illegally using the medical insurance fund for more than 4.3 billion yuan, which achieved positive results in deterring illegal activities and recovering fund losses. In 2022, more than 2,000 designated medical institutions were randomly selected by provincial flight inspection, and more than 2.2 billion yuan of medical insurance-related funds were recovered, making an important contribution to maintaining the security of medical insurance funds.

　　This "homework together" software has an option of "contributing to class learning beans", and parents can buy "learning beans" to contribute to class teaching. Usually, 10 yuan can buy more than 200 beans. Some parents are worried that this will lead to comparison psychology. At present, the software company said that it has closed the function of parents buying "learning beans".

　　Recently, Fangcao Primary School in High-tech Zone recommended downloading a software called "Working Together" to all students, through which students can finish their homework and get a reward called "Learning Bean" — — "Xuedou" can be exchanged for prizes such as stationery. However, apart from whether it affects children’s eyesight and encourages them to indulge in game disputes, a bigger controversy is passed on among parents: parents can spend money to buy "learning beans" and donate them to classes. Some parents are worried that this will lead to comparison psychology.

　　Parents can buy more than 200 "learning beans" in 10 yuan.

　　At about three o’clock on the afternoon of October 27th, parents who picked up students had gathered at the entrance of Fangcao Primary School in Chengdu High-tech Zone. Parents gathered in twos and threes to discuss the software "Working Together". "The school held an emergency meeting and has suspended the use of this software." A student’s parents told reporters that part of their children’s English and math homework is usually done in this software.

　　By searching the download address of the software, the software of "Working Together" is divided into teacher’s end, student’s end and parent’s end. The teacher arranges homework on the software, and the students finish homework on it. After the homework is submitted, the parents can see the completion and score of the whole homework.

　　"All three parties can get involved." A student’s parents said that at first, the teacher sent a link in the group, and then everyone downloaded it. Students mainly used their mobile phones or ipad to complete their homework.

　　According to students’ parents, students will be rewarded with "learning beans" issued by the system after completing their homework. Of course, teachers can also issue learning beans to reward students with good completion. According to the number of "learning beans", students can rank on the list of academic tyrants.

　　However, you can see in the parents’ client that there is an option of "contributing to class learning beans", where parents can buy "learning beans" and then contribute them to class teaching. Under normal circumstances, 10 yuan can buy more than 200 learning beans.

　　Some parents are worried that it will cause blind comparison.

　　"Parents can spend money to send learning beans to their teachers. Will it develop into ‘ Thanks to Xiaoming’s father for sending the rocket to the teacher ’ ！” A parent said this anonymously on the Internet. During the on-site interview, some parents also said that the teacher can see which parent donated "learning beans to the class", and it is not excluded that some parents will gain the teacher’s favor in this way, which will lead to blind comparison.

　　Yesterday, the reporter contacted the software customer service, and asked if the donated beans could be given to their children. The other party said that these beans were deposited in the teacher’s account and distributed by the teacher. "Of course, you can communicate with the teacher." The customer service added.

　　According to the relevant person in charge of the software company, at the beginning, teachers distributed learning beans all provided by the system, but the amount was limited. "Some parents put forward hope contributions ‘ Xuedou ’ Teach the class. " She said that this is why the software is equipped with the option of "contributing to the class to learn beans". However, "contributing to the class to learn beans" is a "black box" and parents cannot see whether they have bought this kind of "learning beans".

　　Software company: At present, the function of buying "learning beans" has been turned off.

　　Yesterday, the reporter came to the school and wanted to know about it. When he contacted the academic affairs office of the school twice, the relevant staff said that they didn’t know about it.

　　On the official WeChat of the school, the school replied to the parents. The school said that the school held an emergency meeting overnight, convened relevant teachers, parents’ representatives, and the person in charge and staff of "Work Together Information Technology Co., Ltd.", "launched an investigation".

