Professor Yang Xichuan, Original Professor of Xichuan Xiaoliang Dermatology

| Editing/Typesetting: Fanny Editor: kiki&Jeing Audit: Li Yun

Fact is stranger than fiction. There are thousands of diseases in the world, which are particularly strange and rare?

Today, Xiao Liang, a boy♂ who is keen on studying the mysteries of the body, will take you close to science and learn about four bizarre and rare human diseases that may be unknown to 90% people (strange knowledge has increased again).

Please note that there is continuous high energy ahead, and timid students should be careful ~

NO.1 Shuren disease: hands and feet are covered with "branches and roots"

I’m sure you’ve all heard about vegetative state, but have you ever heard of Shuren? What do you think of first? The cute Groot in Marvel Comics’s movies?

(Source: dribbble/Hancooock)

The tree people in the movie can love each other, but in real life, the "tree people" have to suffer from "tree people’s disease".

Shuren’s disease, medically known as "epidermodysplasia verrucosa", is a rare hereditary skin disease caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, which may be related to gene mutation. It usually begins between the ages of 4 and 8, and most often begins before the age of 20.

People with Shuren’s disease usually grow many sarcomas, maculae and papules that look like branches and roots on their hands and feet, which not only affect the appearance, but also make it inconvenient for daily life, and also turn into skin cancer with high winds.

(Indonesian man suffering from Shuren disease)

Unfortunately, there is no unified and effective solution to this disease at present. Some studies think that retinoids can improve it to some extent. In addition, patients should avoid excessive sun exposure, and if they are prone to cancer, they should be operated immediately or removed by other methods.

NO.2 Premature senility: 7-year-old age and 70-year-old appearance

Anti-aging is the pursuit of many people. Who doesn’t want to be younger and more energetic every year? However, in this world, some people actually get old and even die early at a young age because of a rare genetic disease-premature senility.

Art comes from life. It is said that the film "The Curious Case of Benjamin Button" (also known as "Rejuvenation") may be inspired by premature senility, but the time sequence is reversed. The hero of the film looks like an old man of 70 or 80 at birth. As time goes by, the people around him are getting older, but he is rejuvenating, getting younger and younger, and finally returning to the baby form and dying in the arms of an old lover.

(Source: Movie "The Curious Case of Benjamin Button")

If the protagonist’s life is a bizarre movie, then in reality, patients with premature senility live a life like pressing the acceleration button, aging faster than their peers, feeling the rapid failure of every body organ every day, and dying before they bloom.

There are some heartbreaking facts about premature senility:

● Premature senility in adults: Patients usually develop normally before puberty. At the age of 20-30, they begin to have aging characteristics such as skin wrinkles, muscle atrophy, gray hair and shedding, and the average age of death is 47 years old.

● Premature senility in children: The patient is normal at birth, but after birth, the appearance and body organs will accelerate the aging and decline, and with the increase of age, he will suffer from various diseases such as cardiovascular disease, and the average age of death is only 13 years old.

(patients with premature senility)

NO.3 Vampire: You can only live in darkness.

Legend has it that there are zombies in the East and vampires in the West. Speaking of vampires, you may think of the handsome "ghosts" of noble Leng Yan in film and television dramas. In real life, many people are willing to believe that vampires exist in some corner of the world, but in the medical field, "vampires" really may exist, and they are porphyria patients.

You can slide left and right to view the picture, but it is recommended to slide carefully!

Porphyrin (bD lí n) disease is a rare metabolic disease caused by the lack of enzyme activity in heme biosynthesis pathway, which leads to abnormal increase of porphyrin or its precursor concentration and accumulation in tissues, resulting in cell damage. In 2020, experts in the diagnosis and treatment of porphyria agreed to divide porphyria into the following categories:

(Source: Literature [4])

When the medical profession knew nothing about porphyria hundreds of years ago, patients with porphyria were often considered as legendary vampires, which may be because some symptoms of porphyria are very similar to the image of vampires.

photophobia

People suffering from porphyria will be as afraid to be exposed to the sun as vampires, because they will get sick when they see light, and their skin will have photosensitive reaction, blisters, scars, deformities, etc., and in severe cases, they may be accompanied by the loss of fingers, eyelids, nose and ears.

"bloodthirsty"

Unlike vampires who directly suck people’s necks to drink blood, porphyria patients are "bloodthirsty" by blood transfusion to achieve treatment and relief.

Look different from ordinary people

The high level of porphyrin in red blood cells of patients with porphyria can lead to hemolysis, and severe hemolysis often leads to anemia, so it may cause pallor.

However, people with congenital erythropoietic porphyria will show red or brown color in their teeth, bones and urine due to excessive porphyrin, and they will fluoresce when exposed to ultraviolet rays, which really looks a bit like vampires who have just eaten their children.

NO.4 werewolf syndrome: a real hairy child

Everyone has Mao Mao, but people with werewolf syndrome have a lot of Mao Mao.

However, this werewolf is not a werewolf. The so-called werewolf syndrome actually refers to "congenital systemic hirsutism". The patient’s whole body is covered with thick hair, which is beyond the normal physiological range of the same age, gender and race, and seems to be the image of a werewolf in our impression. In addition to excessive hair, it is usually accompanied by facial deformities.

(Source: Literature [6])

The prevalence rate of werewolf syndrome is extremely low, and it was once considered as an "atavism" phenomenon. However, at present, most studies believe that patients suffer from this disease because of unknown genetic defects.

Patients with the above diseases are often noticed by people in their daily lives because of their abnormal appearance, but who doesn’t want to be healthy and safe in life, and who would like to do so if they could start over.

When you meet them in your life, please be less discriminating and misunderstanding, and more understanding and kindness. I also hope that medical technology will be more developed in the future, so that these special patients can get better treatment and return to ordinary people’s lives.

[References]

[1]Agharbi FZ. Epidermodysplasie verruciforme: à propos d’un cas [Epidermodysplasia verruciformis: about a case]. Pan Afr Med J. 2018 May 29; 30:78. French. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2018.30.78.16058. PMID: 30344862; PMCID: PMC6191268.

Yang Hui, Liu Wan, Chang Jianmin. Verrucous epidermal dysplasia [J]. Journal of Clinical Dermatology, 2015:13-14.

Wang Zehua, Li Hongyu, Qu Jing, Zhang Weiqi, Liu Guanghui. Pathogenesis and intervention methods of human premature senility [J]. Progress in biochemistry and biophysics, 2018,45(09):926-934.

[4] Erythrocyte Disease (Anemia) Group, Hematology Branch, Chinese Medical Association. Expert Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Porphyrin Disease in China (2020) [J]. Chinese Medical Journal, 2020,100 (14): 1051-1056.

[5]Pavone P, Praticò AD, Falsaperla R, Ruggieri M, Zollino M, Corsello G, Neri G. Congenital generalized hypertrichosis: the skin as a clue to complex malformation syndromes. Ital J Pediatr. 2015 Aug 5; 41:55. doi: 10.1186/s13052-015-0161-3. PMID: 26242548; PMCID: PMC4526284.

[6]Sun M, Li N, Dong W, Chen Z, Liu Q, Xu Y, He G, Shi Y, Li X, Hao J, Luo Y, Shang D, Lv D, Ma F, Zhang D, Hua R, Lu C, Wen Y, Cao L, Irvine AD, McLean WH, Dong Q, Wang MR, Yu J, He L, Lo WH, Zhang X. Copy-number mutations on chromosome 17q24.2-q24.3 in congenital generalized hypertrichosis terminalis with or without gingival hyperplasia. Am J Hum Genet. 2009 Jun; 84(6):807-13. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.04.018. Epub 2009 May 21. PMID: 19463983; PMCID: PMC2694973.

[disclaimer]

The data in this article was updated on May 14th, 2021.

It was originally written by Professor Yang Xichuan, a dermatologist, aiming at popularizing science for readers.

Popular science content can not replace doctors’ diagnosis and treatment opinions, and is for reference only.

If you have skin problems, please consult a doctor in time.

Some pictures are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete them.

Cover image source: blurrr

Read the original text

　　China Overseas Chinese Network March 1st Issue: From March, these new regulations will affect the lives of overseas Chinese!

　　The season has passed the rain, and Miss Chun’s footsteps are getting closer and closer. Looking around, maybe it’s still "the grass looks close but there is nothing", but I believe that "the branches of red apricots are full of spring" is not far away.

　　A year’s plan starts with spring. Xiaoqiao first wishes everyone a good start, a good step and a full and wonderful 2019.

　　In March, what major events are about to happen? What new rules will affect the lives of overseas Chinese? Xiao Qiao will show you below.

　　March event: the two sessions of the National People’s Congress are about to start.

　　The second session of the 13th National People’s Congress and the second session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference will be held in Beijing on March 5 and March 3, 2019, respectively.

　　At that time, NPC deputies and CPPCC members from all walks of life will shoulder great trust and discuss the country. Overseas Chinese from all over the world will also come to Beijing, the capital, to give voice to the overseas Chinese community at the meeting. (detailed)

　　Overseas Chinese concern

　　In 2019, the joint enrollment of Jida and Huada was launched.

　　The Admissions Office of Jinan University recently announced the registration instructions for the 2019 Guangzhou entrance examination for students from Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan Province, overseas Chinese, Chinese and other foreign countries jointly enrolled by Jinan University and Huaqiao University.

　　Eligible candidates can make online name prediction from March 1st to March 29th.

　　112 colleges and universities in the Mainland will enroll Hong Kong students online in advance from March.

　　According to the Hong Kong Business Daily, the Hong Kong Education Bureau announced on the 25th that 112 institutions of higher learning in the Mainland participating in the enrollment plan for Hong Kong students without examination will accept online pre-registration from March 1st. Well-known art schools, such as the Central Conservatory of Music, the Central Academy of Drama and the Central Academy of Fine Arts, have been added, and famous institutions such as Peking University, Tsinghua University and Fudan University are also on the list.

　　According to the enrollment procedure in 2019, colleges and universities can arrange interviews according to candidates’ application materials, and announce the admission list online in late July.

　　China and Algeria will exempt each other from diplomatic visas.

　　After the entry into force of the agreement, China citizens with valid diplomatic and official passports from China will be exempted from visas and can stay for no more than 90 days every 180 days from the date of entry.

　　Those who intend to enter Algeria for work, study, settlement, news reporting and other activities that require the prior approval of the competent authorities of the country should complete the relevant visas before entering Algeria.

　　Thailand will launch e-visa

　　On March 1st, Thailand’s e-visa system will be extended to the consulates general of Thailand in various cities in China, and China citizens who need to travel to Thailand can fill in and submit visa applications online at any time and place through the Internet.

　　After obtaining the online examination and approval from the Immigration Bureau of Thailand, tourists can quickly enter the country from the electronic visa-on-arrival channel with their passports.

　　New domestic regulations

　　Tax reduction of rare disease drugs

　　In order to encourage the development of the pharmaceutical industry with rare diseases and reduce the cost of patients’ medication, the Ministry of Finance, the General Administration of Customs, the State Administration of Taxation and the Food and Drug Administration jointly issued a notice to reduce the value-added tax on the first batch of 21 drugs with rare diseases and 4 APIs by 3% from March 1.

　　New pilot of vocational education reform

　　The Ministry of Education plans to launch a pilot system of "academic certificate+vocational skill level certificate" in vocational colleges and applied undergraduate colleges from March, and encourage students to actively obtain various vocational skill level certificates while obtaining academic certificates; Students choose to participate in vocational skill level certificate training and assessment independently, which is not a restrictive condition for graduation.

　　Activate the new business license

　　The General Administration of Market Supervision issued a notice to activate the new business license from March 1st. The new license maintains the eight formats of the original license; Increase the function of two-dimensional code to facilitate all sectors of society to understand the situation of market players; For the market subject who has received the new paper business license, it is necessary to simultaneously generate the new electronic business license and store it in the electronic business license database.

　　It is more convenient to tax and invoice.

　　In order to optimize the business environment, the State Administration of Taxation decided to further expand the pilot scope of issuing special VAT invoices by small-scale taxpayers from March 1, and to include leasing and business services, scientific research and technical services, residents’ services, repairs and other services. At the same time, the scope of taxpayers who cancel the VAT invoice certification will be extended to all general taxpayers.

　　Implementation of that new patent agency regulation

　　The revised Patent Agency Regulations will come into force on March 1st. The regulations optimize the business environment and relax the access conditions for patent agents and agencies; Improve the way of inspection and supervision, strengthen the supervision of patent agency activities during and after the event: increase the convenience and benefit of the people, and improve the efficiency of patent services.

　　Local scanning

　　Shanghai: Unsold parking spaces in residential areas cannot be sold without rent.

　　The revised "Shanghai Residential Property Management Regulations" will be implemented on March 1. The new regulations make it clear that the parking spaces that have not been sold by the construction unit should be leased to the owners and users to park their vehicles, and they should not refuse to rent them on the grounds that they are only for sale but not for rent; Encourage owners and surrounding units of residential quarters to share parking resources through consultation.

　　Sichuan: Medical insurance for urban workers can be shared with their families.

　　From March 1st, Sichuan Province will implement the new policy of personal account for urban workers’ basic medical insurance, and the personal account funds will be used by their spouses, parents and children of both husband and wife in addition to the employees’ own use, so as to realize the mutual help of family members.

　　Guangdong: Motor vehicles will be restricted in foggy days.

　　The Regulations on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution in Guangdong Province came into effect on March 1st. The regulations make it clear that some motor vehicles can be restricted when facing heavy polluted weather; The municipal government at or above the prefecture level may, according to the needs of air pollution prevention and control, take measures such as restricting traffic to eliminate high-emission vehicles.

　　Macau: It is forbidden to carry a 30cm selfie stick with you at the airport.

　　From March 1st, Macau International Airport will not allow passengers to bring the following kinds or quantities of articles into the cabin or airport security restricted area in the form of carry-on or hand luggage, including baseball/softball bats and cricket bats, fishing rods, cameras over 30cm after being folded, video tripods, monopods and selfie sticks.

　　These days are worth noting.

　　March 5: Zhou Enlai’s birthday anniversary

　　March 5th: "Learning from Comrade Lei Feng" Memorial Day

　　March 8: International Women’s Day

　　March 12th: the anniversary of Sun Yat-sen’s death

　　March 12th: Arbor Day in China.

　　March 15th: International Consumer Rights Day

　　March 21st: International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination

　　March 21st: World Sleep Day

　　(Source: China Overseas Chinese Network official WeChat, Author: Ran Wenjuan, ID: qiaowangzhongguo)

Five blind people with special skills are playing cards. Jiang Yuejun

　　Others don’t let their opponents see the cards when they play cards, but they don’t: some of the cards in their hands are facing up and some are facing down, and they always tilt their heads and lean sideways when playing cards, and their hands are constantly pinching the cards, while they are "listening" with rapt attention … This is the scene that the reporter saw five blind people playing cards in Fangjia, Yang Qiu, a villager in Hanyangwang Village, Danyang City yesterday. Yang Qiufang, a blind man, told reporters that they all play cards by "touching" with their hands, "listening" with their ears and "remembering" with their hearts, but the most important thing is to trust each other and never cheat. It is because of this honesty that five blind people get great happiness from it.

　　Special skills are more magical than magic.

　　"Blind people can’t see, how can they play cards?" With curiosity, the reporter came to the home of Yang Qiufang, a blind man in Hanyangwang Village, Houxiang Town, Danyang yesterday morning. As soon as he entered the door, he saw five blind people sitting around playing "four hits one (a local poker game)".

　　The reporter saw at the scene that in order to ensure the speed, a villager was responsible for licensing them, and five blind people were in no hurry, touching them one by one and holding them in their hands. The reporter found that when they got the card, the thumbs of the five blind people touched the top of the card, and then they were sandwiched between five fingers according to the number and color, and the card was smooth, and the speed was not much slower than that of the healthy people.

　　"Three’ 4′ band pairs’ 6′!" A blind man in his 50 s sitting by the door played cards, and another blind man sitting below immediately drew five cards and said, "Three’ K’ s are paired with’ 3’"; "Bomb, four’ 7′!" The blind man by the door brushed the ground and threw out four cards … Although the five blind people couldn’t see the cards thrown out by the other side, they were very quick-witted, and played with relish with the particularly loud shouting. It’s hard to imagine that they couldn’t see at all if they weren’t at the scene.

　　The reporter was puzzled. After obtaining the consent of 76-year-old Ge Yunliang, the reporter took the cards in his hand. The scene in front of him shocked the reporter. The cards were arranged in order of size, and the cards of the same color were neatly put together, which was not chaotic at all. Its magic is comparable to Liu Qian’s magic.

　　A new deck of cards can be mastered in three days.

　　The reporter also touched it with his fingers, feeling that the numbers and colors on the card were not concave and convex at all, not Braille cards, and he couldn’t feel it when he touched it. Closing his eyes was more like touching a piece of paper. How do these five completely blind people "recognize cards"? On what basis can you make a judgment quickly?

　　The reporter asked what the trick was, and they said, tell you, you can’t touch it. Don’t say that you are a normal person, even other blind people can’t touch it. The reporter observed at the scene that with the "deepening" of the game, these blind people gradually got excited, and the speed of playing cards was obviously faster, and occasionally they made mistakes. For example, if you shout "a pair of twos", the cards issued are a two and a three, and the dealer and spectators will remind them in time.