　　According to the official WeChat reply, Miss Li, an English teacher at school, came across this APP software during a teaching and research activity, and thought that the platform was "flexible, interesting and interactive, especially it can timely feedback students’ learning effects, guide students to correct themselves and other functions, and it is free", so students are recommended to download this software in teaching, so that students can use their mobile phones to learn oral English for 5-10 minutes every day, listening, playing, reciting nursery rhymes and singing.

　　The reply of the school’s official WeChat also indicated that "teachers don’t know, and most parents don’t know" about the function of the software "parents buy learning beans to contribute to the class and reward students".

　　The official WeChat also said that "buying learning beans" is a business bound on the "parent client", which is mainly to open up a participation channel for parents. Parents only need to spend a little money to buy learning beans and increase the number of classes to reward students’ learning on the platform. According to software companies, the proportion and amount of parents’ behavior of "buying beans" are very low.

　　At the same time, the official WeChat said that it would suspend the use of this homework platform, and make a decision according to the opinions of all parents after the teachers and parents of these classes have fully communicated and discussed.

　　At the same time, the relevant person in charge of the software company said that at present, they have closed the function of parents "contributing to the class to learn beans".

　　Education expert: "learning beans" is unnecessary, gilding the lily.

　　After understanding the concept of "learning beans", education expert You Yong said, "It’s very awkward and unnecessary, which is really too utilitarian." He believes that in online software, parents’ intervention will weaken the sense of self-learning responsibility of children, which is also the performance of impetuous school management.

　　"In fact, the achievement itself is a reward." You Yongheng said that the adoption of this kind of software is only that the school is led by the software company, and the designer of the APP does not know much about education. In this process, the involvement of parents would have triggered a comparison, and some parents have invested in all aspects of their children. "More let nature take its course, less reward." He said that too many rewards are just gilding the lily.

　　Chengdu Business Daily reporter Huan Xiaohuai

　　Liu Yurui, Chief Reporter of Jimu News

　　On January 7, Xiaoman (a pseudonym), a 2-year-old girl from Liaocheng, Shandong Province, was still receiving treatment in the hospital.

　　A month ago, Xiaoman and his uncle attended the wedding banquet in the village. Unexpectedly, after returning home, Xiaoman showed symptoms of poisoning, and the hospital diagnosed it as tetramine poisoning.

　　While treating Xiaoman, he reported the case to find the murderer. But as a result, Xiaoman’s father couldn’t figure it out.

　　The police said that this was a criminal case of intentional homicide. The suspect is Xiaoman’s uncle.

　　Receipt of acceptance

　　Candy at the wedding banquet

　　Xiaoman lives in Chenmiao Village, Douhutun Town, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province. At the age of 2, she is deeply loved by her elders.

　　On December 9, 2021, Mr. Hua (a pseudonym), a villager in the same village, held a wedding banquet, and Xiaoman’s uncle took her with him.

　　Xiaoman was treated in the hospital.

　　Xiaoman’s father told Jimu journalist that an old man gave Xiaoman a candy that day. About 20 minutes after Xiaoman ate it, she developed symptoms of physical discomfort, and her uncle took her home. Unexpectedly, after returning home, Xiaoman began to have convulsions, foaming at the mouth, blue face and other symptoms, and was then sent to the Pediatric PICU of Liaocheng People’s Hospital for rescue.

　　Soon the results came out, and the medical certificate issued by the hospital showed that Xiaoman was poisoned by tetramine. According to the data, tetramine was listed as a banned pesticide by the former Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs as early as 2002 because it is highly toxic to humans and mammals and can cause secondary poisoning and environmental pollution.

　　Hospital diagnosis certificate

　　"The test results show that the content of tetramine in Xiaoman’s blood reached 876ng/ml." Mr. Man said that he immediately called the police.

　　Subsequently, after nearly 20 days of repeated transfer treatment, Xiaoman’s condition gradually stabilized. "My wife is a temporary teacher in kindergarten, who is mainly responsible for taking care of the safety of children." Mr. Man said that such a thing happened to his children, which was a great blow to his wife.

　　Xiaoman’s previous photos

　　The suspect is an uncle.

　　The filing notice shows that Dongchangfu Branch of Liaocheng Public Security Bureau has filed a case for investigation on December 10, 2021. The journalist noticed that the name of the case on the notice of filing was "12.09 intentional homicide".

　　At 9 o’clock on the evening of the 7 th, the journalist contacted the police investigating the case. He said that the case has been characterized as a criminal case, and the specific details are inconvenient to disclose.

　　Mr. Man recalled that on December 9, after Xiaoman was sent to the hospital, he found the candy wrapping paper that she had eaten that day in her daughter’s bag. "I gave the candy paper to the criminal police, and later they told me that there was something wrong with the candy." Mr. Man said.

　　The next day, the police found Mr. Man and told him that he had found the monitoring of the wedding banquet scene at the time of the incident. "I saw an old man acting suspiciously." Mr. Man said that he recognized it at that time. This is his uncle who lives near his home, that is, Xiaoman’s uncle.

　　"At that time, we couldn’t believe it, because even if we had contradictions, it was just trivial things." Mr. Man said that his family and uncle had a small dispute because of the trend of water pipes before, but he never thought that these were enough for him to poison Xiaoman.

　　Notice of filing

　　At present, the case is still under investigation by the local police. Xiaoman has been transferred to Shandong Provincial Hospital for rehabilitation treatment. "Now I can open my eyes." Mr. Man said that the previous treatment has cost nearly 150,000 yuan, and the future treatment of Xiaoman is conservatively estimated to need 100,000 yuan.

　　Mr. Man told reporters that the doctor also said that Xiaoman may not be able to fully recover. "There is a little hope, and we also want to try it." Mr. Man said.

Near the college entrance examination, how to fill in the volunteers must be a tangled problem for many students. Today, we share with two professors, one is Professor A from Peking University, who returned to the United States, and the other is Professor B from the Third Hospital of Beijing Medical University, who is trained in China, their personal feelings of many years of medical professional study and research, so as to open the thinking space for students to fill in their volunteers.

Question 1: There are many medical disciplines. If you help your child to fill in the volunteers, what major do you want to choose?

Professor A: Depending on the child’s talent, it is recommended to study basic medicine or clinical medicine. General talent, studying clinical medicine; If the talent is very general, it is best not to study medicine.

Professor B: I will choose clinical medicine.

Judging from the number of disciplines and specialties in China, medicine ranks third except engineering and science. Its first-level disciplines include basic medicine, clinical medicine, stomatology, public health and preventive science, traditional Chinese medicine, integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine, pharmacy, special medicine, medical technology and nursing, and there are several specialties under it. To fill in the volunteer professional choice, candidates should not only look at their own interests, but also their own abilities.

Question 2: Would you choose Chinese medicine or western medicine for your child?

Professor A: Western medicine is good, but Chinese medicine is not excluded.

Professor b: western medicine.

It’s very interesting. The two of you basically agree and are very concise. Here, candidates are reminded that when they choose Chinese medicine or western medicine, they still need to make a decision according to their own situation and hobbies.

Question 3: What do you think of studying medicine for employment?

Professor A: In the long run, the medical profession will not be unemployed.

Professor B: At present, there is a dilemma in the employment of medical majors, that is, large hospitals are difficult to find jobs and small hospitals are unwilling to go. Generally speaking, the employment prospects of medical majors are not very optimistic.

Your views are somewhat different. It is difficult to study medicine and obtain employment, which is largely subject to the problem of system construction. As long as you put yourself in the right position, as a doctor, you won’t worry about your basic life and development. Last month, we went to Hiroshima, Japan for academic exchange, and found that there was a specialized hospital with only a few rooms every 200 meters on the street, which was popularly called a community hospital. Patients go to big hospitals only when they are seriously ill, while ordinary diseases go directly to community hospitals. If a large number of community hospitals are set up in China, it will not only solve the contradiction between doctors and patients, but also make full employment for medical students, and effectively use hospital resources and reduce medical expenses.