　　In order to verify the skills of five blind people to touch and read cards again, the reporter specially bought a deck of ordinary poker in the supermarket and took it out for them to change cards. Unexpectedly, several people went on as usual, and it was basically accurate. Yang Qiufang also told reporters that this pair of poker bought by reporters is the third-generation "Three Guns" brand, which is more difficult to touch than the first and second generations, because compared with the first and second generations, paper and printing are different, although ordinary people can’t feel it, but in fact there are still very subtle differences in their hands. The numbers and colors on the first and second generations are still slightly concave and convex, while the three generations feel smoother. But as long as you give him three days, they will soon be proficient.

　　reveal a secret

　　Why did you practice this trick?

　　Ink handwriting can be felt.

　　Yang Qiufang, a blind man, told reporters that there are many blind friends around him, but only five of them can play cards, because several of them often study and ponder together, and other blind people don’t have the patience. Of course, this also requires some talent. He told reporters that the youngest of them is only 46 years old. He was sick and blind when he was in high school. He is very smart and can find out the colors in a short time. He said that if normal people calm down and ponder hard, they should also feel this way. Although the concave and convex of the card is very subtle, there are ink marks after all. He told reporters that they can not only touch the cards, but also know the counterfeit money that the money detector can’t identify, and they can also touch the pen words written on the paper. It is said that practice makes perfect.

　　"I can feel what cards are in my hand, but what if others deliberately make mistakes?" When the reporter made this remark, Yang Qiu and his blind friends all laughed and repeatedly said, "We don’t play cards blindly. Although we can’t see it, we have to rely on our consciousness and trust to play cards. Otherwise, how can we fight? Besides, what happiness can we have if we cheat each other? We play cards by heart and play with heart. "

　　The reporter learned in the interview that these five blind people knew each other in their early years, and they have been playing cards together for more than ten years, and occasionally they will get a little reward. In the process of learning card art, "card friends" not only forged a deep friendship, but also enriched their lives. It’s amazing that five people who live completely in the dark can cross the visual barrier and enjoy playing poker together.

Editor: Peng Wei

Since the beginning of this year, the consumer market has continued to exert its strength, which has enhanced its pull on economic growth. In the first quarter, the contribution rate of final consumption to economic growth reached 66.6%, which became the main force driving economic growth among the three major demands. In the process of restoring and expanding consumption, the tourism industry is a powerful and effective starting point, and it is promising to further promote the consumption of services such as tourism.

Strong comprehensive driving ability

Holiday consumption is a window to observe economic vitality. This year’s "May 1" holiday, the total number of domestic tourism trips nationwide was 274 million, achieving a domestic tourism income of 148.056 billion yuan, both exceeding the level of the same period in 2019 according to comparable caliber; A total of 31,100 commercial performances were held nationwide, with a box office income of 1.519 billion yuan and an audience of about 8,654,900.

The cultural tourism market ran out of the "acceleration" of recovery this year. Since the Spring Festival, it has maintained a trend of high opening, steady walking and accelerated recovery, and indicators such as tourist satisfaction, corporate acquisition and industry confidence have been rising.

The overall improvement of the economy, the successive introduction of policies to promote consumption and the overall stability of the employment situation have laid a solid foundation for the steady recovery of residents’ income and consumption, and released people’s long-term accumulated consumer demand. Dai Bin, president of china tourism academy, said that the tourism industry, including food, housing, transportation, travel, shopping and entertainment, has a strong comprehensive driving force, and the recovery of the tourism market has also led to the rapid recovery of transportation, hotel, commerce and catering.

The driving role of tourism is not limited to consumption. The data shows that tourism equipment manufacturing enterprises have entered an active state at the beginning of this year, and investment in tourist attractions and new and renovated projects in tourist destinations have also entered an active period, which has promoted the recovery and development of China’s manufacturing industry. Since the beginning of this year, the employment situation in the tourism industry has also begun to improve.

The cultural market is lively. The superposition of projects to be implemented and newly added projects makes this year’s performance projects particularly intensive, and most theaters in regional central cities are full in the first half of the year. Since the second quarter, large-scale concerts and music festivals have also entered an intensive period, and the market competition has become increasingly fierce. According to the survey of ticket sales trends of some large-scale concerts and music festivals conducted by China Performance Industry Association, the proportion of consumers who bought tickets across cities increased sharply compared with last year, and the average cross-city viewing rate exceeded 50% of the total number of people who bought tickets, which showed that this kind of performance project had a strong driving force on peripheral consumption such as transportation, accommodation and catering.

Iterative upgrading and innovation

The rapid recovery of consumption is inseparable from the frequent efforts of policies. At the end of last year, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Outline of the Strategic Plan for Expanding Domestic Demand (2022-2035), in which many places made relevant arrangements for the consumption of cultural tourism. This year’s "Government Work Report" proposes to "give priority to restoring and expanding consumption", "stabilize mass consumption such as automobiles, and promote the recovery of consumption of catering, culture, tourism, sports and other life services".

Culture and tourism play an obvious driving role, and all localities have taken promoting cultural tourism consumption as an important starting point for expanding domestic demand. While introducing preferential policies, they have optimized services to impress consumers and enhance their satisfaction and sense of acquisition. In Zibo, Shandong Province, where the fire has recently been "out of the circle", in order to attract tourists and keep the heat, convenient measures such as barbecue trains and free parking have been introduced. During the holidays, popular cities such as Suzhou, Zhengzhou, Shanghai, Beijing, Chengdu, Chongqing, etc. also showed their talents in order to retain tourists, and introduced warm services such as charging treasure at punch points, delayed closing of rail transit, luggage storage cabinets, volunteer service kiosks, etc., so that tourists can fully feel the beauty of holiday travel and the temperature of city hospitality. "The new gameplay of cultural travel, which is constantly iteratively upgraded, continues to stimulate new vitality of consumption." Chen Nan, a professor at the School of Cultural Industry and Tourism Management of Henan University, said.

Dai Bin said that it is necessary to further optimize the consumption environment and strengthen market governance to stimulate the consumption of cultural tourism and realize the high-quality development of tourism. "The current unreasonable low-cost travel and opaque prices still exist, which will affect the consumer experience." He said that market supervision, price management, social security and other departments should give equal protection to the consumer rights and interests of tourists and residents. According to the principle of territorial management, all localities should focus on catering services outside scenic spots and resorts, as well as shopping, entertainment and self-funded projects organized by travel agencies in key areas.

Two-way efforts of government enterprises

Restoring and expanding consumption requires two-way efforts from the government and enterprises. The government should provide policy support, optimize public services and improve the consumption environment; Enterprises should increase the supply of high-quality products and services, better meet the personalized and diversified needs of consumers, and help upgrade consumption.

"The intensive and diverse performance products have enriched the holiday cultural life of the people and become a powerful means to stimulate local consumption." Pan Yan, vice president and secretary general of China Performance Industry Association, said that in the process of comprehensive recovery of the performance market, the industry should keep a clear understanding, and performance agencies should continue to introduce excellent works and enrich the supply of performance products; Innovating marketing model to enhance product influence; Promote the deep integration of cultural tourism, expand the performance format and expand the market scale. "Let more audiences enter theaters and various performing arts spaces with stronger attraction, richer expressive force and fuller experience." Pan Yan said.

"The consumers of mass tourism include both middle-income groups and ordinary wage earners. It is noteworthy that rural residents are no longer just tourists, but they have begun to embark on the stage of all-round development of mass tourism as tourists. The demand for tourism began to be classified and consumption began to be stratified. " Dai Bin believes that the tourism industry should be guided by tourists’ satisfaction, open wider to the outside world, promote supply-side structural reform, promote the deep integration of cultural tourism with more efficient market methods and administrative means, and promote the extensive integration of tourism with agriculture, industry, science and technology, education and art, so as to cultivate tourism into a strategic pillar industry of the national economy and a modern service industry that the people are more satisfied with.

To further strengthen the supply of high-quality culture and tourism products, we need to seize the key of the integration of culture and tourism, open more new consumption scenes and enrich more new consumption experiences. As a famous historical and cultural city, Xi ‘an used traditional culture to shape tourism, created Chang ‘an Twelve o’clock theme block and other scenic spots, and with the help of popular networks such as "Secret Box in the Prosperous Tang Dynasty", it proved the importance and necessity of molding tourism with literature and demonstrating literature with tourism. (Reporter Zhang Xue)

Liam Neeson talks to the mystery man with a serious face.

1905 movie network news A few days ago, the action suspense film has met the audience in North America. The action scenes of life and death and the suspense reversal of wits have made the film gain excellent box office results and word of mouth after its release. With a series of films, liam neeson, who successfully created the screen to "rescue professional households", once again "returned to his old job". As an ordinary white-collar uncle, he was not only accidentally involved in a conspiracy, but also single-handedly searched for a mysterious passenger on the commuter train in new york and eliminated the danger, which was exciting and suspenseful.

The Commuter tells the story of Macaulay, the hero played by liam neeson, who meets the mysterious girl Joanna on his way home by commuter train in new york. Joanna offered Macaulay a tempting task — — Find out a passenger in the car and get a huge sum of cash in return. But in the process of searching, Macaulay gradually found himself not only involved in a deadly conspiracy, but also unable to quit, and a rescue operation full of suspense and excitement began. When the commuter train close to everyone’s life scene becomes a runaway and deadly journey, how Uncle Liam can solve the puzzles lurking in the commuter train and rescue the passengers is expected.

Liam Neeson turned into a white-collar uncle, running for his life.

With a series of screen roles to rescue relatives in distress, liam neeson deserves to be a "rescue specialist" in Hollywood. In Taken3 series films, he plays a retired agent who chases across many countries and rescues his daughter and wife from foreign evil organizations. Whether it is a sharp and professional lynching trial or a quick skill of one enemy and ten, the image of a loving father who is eager to save a woman and the fierce domineering of fighting violence with violence have made him numerous; In the movie, liam neeson, who plays the plainclothes air marshal, changed the battlefield again, fighting wits and wits with the hijackers lurking among the passengers at high altitude, reversing Gan Kun in the air at the peak of 10,000 meters, finding out the black hand behind the scenes from the clues, and at the same time, fighting hand-to-hand in the narrow cabin to rescue the passengers of the whole plane … …

It can be said that with a series of invincible rescue operations, Uncle Liam not only successfully created an IP movie with the theme of "rescue", but also made himself a leading figure in Hollywood action heroes and won fans all over the world to call him crazy.Different from films such as Taken3 and NON-STOP, the role played by liam neeson in The Commuter no longer has the aura of skills such as special agent and air marshal, but becomes a white-collar office worker. Playing an ordinary person in an action movie for the first time, he not only had to make a living, but also struggled with the complicated and demanding needs of his boss and customers. At the age of 60, he lost his job and lost his direction in life, and he didn’t know how to face his family and future. It is a challenge for talented liam neeson to play such an ordinary middle-aged man who is involved in a life-and-death rescue operation at the same time. In the film, liam neeson, who was laid off, was lured by the mysterious girl into a gambling conspiracy because of the pressure of life.

Liam neeson moved the wrench to rescue the commuter train.

Jaume serra, the director who has cooperated with liam neeson for four times, praised Uncle Liam’s performance. He recalled his experience in shooting The Commuter, saying, "Every day when shooting, I am like a child looking forward to a Christmas present, waiting for the performance surprise brought by Nelson. His style and his eyes, he can completely change and create new roles with various nuances."

Not only is it more interesting in acting, but the action scene of the film is also thrilling. In the closed tense and high-speed train space, liam neeson should not only race against time to crack the true identity of the man behind the scenes, but also use all props in the train to fight, constantly resolve the dangerous ambushes and rescue the passengers on the train. The gradual reversal of the plot and the rapid and sharp action scenes have all upgraded The Commuter’s performance and action scenes.

In addition to liam neeson, the film The Commuter also featured famous Hollywood movie stars Vera Farmiga, Patrick Wilson and sam neill, and was directed by NON-STOP’s Hollywood genius jaume serra. The film has been released in North America and is expected to be introduced to Chinese mainland in 2018.

　　⑤ Five provinces and regions in Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Hubei, Tibet and Jiangxi were added to "Advertising Precision Poverty Alleviation"

　　Eight projects, including domestic aircraft carriers and manned spaceflight, were included in the "Public Welfare Communication of National Major Projects"

　　On October 26th, the "Signing Ceremony of Advertising Precision Poverty Alleviation and Public Welfare Communication Project of National Major Projects" was held in Beijing. Front-line poverty alleviation cadres and farmers’ representatives from the area covered by "CCTV National Brand Plan-Advertising Precision Poverty Alleviation" and relevant persons in charge of the selected project of "CCTV National Brand Plan-Public Welfare Communication of National Major Projects" attended.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has repeatedly made important instructions on precision poverty alleviation and scientific and technological innovation. As the ideological center of the Party and the national radio and television station, the Central Radio and Television General Station adheres to the social responsibility and responsibility of the national media. "Advertising Precision Poverty Alleviation" and "Public Welfare Communication of National Major Projects" are the concrete measures taken by the General Station to implement the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on precision poverty alleviation and scientific and technological innovation, the concrete practice that the Central Radio and Television General Station insists on putting social benefits first, and the successful exploration of serving the country with public welfare communication.

　　Shen Haixiong, Vice Minister of Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China and Director of the Central Radio and Television General Station, said that the General Station will thoroughly implement the spirit of the congratulatory letter from the Supreme Leader General Secretary to the 60th anniversary of the founding of CCTV and the birth of the new China TV industry, and implement the guiding spirit of "advertising should also be oriented" with integrity and innovation, and further improve the projects of "advertising precision poverty alleviation" and "public welfare communication of major national projects". The "Advertising Precision Poverty Alleviation" project will focus on precision, ensure the accuracy of poverty alleviation targets, advertising content and audiences, and take out more advertising poverty alleviation resources, and make unremitting efforts for a long time to help the rural poor achieve poverty alleviation under the current standards in China in 2020 and win the tough battle of poverty alleviation as scheduled. The "Public Welfare Communication of National Major Projects" project will highlight the public welfare, focus on the front-line staff who have silently contributed to major national projects, dig deep into the story and shock of major national scientific and technological achievements and major national strategic projects, show their images and gather people’s hearts.

Signing of "Advertising Precision Poverty Alleviation" Project

　　At the signing ceremony, Zhang Ning, deputy editor-in-chief of CCTV, announced the new signing lists of "CCTV National Brand Plan-Advertising Precision Poverty Alleviation" and "CCTV National Brand Plan-Public Welfare Communication of National Major Projects": With reference to the list of counties in contiguous poverty-stricken areas published by the State Council Poverty Alleviation Office, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Gansu Province, Hubei Province, Xizang Autonomous Region Province and Jiangxi Province were determined as new cooperative provinces for the "CCTV National Brand Plan-Advertising Precision Poverty Alleviation" project; Under the joint planning with more than 20 units including the National Development and Reform Commission, the General Armament Department and the Aerospace Science and Technology Group, China spallation neutron source project, high-speed rail Fuxing, Hualong No.1, UHV transmission project, domestic cargo large aircraft project (Yun -20), domestic aircraft carrier project, manned space flight project and China hydropower technology upgrading project were determined as "CCTV national brand plan-national major project public welfare communication". Ren Xuean, director of the advertising management center of CCTV, signed an on-site contract with the newly added provinces, autonomous regions and project leaders.

Signing of "Public Welfare Communication of National Major Projects"

　　Since the implementation of "CCTV National Brand Plan-Advertising Precision Poverty Alleviation" project, it has benefited 457,700 poor farmers and more than 1.7 million people in 8 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), and more than 50 kinds of agricultural and sideline products will be introduced free of charge in 2018. After the addition of five contracted provinces, the number of cooperative provinces will reach 13. In 2019, it is estimated that more than 70 kinds of agricultural and sideline products will be broadcast free of charge. The "Public Welfare Communication of National Major Projects" project focuses on publicizing and popularizing the major achievements and latest achievements in key areas in China, and shaping the brand image of communication for big countries. With the key breakthroughs of China’s science and technology in various major fields, 11 public service advertisements such as Beidou navigation, artificial intelligence, space engine, Beijing time, national gene bank, manned space flight, deep-sea exploration, large transport aircraft, quantum communication and high-speed rail Fuxing have been broadcast one after another. By October 24, 2018, it had been broadcast 32,309 times, with a total of 28,133 minutes and 469 hours, which encouraged the researchers who fought in the front line and effectively demonstrated China’s independent innovation ability and ambition to strive for first-class.

　　Yan Xiaoming, deputy director of the Central Radio and Television General Station; Bai Yugang, member of the Standing Committee of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Party Committee and Minister of Propaganda Department; Chen Qing, member of the Standing Committee of Gansu Provincial Committee and Minister of Propaganda Department; Li Lecheng, member of the Standing Committee of Hubei Provincial Committee; Jiare Lausanne Tenzin, vice chairman of Xizang Autonomous Region Municipal Government; Shi Xiaolin, member of the Standing Committee of Jiangxi Provincial Committee and Minister of Propaganda Department; Lin Shanqing, deputy director of the National Energy Administration; Lin Chuxue, deputy general manager of China Three Gorges Corporation; and Guo Zhuxue, deputy general manager of China Railway Corporation. Li Qingtang, deputy general manager of China National Nuclear Corporation, Tan Jiansheng, deputy general manager of China General Nuclear Power Corporation, Li Bin, vice president of the Sixth Academy of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, Xia Qingfeng, director of the Propaganda Bureau of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council, Wei Dichun, deputy director of CCTV, and Hu Bangsheng, deputy director of China Radio International attended the event.