Question 4: Do you need to have good basic knowledge of science such as mathematics to study medicine?

Professor A: Yes. Medicine is a comprehensive subject based on mathematics, physics, chemistry and biology.

Professor B: You don’t have to.

Whether you need basic knowledge of science, such as mathematics, depends on which major you choose in the medical discipline. Therefore, candidates must know something about the courses of the selected major when filling in their volunteers.

Question 5: Do you have any suggestions for students who choose to study medicine?

Professor A: Good moral quality, good health and good brain.

Professor B: To be a doctor, not a doctor, you should pay attention to studying medical history.

Studying medicine is not only to learn medical technology, but also to have love and awe of the profession, otherwise it is impossible to become a good doctor.

Summary: As for the candidates’ volunteering, first, they should be considered comprehensively in combination with their own interests and college entrance examination scores. When choosing a volunteer, you should put your interests and hobbies in the first place. However, due to the limitation of scores, the medical school reported in the college entrance examination may not be ideal, but in the future, you can "save the country by curve" and go to your ideal university. Second, you must not be eager for quick success and instant benefit when filling in your volunteers. Employment and income must be considered when filling in volunteers, but they cannot be put in the first place. The development of the industry may be "thirty years in the east and thirty years in the west". It should not be the choice of ambitious people to fill in the college entrance examination volunteers only considering the immediate interests.

(The author is a member of Hong Chengwen’s team at the Institute of Higher Education, Department of Education, Beijing Normal University)

The hygienic problem of lunch in Wumalu Primary School in Nankai District of Tianjin has attracted the attention of many parents in recent days. Some parents of students said that they saw the clothes and food delivery tools of the food delivery staff dirty; It was also said that Weibo said that "the pail delivering rice is like a trash can", and the rice is a "grayish yellow" old rice.

On the evening of October 21st, Weibo’s account @ Tianjin Education Nankai released a message saying that investigation procedures had been initiated for related incidents. On the 22nd, the person in charge of the Propaganda Department of Nankai District Education Bureau confirmed to The Paper (www.thepaper.cn) that Weibo was the official Weibo, and the incident is currently under investigation. It is expected that the inspection results of food residues will be available in five days, and the relevant situation will be monitored in real time.

On the previous October 20th, some parents received a message sent by the teacher of Wumalu Primary School through "Micro School Cloud", saying that the news about online school lunch was not true, and the school would solve the matter as soon as possible to eliminate parents’ doubts.

On October 22, The Paper called Wumalu Primary School to understand the situation. The staff of the school said: "I don’t know about this."

Parents: I feel "worried" when I see that the school lunch is not clean.

"Dirty and disgusting" is the most frequently used word when Nini’s father described to The Paper the lunch he had seen in Wumalu Primary School. He said that if he hadn’t seen the school food delivery with his own eyes about a month ago, he would still think that Nini, who was mumbling "the school food is not delicious", was picky about food.

Nini’s father told The Paper that because he was busy at work and the primary school finished school early in the afternoon, it was inconvenient to pick up and drop off at noon, so he chose to let his children have lunch at school, with 10 yuan for each meal and 160 yuan for one month. Most children in their class eat at school, and only three or four students in a class are picked up by their parents at noon.

But one noon a month ago, when I went to school to give something to my children, Nini’s father happened to see something that made him "worried". "The children’s food is put in plastic buckets and exposed. The clothes worn by the food delivery staff are not clean, and the masks are not worn. The gloves are as dirty as the repaired bicycles." Nini’s father said that when he watched the caterer alternately deliver plastic buckets, he felt that "this is not a food delivery, like a kitchen collecting slops."

Not only the food delivery, but also many parents told The Paper that there were problems with the food, including the lunch box. "The blue plastic lunch box used by the school, the child said it was dirty and didn’t brush it clean. The soup is cold, has a strange smell, and the rice grains are yellow. The children can’t eat it every time they take a few bites. "

"My child once ate a pencil-sharpened skin" and "My child once came back with a stomachache after eating" … Since parents exposed the problem of "unclean" school lunch on the Internet on October 20th, many parents of Wumalu primary school students set up "lunch improvement groups" and began to talk about their children’s problems in eating at school one after another, and some senior parents reported that the problem has been around for a long time.