　　On June 29th this year, the Central Radio and Television General Station announced three new measures to help the poor: First, continue to expand the coverage of poverty alleviation, and add more than four provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) from July this year to the end of June next year; Second, in addition to public service advertisements, in 2018, the relevant channels, frequencies and new media of the main station will launch "precise poverty alleviation" topics and columns; Third, based on the investment of 1.0414 billion advertising resources in the past two years, from July 2018 to the end of June 2019, the General Office will allocate more than 1 billion advertising resources to help the poor in the new poverty alleviation year. In just three months, eight channels of CCTV have promoted 15 agricultural special products in eight provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) such as Guizhou at a high frequency of 20 times a day, with a total broadcast time of 9522 times, with a total broadcast time of 3163 minutes and a screen resource value of 350 million yuan; China national radio and China Radio International also promoted them simultaneously, and the value of advertising resources invested reached more than 10 million yuan each.

　　Doubled investment in advertising resources has accelerated product sales, raised transaction prices and directly driven farmers to increase their income and become rich. Li Chunkui, secretary of the Wushan County Party Committee, who came to attend the signing ceremony, said in an interview that Wushan Cuili became famous all over the country after entering CCTV, and became a very sought-after golden fruit. People all over the country rushed to buy it, and people in Wushan scrambled to plant it. Compared with last year, Wushan crisp plum brand is even louder this year, and its evaluation value has risen from 946 million yuan last year to 1.334 billion yuan this year. The market is wider. In the past, the offline sales market of Wushan Cuili was mainly in Chongqing. Now Wushan Cuili has sold well in many large and medium-sized cities and regions in China, such as Beishangguang, Chengdu, Wuhan and Hong Kong. Deng Yuncheng, a farmer who planted yellow peaches in Yanling County, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, said that after the commercial was broadcast, the yellow peaches in Yanling became much more famous and sold better. For the peaches of Deng Yuncheng’s own family, it took nearly a month to sell 400,000 Jin last year, and 600,000 Jin was sold out in just 20 days this year. In 2017, the annual output of yellow peaches in Deng Yuncheng village exceeded 3 million Jin, with an output value of nearly 21 million yuan; This year, the annual output of yellow peaches in the village is 4 million Jin, but the output value exceeds 40 million yuan.

　　After the broadcast of the series of public service advertisements "CCTV national brand plan-public service communication of major national projects", it triggered a warm response from all walks of life. Li Bin, vice president of the Sixth Academy of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, said that the space engine is the cornerstone of space development, and the successful development of a new generation of liquid oxygen kerosene engine has more than doubled China’s ability to enter space, making it possible for large space loads, space station projects, lunar exploration projects and other deep space exploration. For decades, from the depths of the mountains to the northwest, everyone has been painstakingly studying and deeply cultivating, and devoted himself to developing advanced space power for China. This time, I was surprised and proud to be able to appear on CCTV and speak for the national brand. I hope more people care about supporting scientific research and space.

　　The successful signing of the new phase of "Advertising Precision Poverty Alleviation" and "National Major Project Public Welfare Communication" has opened a new chapter in the public welfare project of "CCTV National Brand Plan". The Central Radio and Television General Station will work side by side with the propaganda departments of the party committees of the cooperative provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities and various scientific research units to make new and greater contributions to precision poverty alleviation and scientific and technological innovation.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, February 21st(International observation) The annual report on trade with China is greatly popular. There is no market for "decoupling theory"

　　Xinhua news agency reporter

　　Recently, many major economies in the world published the annual trade reports with China in 2022, and a number of bilateral trade data with China reached record highs, with frequent highlights of economic and trade cooperation, showing that economic and trade ties with China are getting closer and cooperation with China’s supply chain is more resilient.

　　International observers believe that the red-hot annual trade reports of major economies with China have greatly boosted the confidence of countries in China’s economy and win-win economic and trade cooperation with China, and also clearly showed that the "decoupling theory" advocated and manipulated by American politicians with China is not accepted by the market.

　　Closer ties: the trade volume with China has reached record highs.

　　Looking at the trade data of major countries and regions with China in 2022, many countries and regions have stronger trade performance with China than with other major trading partners, which not only maintains the growth trend, but also exceeds their overall foreign trade growth rate.

　　According to data released by the US Department of Commerce on the 7th, according to US statistics, the total trade volume of goods between the United States and China in 2022 reached US$ 690.6 billion, a record high. The American media believe that it is "surprising" that the US-China trade data reached a new high in 2022, considering that the United States has imposed tariffs on China’s goods exported to the United States for many years and that the US government has blocked the exchanges between China and the United States on the grounds of "national security", which fully proves that bilateral economic and trade relations are still close.

　　According to data released by Eurostat on the 15th, the total trade volume of goods between Europe and China reached 856.3 billion euros in 2022, an increase of about 23% compared with 2021, which also reached a new high.

　　According to the latest data from the German Federal Statistical Office, the total trade volume between Germany and China rose to a record level of 297.9 billion euros in 2022, an increase of about 21% compared with 2021, which was higher than the overall growth rate of German foreign trade in the same period. China has become the most important German trading partner for the seventh consecutive year.

　　Juergen Martes, an expert at the German Economic Research Institute, said that China’s economy is huge, and the economic and trade ties between Germany and China are closer. No one wants to and cannot "decouple" from China.

　　According to the data released by the General Administration of Customs of China, in 2022, the bilateral trade volume between China and Africa, ASEAN and Latin America reached US$ 282 billion, US$ 975.3 billion and US$ 485.8 billion respectively, increasing by 11.1%, 11.2% and 7.7% respectively compared with 2021, all of which were record highs.

　　Former Croatian Minister of Economy Ljubo Jurcic told Xinhua News Agency that although the COVID-19 epidemic has brought some impact, China’s economy has maintained a relatively high growth rate for many years, which is the "locomotive" for stimulating world economic growth. Politicians and media in a few western countries concocted the decoupling theory with China because they ignored or didn’t want to see the fact that the world was closely linked with China.

　　More dividends: complementary advantages to achieve a win-win situation

　　Under the market law of complementary advantages and mutual benefit and win-win, the economic and trade cooperation between countries with China is full of vitality.

　　In view of the new trend of German-Chinese trade in 2022, the German Economic Research Institute reported that the increase in international energy and raw material prices aggravated inflationary pressure, and affordable goods produced in China were more favored by the German market. In addition, German enterprises have gradually increased their investment in China and localized production, which is also reflected in the trade data.

　　In the past year, automobiles were the main highlight of bilateral trade between Mexico and China. According to the data of National Geographic Statistics Bureau of Mexico, in 2022, China cars accounted for nearly a quarter of the imported cars in Mexico. China has surpassed the United States, Japan and other countries to become the main source country of Mexican imported cars.

　　According to the latest data from the National Statistics and Census Institute of Argentina, China will be Argentina’s second largest export destination and largest import source in 2022. Compared with 2021, Argentina’s import and export of goods to China in 2022 increased by 29.4% and 27.4% respectively.

　　Pablo Levinton, a professor of economics at Ranus National University in Argentina, believes that the economies of Argentina and China are highly complementary. Argentina’s high-quality beef, red wine and other products are welcomed by the China market, and Argentina’s lithium, copper and other mineral resources are also needed by China’s new energy industries.

　　The North Africa Post commented that Africa-China trade reached a new high. Africa has expanded its exports to China with the advantages of natural resources such as crude oil, copper, cobalt and iron ore, while China’s products such as machinery, electronics and textiles meet the demand of the African market.

　　Bambang Suryono, Chairman of the Asian Innovation Research Center, an Indonesian think tank, said that the bilateral trade volume between Indonesia and China increased by nearly 20% in 2022 compared with the previous year, and China continued to be Indonesia’s largest trading partner, demonstrating the high correlation and complementarity between the two economies. China is Indonesia’s largest export market, and its rapid economic growth will greatly promote Indonesia’s economic and social development.

　　More Confidence: Looking forward to the "East Wind" in China Market

　　Looking forward to the new year, many institutions and analysts are optimistic about the prospects of China-foreign trade and economic cooperation, and believe that China’s economy will make generate more dynamic and bring more market opportunities and development dividends to the world.

　　According to Chilean customs statistics, Chile’s exports to China in 2022 were US$ 38.106 billion, accounting for 38.9% of the country’s total exports. China has been Chile’s largest trading partner since 2009. Nearly 90% of Chile’s cherry exports are sold to China market.

　　"The China market is too important for us!" Ivan Marambio, president of the Chilean Fruit Exporters Association, said. After China implemented the temporary measures for personnel exchanges between China and foreign countries in early January, he led a delegation to visit several cities in China to negotiate with business partners. "We are optimistic about China’s market resilience and consumption vitality, and hope to achieve greater development through the China market".

　　In 2022, China became Brazil’s largest trading partner for the 14th consecutive year. According to official Brazilian data, Brazil’s exports to China reached US$ 89.428 billion last year, accounting for 26.8% of the country’s total exports.

　　Jose Ricardo Luce Jr., CEO of Brazilian business leaders’ organization in China, said that the deepening economic and trade partnership between Brazil and China has had a positive impact on the development of Brazil’s agriculture, infrastructure, science and technology and e-commerce. Bilateral trade between Pakistan and China has continuously hit new highs, which has contributed greatly to Brazil’s economic growth and will further promote exchanges between the two sides in various fields.

　　The African Development Bank released a report in January, raising the economic growth forecast of Africa to 4% in 2023. According to the report, after China optimizes and adjusts its epidemic prevention policy, Asia, as an important export market of Africa, will achieve steady growth, thus expanding the development space of Africa.

　　Ralph Klein, general manager of German Haoting Electronics Company, said that China has great market potential, and China’s economy has a great influence on the development of German enterprises in China, expecting China’s economy to achieve more positive development and faster growth.

　　According to the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics on February 17th, in 2022, China was the second largest trading partner of Britain in terms of goods import and the fifth largest trading partner in terms of goods export. Zhang Zhikai, a scholar at Durham University in the UK, believes that British exports to China have increased, driven by diversified trade demand. British business circles are actively promoting economic and trade exchanges between Britain and China, and bilateral trade is expected to grow further this year.

1905 movie network news On December 31st, the Film Channel Media Center released the "2018 China Film Annual Survey Report", which is divided into four sections: 2018 film market overview, box office list, word-of-mouth films and industry overview. Present a complete annual film survey report for film lovers with the most professional and authoritative list data.

According to the data released by the National Film Bureau on the evening of December 31, 2018, the total box office of national movies in 2018 was 60.976 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9.06%; The domestic movie box office was 37.897 billion yuan, accounting for 62.15% of the total box office; 82 domestic films with box office exceeding 100 million yuan, including 44 domestic films; There were 1.716 billion people watching movies in urban cinemas and 111 million people watching movies in urban cinemas.

　

　

In terms of the box office list of 2018 movies, action movies ranked first in the box office list of 2018 domestic movies with a high box office of 3.651 billion, ranking second and third. In this year, the main position of domestic films is rising day by day.

　

The film channel and media center started the annual excellent film survey on December 23rd. "Top Ten Film Critics" invited 100 experts and professional film critics to vote. The "Top Ten Audiences" is a combination of off-line on-the-spot voting by hundreds of Yaolai Jackie Chan International Studios and online voting by Sina Weibo, with more than 20,000 viewers participating, striving to cover movie lovers of different ages in the first, second and third tier cities across the country. Operation Red Sea won the first place in the top ten word-of-mouth films voted by the audience, and Dying to Survive won the first place in the top ten word-of-mouth films voted by film critics.

　

According to the "2018 Annual Survey Report", a total of 63 comedy movies were released throughout the year, with a cumulative box office of 15.049 billion, which is still the most popular movie type. In 2018, Guangdong Province ranked first in the regional box office list, while Shanghai, Beijing and Shenzhen remained the top three in the city box office. In the box office performance of 2018, the box office of each major schedule continued to grow steadily. With a strong mass base and high-quality film content, the overall box office reached 17.36 billion, a record high.

The annual survey report of 2018 China movies not only includes the annual professional list and data summary, but also adds keywords of 2018 movies, such as 40th anniversary of reform and opening up, ticket replacement, construction, film re-screening, farewell to filmmakers, etc. Let the audience know the annual data, and also review the movie events in 2018.

Beijing Cultural Relics [2023] No.1771

District Culture and Tourism Bureau (Cultural Relics Bureau):

　　In order to implement the cultural thought of the supreme leader, the implementation opinions on strengthening the reform of cultural relics protection and utilization by the municipal leading group for promoting the construction of national cultural centers (J.W.J.F. [2020] No.1) and the opinions on encouraging and supporting social forces to participate in the protection and utilization of cultural relics buildings by National Cultural Heritage Administration (D.C.F. [2022] No.14), and promote the open utilization of cultural relics buildings in Beijing,Beijing Municipal Bureau of Cultural RelicsWe have formulated the Guidelines for the Open Utilization of Cultural Relics Buildings in Beijing (for Trial Implementation), which are hereby printed and distributed to you.

　　Please implement it according to the local actual situation, and feed back the new situations and problems that appear in the implementation process in time.Beijing Municipal Bureau of Cultural Relics.

Beijing Municipal Bureau of Cultural Relics　　　　

December 25, 2023　　

　　(Contact: Chang Shuo; Tel: 64078230)

Guidelines for the Opening and Utilization of Cultural Relics Buildings in Beijing (for Trial Implementation)

　　In order to implement the cultural thought of the supreme leader, implement the requirements of cultural relics work of "protection first, strengthening management, excavating value, effectively utilizing and making cultural relics alive", effectively utilize cultural relics resources in the capital, give full play to the positive role of cultural relics in providing public cultural services, meeting people’s spiritual and cultural life needs, and cultivating socialist core values, focus on solving the problem of uneven and insufficient cultural relics protection and utilization, and guide and encourage social forces to actively participate in cultural relics protection and utilization. To provide diversified and multi-level cultural products and services, this guideline is formulated in accordance with the law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the protection of cultural relics and other relevant laws and regulations, several opinions on strengthening the reform of the protection and utilization of cultural relics (No.54 [2018] of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China) and the guidelines for the opening of cultural relics buildings (No.24 [2019] of the Cultural Relics Protection).

　　I. Basic principles

　　(1) These Guidelines are applicable to cultural relics protection units at all levels, ancient buildings, memorial buildings and other cultural relics among immovable cultural relics that have not been approved as cultural relics protection units, and focus on guiding district-level cultural relics protection units and immovable cultural relics that have not been approved as cultural relics protection units.

　　(two) the opening and utilization of cultural relics buildings adhere to the priority of social benefits, adhere to legal compliance, adhere to reasonable and moderate. The use of cultural relics buildings must be based on the premise of ensuring the safety of cultural relics, and cultural relics shall not be destroyed, damaged or affected. The utilization of cultural relics buildings must be controlled within the bearing range of cultural relics resources to avoid excessive commercialization.

　　(3) The opening and utilization of cultural relics buildings should be conducive to showing the historical value, cultural value, aesthetic value, scientific value and time value of cultural relics, giving full play to the social functions of cultural relics, and improving the protection status and safety management level of cultural relics.

　　(4) Encourage citizens, legal persons and other organizations to participate in the whole process of protection and utilization in accordance with laws and regulations, such as the protection and repair of cultural relics buildings, the retreat of use methods that endanger the safety of cultural relics buildings, the maintenance of historical features, the development of tourism and cultural creation, the open operation of exhibitions, and the development of cultural inheritance.

　　Second, the open use mode

　　(five) the cultural relics of different owners and users should be protected and utilized. All kinds of cultural relics buildings at all levels managed and used by the cultural relics administrative department should be open to the society as much as possible; Those that have been opened to the society should further explain their value, tap their potential and improve their services; If it is not open to the society, it is necessary to clarify the opening time limit; The current state-owned cultural relics buildings, which are used for office and residence and idle, can be fully opened by vacating or can be opened in a certain period of time and space. If non-state-owned cultural relics buildings are open to the public and provide exhibition services, the cultural relics administrative department shall give necessary guidance and help.

　　(6) On the basis of respecting the historical functions of cultural relics buildings, the use functions of cultural relics buildings are determined with the guidance of public welfare, taking into account the types of cultural relics, cultural values, building scale, spatial characteristics, public opinion sensitivity, social influence, preservation status, use status and carrying capacity.

　　1. The historical functions are palaces, altars and temples, government offices, mansions, gardens, temples, towers, city walls, gates, bridges, monuments, etc., and it is advocated to be open to the public as museums, depositories, and places for sightseeing.

　　2. The historical function is public buildings such as schools, hospitals, libraries, theaters, theaters, and modern buildings such as administrative, financial, and commercial buildings, which can continue their historical functions and need to be opened to the society by delineating open areas and defining open hours.