"I have seen it before and I want to give advice to the school, but maybe my parents are not happy." Dongdong’s mother said. Some parents are also worried that if school problems are reported, "it may affect children."

After someone posted on the Internet, some parents received a notice sent by Wumalu Primary School through "Micro School Cloud": "Dear parents, the news about online school lunch is not true. Please treat it rationally and don’t blindly follow suit. Our lunch hygiene is guaranteed. Child safety is always the first priority, and the school will solve this matter as soon as possible to eliminate parents’ doubts. "

District Education Bureau: The investigation is under way, and the food residue samples have been sent to the CDC for inspection.

In response to this matter, on October 22, the head of the Propaganda Department of Nankai District Education Bureau of Tianjin replied to The Paper, saying that the city and the district attached great importance to this matter, and the leaders in charge of the bureau had also rushed to the scene to direct and coordinate the follow-up work, and the matter was under investigation.

"We have sent the remaining samples to the District CDC for inspection in time, and it is expected that the inspection results will be available in 5 days. At the same time, the person in charge of the catering company has also communicated face-to-face with the parents, explaining the questions raised by the parents and the workflow. " The above-mentioned person in charge pointed out that the parents expressed their approval at present.

Regarding whether the catering enterprise of the school has relevant qualifications and whether the license is complete, the person in charge said that it was "complete with the license" after verification. "The catering enterprise was selected through collective discussion by the school family committee and in the process of public bidding for short-listed enterprises, and it has A-level qualification, business license, business license, A-level demonstration unit certificate and other relevant inspection reports within the validity period." The person in charge said.

Although the licenses are complete, the hygiene situation still raises questions. To this end, the person in charge said that in order to make students eat safely, the school also decided to hire parents’ representatives as business supervisors to supervise the school’s food delivery process and increase the transparency of the food delivery process.

At the same time, the Education Bureau of Nankai District of Tianjin will also coordinate with the market supervision department to strengthen the supervision and inspection of the purchase channels and procurement links of off-campus catering enterprises shortlisted by public bidding, and require all catering enterprises in primary and secondary schools in the whole region to disclose their public numbers to their parents, and timely release the enterprise dynamics and daily catering situation. The District Education Bureau will also deploy and implement the "Student Meal-Parent Obligation Supervisor Mechanism".

"The next treatment will depend on the results of the test report, and the district education bureau will supervise it in real time." The person in charge said.

According to public reports, due to school food safety accidents in Wan ‘an, Jiangxi, Luoyang, Henan, Shuanghu, Tibet and other places, in September this year, the Ministry of Education issued an urgent notice, demanding immediate investigation of hidden dangers of school food safety, implementation of school food safety management regulations, and strengthening school food safety supervision and inspection. At the same time, the completion of the "Regulations on the Safety Management of Centralized Dining Food in Schools" has also been included in the work points of the Ministry of Education in 2018.

　　According to the website of the General Administration of Market Supervision, recently, the General Administration of Market Supervision issued Announcement No.32 in 2022, approving the promulgation and implementation of 24 national metrology technical specifications such as Verification Regulation of Liquid Piston Pressure Gauges.　

　　In the field of radio metrology, JJF 1286— 2022 "Calibration Specification for Wireless Channel Simulator" focuses on revising the calibration methods of path delay and path loss, increasing the calibration of maximum Doppler frequency shift, and providing technical basis for the calibration of wireless channel simulators in aerospace and aviation industries. Revised and released JJF 1982— 2022 《 Level Oscillator Calibration Specification 》, the upper frequency limit of test signal is extended to 150MHz, and the output impedance is also extended. In the calibration method, both the new digital indicating level oscillator and the traditional pointer level oscillator are taken into account. Revised and released JJF 1238— In 2022, in order to adapt to the changes of relevant international test standards, the calibration of discharge waveform of machine model and latch model was added, and the calibration method of integrated circuit electrostatic discharge test equipment was improved. Formulate and issue JJF 1983— 2022 "Calibration Specification for High-definition Video Signal Analyzer", the high-definition video signal analyzer is a special test instrument for standard compliance test and conformity inspection of high-definition video equipment and video terminal equipment, which is widely used by high-definition video equipment manufacturers and quality inspection institutions. The formulation and release of this specification provides metrological technical support for the development of high-definition video industry.　

　　In the field of pressure measurement, JJG 59— 2022 Verification Regulation of Liquid Piston Pressure Gauge redefines the measurement range and accuracy grade, puts forward the verification requirements of pressure deformation coefficient, clarifies the actual measurement of gravity acceleration, and improves the verification methods and technical indicators. Revised and released JJG 241— 2022 Verification Regulation of Precision Cup-shaped and U-shaped Liquid Pressure Gauges, which is widely used in precision machining, pressure (leakage rate) measurement in aerospace industry, leakage research and other fields, this revision has improved the technical index requirements of some standards used in accuracy grade verification. Formulate and issue JJF 1986— 2022 "Calibration Specification for Differential Pressure Air-tight Leak Detector" clearly stipulates the calibration items, calibration methods and standard selection of this kind of instrument. The calibration items cover the main measurement performance, and the calibration methods are close to the actual working state of the instrument. Formulate and issue JJF 1987— 2022 "Calibration Specification for Air Data Testers" changes the current situation that there is no calibration specification for this type of instruments in China, improves the measurement ability of flight parameters of aviation aircraft, reduces the probability of aviation accident symptoms, improves the dispatch rate and attendance rate of airlines, and serves to ensure the civil aviation transportation industry.　

　　In the field of temperature measurement, JJF 1991— 2022 Calibration Specification for Short Low-cost Metal Thermocouples, which are widely used in aerospace, petrochemical and other fields, are commonly used temperature sensors. The specification mainly includes measurement characteristics, calibration conditions, calibration items, calibration methods and examples of measurement uncertainty evaluation, which provides technical basis for the calibration of short-type cheap metal thermocouples.　

　　In the field of optical metrology, JJF 1988— 2022 Calibration Specification for Communication Signal Analyzer, which is used to test the performance indexes of optical transmitter and pluggable optical transceiver module in optical communication system. The formulation and publication of this specification create favorable conditions for effectively carrying out the traceability of values. Formulate and issue JJF 1989— 2022 "Calibration Specification for Spectral Illuminator" clarifies the measurement characteristics, calibration conditions and calibration methods of spectral illuminators, supports the quality inspection of electric light source products, and promotes the high-quality development of electric light source, display and other industries. Formulate and issue JJF 1990— 2022 "Calibration Specification for Integrating Sphere Standard Light Source", integrating sphere standard light source is a common instrument for calibrating spectral radiometers, luminance meters and area array detectors. The formulation and publication of this specification effectively guarantees the accuracy and reliability of spectral radiation, luminosity and chromaticity in related fields.　

　　In the field of electromagnetic metrology, JJG 126— 2022 Verification Regulation of Power Frequency AC Electric Quantity Measuring Transmitter, this revision improves the applicability of the regulation, solves the problem of value transmission of new digital output transmitter, and helps to ensure the safe operation in smart cities, intelligent manufacturing, automatic control and other fields. Revised and released JJG 982— 2022 Verification Regulation of DC Resistance Box, this revision broadens the scope of application, adjusts the annual stability assessment scope, simplifies the verification method of switch variation, highlights the scientificity, rationality and applicability of verification items and methods, and improves the verification efficiency while ensuring the accuracy and reliability of verification conclusions. Formulate and issue JJG 1186— 2022 Verification Regulation of Verification Device of DC Watt-hour Meter, DC Watt-hour Meter Verification Device, as an important testing equipment of DC Watt-hour Meter, is directly related to the accuracy and reliability of DC energy measurement. The formulation and publication of this specification provides a basis for the verification of DC Watt-hour Meter Verification Device and provides technical support for DC energy measurement in electric vehicles, solar power generation and other fields. Formulate and issue JJF 1985— 2022 "Calibration Specification for Welding Power Supply of DC Electric Welding Machine", the welding power supply of DC electric welding machine is a device that provides output characteristics, and the accuracy of its measurement characteristics directly affects the quality of welding products. The formulation and publication of this specification plays a positive role in improving the quality of welding products and ensuring the safety of related personnel and property.　