　　3. Cultural relics buildings whose historical functions are halls and embassies are encouraged to provide community services or be used as places for cultural exhibitions, public welfare offices and state activities, and to be opened to the public in a flexible way.

　　4. Cultural relics buildings with historical functions of residence, in which the former residences of celebrities are implemented with reference to the Code for the Protection and Utilization of Cultural Relics (WW/T0076-2017); Other residents’ courtyards can be opened to the public as public cultural places, tourist and leisure service places and provide diversified and multi-level social services on the premise of ensuring safety.

　　5. The protection and utilization of the former revolutionary site refer to the Guidelines for the Protection and Utilization of the Former Revolutionary Site (Trial) (Cultural Relics Baofa [2019] No.2); For the protection and utilization of industrial heritage, refer to the Code for the Protection and Utilization of Cultural Relics Industrial Heritage (WW/T0091-2018).

　　6. The central cultural relics buildings in the functional core area of the capital give priority to the protection of the central government functions, and can be used as places for administrative offices, national etiquette, cultural exhibitions, mutual learning of civilizations, revolutionary education, and visits.

　　(seven) to support the owners and users of cultural relics buildings to carry out public-oriented service business activities. The content and scale of business activities should be compatible with the cultural attributes and carrying capacity of cultural relics buildings; Business activities shall not deviate from the attributes of public resources, and shall not be opened as private clubs or high-end entertainment places.

　　(eight) due to the need of protecting cultural relics, inheriting history, explaining value, perfecting urban functions and filling the shortcomings of public services, the use of cultural relics buildings can be changed; The changed use shall conform to the value characteristics of cultural relics buildings and shall not adversely affect the protection of cultural relics buildings. If a state-owned cultural relic building changes its use, it shall go through the corresponding approval procedures in accordance with the requirements of laws and regulations; Non-state-owned cultural relics buildings that change their use shall go through filing procedures.

　　Third, the requirements of open utilization

　　(nine) the opening and utilization of cultural relics buildings shall meet the following conditions:

　　1. Cultural relics have no potential safety hazards, have basic open service conditions, meet the basic requirements of security and fire protection, and can guarantee the safety of personnel and cultural relics.

　　2. The main responsibility for the use of cultural relics buildings is clear, and they can undertake all the open work and perform the daily maintenance duties of cultural relics.

　　3. The value carrier of cultural relics is clearly identified.

　　(ten) the main users of cultural relics buildings should conduct an open feasibility assessment, evaluate the impact of open utilization on cultural relics buildings, and scientifically formulate and publish opening measures and plans according to the characteristics, protection requirements and actual conditions of cultural relics. Opening measures and plans need to specify the opening area, opening content, opening time, tourist carrying capacity, supporting services, maintenance, safety precautions, emergency plans and other contents.

　　The carrying capacity of tourists can be determined according to the Code for Evaluating the Carrying Capacity of Tourists in Cultural Relics Protection Units (WW/T0083-2017).

　　In the process of opening cultural relics buildings, there are major cultural relics dangers or safety accidents, and they should immediately stop opening and carry out rectification.

　　(eleven) the principle of minimum intervention should be adhered to in the construction related to the opening and utilization of cultural relics buildings, and the original form, pattern and style of cultural relics buildings should not be affected, the structural system should not be changed, and the cultural relics buildings should not be damaged or the value of cultural relics should not be affected. Open use of related construction projects should be in accordance with the requirements of laws and regulations to fulfill the corresponding approval procedures.

　　1. The scope, content and intensity of open utilization should be reasonably controlled. In the process of renovation, full consideration should be given to open utilization, so as to avoid secondary decoration, space transformation and equipment assembly affecting the safety of cultural relics; In the process of renovation, attention should be paid to excavating the value of cultural relics and retaining authenticity.

　　2. The decoration should ensure the safety of the building structure, give priority to the use of traditional materials and techniques, and meet the requirements of energy conservation, environmental protection and fire protection; For reference, please refer to the Provisional Standards and Management Regulations of Beijing Cultural Relics Building Decoration (Beijing Cultural Relics [2006] No.695).

　　3. Space structures, facilities and equipment applicable to the status quo should be given priority. The impact of new facilities and equipment on the structural safety and traditional features of cultural relics buildings should be evaluated, which should be conducive to the decoration and structural protection of cultural relics buildings, be in harmony with the environment, and facilitate daily inspections, monitoring and maintenance.

　　(12) As the subject of fire safety responsibility, the owners and users of cultural relics buildings should implement laws, regulations and rules such as People’s Republic of China (PRC) Fire Protection Law, Beijing Fire Protection Regulations, and Beijing Unit Fire Safety Subject Responsibility Provisions. In accordance with the Guidelines for Electrical Fire Prevention of Cultural Relics Buildings (Trial) (No.3 [2017] of Cultural Relics), Code for Fire Prevention Design of Cultural Relics Buildings (DB11/1706-2019), Ten Provisions on Fire Safety Management of Cultural Relics Buildings (No.11 [2015] of Cultural Relics) and Guiding Opinions on Further Strengthening Fire Safety Work of Cultural Relics () Announce the person directly responsible for the safety of cultural relics, establish and improve the fire safety management system, strengthen the construction of fire control facilities, strengthen the standardized management of fire and electricity consumption, formulate fire emergency response plans and organize training drills, implement fire safety inspections, and timely rectify fire safety hazards. Cultural relics buildings used for visiting, sightseeing and business premises should be formulated and implemented with fire safety precautions in light of the nature of use. Security and fire protection projects should perform the corresponding program review procedures in accordance with the requirements of laws and regulations.

　　(13) Encourage neighborhood offices and township people’s governments to plan and design the surrounding environment of heritage buildings for the overall opening and utilization of heritage buildings, coordinate green spaces, slow-moving systems, marginal lands, flower-cutting lands, sandwich lands, etc., improve environmental quality and features, and create a utilization scene and cultural landscape that integrates heritage buildings with urban spaces and use formats.

　　Fourth, the participation of social forces

　　(14) The organs, groups, enterprises, institutions, collectives and individuals that specifically use cultural relics buildings and are responsible for the opening work are directly responsible for the opening and utilization of cultural relics buildings, and should implement the daily maintenance and management responsibilities. The owner of a cultural relic building should bear the corresponding legal responsibility and supervision responsibility.

　　(fifteen) support all kinds of social institutions with legal personality to become the main users of cultural relics buildings through open competition. The social organization should have strong project planning ability, corresponding supporting resources, rich implementation experience and operational strength. Encourage the same institution to make overall planning and open use of cultural relics buildings in the same area or theme.

　　(sixteen) the administrative departments of cultural relics in each district shall select the cultural relics buildings owned by the state or the collective, and draw up a list of cultural relics buildings that introduce social forces to participate in the protection and utilization. The catalogue includes basic information such as the historical value of cultural relics, the composition of cultural relics, the present situation of preservation, the use area, the demand for protection and utilization, and the situation of owners or users. On the premise of reaching a consensus, it is encouraged to include privately owned cultural relics in the list.

　　With the consent of the district people’s government, the list of cultural relics buildings in each district will be publicly released to the public, and the users and operation plans of cultural relics buildings can be publicly collected through state-owned property rights trading platforms (such as "Beijing Cultural Relics Activation and Utilization Service Platform") and official media platforms. The administrative departments of cultural relics in each district shall organize expert review and report to the district people’s government to determine the main body of cultural relics construction. It is suggested that the relevant departments of cultural tourism (cultural relics), market supervision, urban management, public security, fire protection, hygiene and health, ecological environment and so on in each district establish a joint audit mechanism so that the users of cultural relics buildings can apply for relevant administrative licenses.

　　Administrative institutions land, housing rental, lending and foreign cooperative business matters, in accordance with the relevant departments of finance, government affairs management and other documents.

　　(seventeen) in accordance with the principle of "one place, one policy", the owners of cultural relics buildings and the identified users of cultural relics buildings signed an agreement on protection and utilization, clarifying the requirements for protection and utilization, the rights and obligations of all parties and the liability for breach of contract. State-owned cultural relics buildings without clear owners can be protected and utilized by the district cultural relics administrative department and the users of cultural relics buildings, and reported to the municipal cultural relics administrative department for the record.

　　The user of the cultural relic building can obtain the management and use right of the cultural relic building for a certain period of time; The initial agreement is generally not more than 5 years. After the expiration of the agreement, it is decided whether to renew it according to the performance of the user, and the longest period is generally not more than 20 years. If the agreement is terminated and not renewed, the user shall immediately hand over the cultural relics to all without compensation, damage and integrity.