　　In the field of high voltage measurement, JJF 1995— 2022 Calibration Specification for Electronic Transformer Calibrator, the electronic transformer calibrator is a special instrument for calibrating electronic transformers, which is widely used by transformer manufacturers and power grid construction units. The formulation and publication of this specification has solved the long-standing problem of the lack of unified traceability method for digital values of electronic transformers, further supported the inspection and testing of electronic transformer products, and provided measurement guarantee for the construction of new power systems.　

　　In the field of time and frequency measurement, JJG 601— 2022 "Verification Regulation of Time Verification Instrument", time verification instrument is a multifunctional and comprehensive time verification equipment. This revision provides a more scientific and reasonable technical basis, thus ensuring the accuracy and reliability of time-frequency working measuring instruments. Revised and released JJF 1984— 2022 "Calibration Specification for Quartz Crystal Oscillators in Electronic Measuring Instruments", quartz crystal oscillators are generally used as the frequency source for generating signals in electronic measuring instruments. This revision proposes calibration methods for measuring characteristics such as relative frequency deviation and frequency stability, which provides scientific and standardized test basis for quartz crystal oscillators in electronic measuring instruments and ensures accurate and reliable transmission of frequency values.　

　　In the field of meteorological metrology, JJF 1992— 2022 "Calibration Specification for Long-wave Radiation Meter" calibrates the measurement characteristics such as the sensitivity of analog output long-wave radiation meter and the correction coefficient of digital output long-wave radiation meter, thus effectively ensuring the accurate measurement of long-wave radiation and net total radiation. The formulation and publication of this specification provides a scientific and unified basis for the traceability and performance evaluation of long-wave radiation meters.　

　　In the field of energy measurement, JJF 1993— 2022 Technical Specification for Energy Measurement of Natural Gas, energy measurement is the main way of international natural gas trade handover, which is fully integrated with national standards. According to three different ways of calorific value determination (online determination, offline determination and assignment), the uncertainty calculation method of natural gas energy is given. This specification can be used as the basis for the evaluation and acceptance of natural gas energy metering system by metering technology institutions and the supervision and inspection by government departments, and can also be used as a reference for energy metering management of users such as oil and gas companies.　

　　In the field of energy efficiency measurement, JJF 1994— 2022 Calibration Specification for Energy Efficiency (Performance) Measuring Devices of Refrigerators, JJF 1261.27— 2022 Rules for Measuring and Testing Projector Energy Efficiency, revised and released JJF 1261.6— 2022 Rules for Measuring and Testing Energy Efficiency of Computer Monitors. The energy efficiency (performance) measuring device for refrigerators is the main measuring equipment for refrigerator performance parameters. The formulation and publication of this specification will accelerate the realization of accurate and consistent measurement data between testing institutions and production enterprises, and play a positive role in standardizing the labeling of energy efficiency labels for refrigerator products and even the development of refrigerator industry. Projectors and computer monitors are widely used as office and learning equipment, which is of great significance for energy saving. This revision includes the measurement requirements, testing conditions, testing items and methods, testing results evaluation criteria, testing reports and other contents of energy efficiency of related products. While guiding consumers to buy energy-efficient products, it encourages manufacturers to increase research and development efforts and enhance consumers’ experience.　

　　The above 24 national metrology technical specifications were formally implemented on March 26th, 2023.