　　(18) If the users of cultural relics buildings need to pay the rent according to the requirements of the agreement, advocate the property owners to reduce the rent of users who open the cultural relics buildings to the society as public welfare purposes, or reduce the rent of the areas in the leased space that are open to the society as public welfare purposes. A certain proportion of the income from the business activities of the users should be used for the daily maintenance of cultural relics buildings.

　　(nineteen) the use of cultural relics should be subject to supervision and assessment. District cultural relics administrative departments regularly evaluate the protection and utilization performance of cultural relics buildings, including cultural relics safety, opening effectiveness, management measures, social services, satisfaction of tourists and surrounding communities, etc.

　　(20) The management and use of cultural relics buildings by the users shall abide by the provisions of national laws and regulations, adhere to the positive orientation and public welfare attributes, and shall not violate the socialist core values and social public order and good customs; Shall not endanger the cultural relics, and shall not be arbitrarily rebuilt or expanded; Shall not sublet, lend or subcontract others; Shall not change and destroy the original layout, structure and historical features of cultural relics buildings. If the user commits the above acts, the owner of the cultural relic building shall immediately terminate the agreement and investigate the responsibility of the user according to law.

　　(twenty-one) the main body of the use of cultural relics buildings must master the basic requirements of cultural relics protection, establish a daily management system, clarify the scope of responsibilities and division of labor, and implement it to the specific person in charge; 24-hour special personnel on duty and regular inspections; According to the status of cultural relics construction, under the guidance of the district cultural relics administrative department, carry out maintenance in accordance with technical regulations; Install security full coverage monitoring equipment, conduct regular annual inspection of lightning protection, power supply and fire protection facilities to keep the equipment running well; Found major cultural relics diseases and security risks, timely report to the district cultural relics administrative department and take necessary protective measures; Keep a good record of all kinds of work.

　　(twenty-two) the main body of the use of cultural relics buildings can take a flexible opening form according to the specific circumstances, but there must be a relatively fixed opening area and opening hours; Arrange special personnel to provide explanation service; Adjust the number of tourists in real time to meet the carrying capacity requirements; Participate in important festivals and public cultural activities.

　　Encourage users of cultural relics buildings to explore and comprehensively study the value of cultural relics, explain and display the unique value and historical and cultural information of cultural relics buildings, and hold special exhibitions by using the space of cultural relics ontology, affiliated buildings and their courtyards, which can take the forms of physical exhibition of buildings, exhibition of architectural graphic information, design of architectural tours, navigation and explanation, application of virtual reality technology, and production of digital exhibitions.

　　(23) Support the users of cultural relics to tap the unique value of cultural relics, use the image of cultural relics to develop intangible assets and IP incubation operations, research and develop cultural and creative products, cultivate cultural and creative brands, and expand the social influence of cultural relics through product and brand marketing. Relevant intellectual property rights such as copyright and patent rights shall be agreed by the owner and user of the cultural relics building.

　　V. Encouraging and supporting measures

　　(24) The administrative departments of cultural relics in all districts should encourage and support social forces to participate in the protection and utilization of cultural relics buildings, formulate supporting policies and measures, refine operating procedures, timely release the list of cultural relics buildings, quickly handle relevant examination and approval matters, provide relevant business consulting services, and regularly evaluate projects in which social forces participate in the protection and utilization of cultural relics buildings; To judge the participation of social forces in the protection and utilization of cultural relics buildings, find problems in time and improve the work.

　　Encourage the administrative departments of cultural relics in all districts to provide one-stop "cultural relics safety supervision service package" for the users of cultural relics buildings, and give targeted guidance on cultural relics repair, safety assessment, hidden danger investigation and cultural relics inspection.

　　(25) For the cultural relics buildings with clear open utilization methods and open users, the owners or users of cultural relics buildings can apply for the corresponding central, municipal and district financial funds to guarantee the projects that meet the scope and content of financial support.

　　(twenty-six) cultural relics administrative departments at all levels should include the main body of cultural relics construction in the special business training category of cultural relics protection; Organize volunteers to participate in the open use of cultural relics buildings and provide free explanations and services.

　　For social institutions that have some museum functions, but have not yet reached the conditions for registration and filing, support them to be included in the category of "museum-like" cultivation, and give assistance and guidance in collection management, personnel training, publicity and promotion.

　　(27) Encourage the administrative departments of cultural relics in all districts to choose demonstration areas for the protection and utilization of cultural relics and concentrated distribution areas of cultural relics buildings, carry out demonstrations or pilot projects, popularize typical cases, successful experiences and effective models of social forces participating in the protection and utilization of cultural relics buildings, and enhance the sense of acquisition and honor of social forces participating; For those who have made outstanding contributions to the use of cultural relics, they can be awarded the honorary title of "the most beautiful cultural relics guardian"; Study and introduce guiding supporting policies such as rent reduction and guidance funds.

　　Attachment: Agreement on Social Forces Participating in the Protection and Utilization of Cultural Relics Buildings (Reference Text)

　　attachment

Agreement on the participation of social forces in the protection and utilization of cultural relics buildings

(Reference text)

　　Owner of cultural relics building (hereinafter referred to as Party A):

　　Subject of social forces (hereinafter referred to as Party B): (Subject of using cultural relics buildings)

　　Regulatory department: (District-level cultural relics administrative department)

　　According to the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the Protection of Cultural Relics, the Regulations for the Implementation of the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the Protection of Cultural Relics, Several Opinions on Strengthening the Reform of Cultural Relics Protection and Utilization (No.54 [2018] of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China), Guidelines for the Opening of Cultural Relics Buildings (No.24 [2019] of Cultural Relics Protection) and Opinions on Encouraging and Supporting Social Forces to Participate in the Protection and Utilization of Cultural Relics Buildings (No.14 [2022] of Cultural Relics Supervision).

　　Article 1 Party A agrees that under the premise that the ownership of the cultural relic building remains unchanged, Party B shall enjoy the right to manage and use the cultural relic building during its participation in protection and utilization.

　　Article 2 When managing and using cultural relics buildings, Party B shall ensure the safety of cultural relics, and the ownership of cultural relics buildings shall not be changed due to Party B’s investment in renovation.

　　Article 3 (Name of Cultural Relics Building) Basic Information

　　□ National key cultural relics protection units

　　□ Beijing Cultural Relics Protection Unit

　　□ District-level cultural relics protection units

　　□ immovable cultural relics that have not been approved and announced as cultural relics protection units.

　　Location:

　　Coverage area:

　　Historical value:

　　Description of current situation (composition and preservation status of cultural relics, etc.):

　　Article 4 Participation content:

　　Article 5 Forms of participation:

　　Article 6 The term of management and use of this cultural relic building agreement is a total of years, from the date of the year to the date of the year.

　　Article 7 Rights and obligations of Party A:

　　Article 8 Rights and obligations of Party B:

　　Ninth cultural relics safety management requirements:

　　Article 10 Party B shall not endanger the safety of cultural relics, sublet, lend or subcontract to others, change or destroy the original layout, structure and historical features of cultural relics, or arbitrarily rebuild or expand them.

　　Article 11 Party B shall abide by national laws and regulations when managing and using cultural relics buildings, and shall not violate socialist core values, social public order and good customs, and shall not open private clubs or high-end entertainment venues.

　　Article 12 If Party B is unable or unable to continue to perform the protection and management obligations agreed in the agreement during the period of managing and using the cultural relics buildings, this agreement may be terminated through consultation between Party A and Party B and with the approval of the district-level cultural relics administrative department.

　　Article 13 If both parties do not renew the contract after the expiration of this agreement or termination for other reasons, Party B shall unconditionally return the right to manage and use the cultural relics.

　　Article 14 Within 30 days before the expiration of the period for Party B to manage and use the cultural relics, the protection agreement can be renewed with the consent of Party A and Party B and the consent of the district-level cultural relics administrative department.

　　Article 15 Where Party B commits any of the following acts, Party A has the right to terminate the agreement and investigate Party B’s responsibilities according to law, and Party B shall bear legal responsibilities according to law:

　　(1) Repairing, rebuilding or expanding a cultural relic building without approval according to law;

　　(two) unauthorized sale, demolition, damage to cultural relics buildings, building components and ancillary facilities;

　　(three) transfer, mortgage, pledge of cultural relics buildings, or cultural relics buildings as enterprise assets;

　　(four) the use of cultural relics to open private clubs or high-end entertainment venues;

　　(five) unauthorized changes in the use of cultural relics agreed in this agreement.

　　Article 16 For matters not covered in this Agreement, supplementary terms may be concluded through negotiation between Party A and Party B.. Supplementary clauses and annexes are an integral part of this agreement and have the same legal effect as this agreement after being filed with the district-level cultural relics administrative department. When the district-level cultural relics administrative department is Party A, it shall file with the municipal-level cultural relics administrative department.

　　Article 17 Liability for breach of contract:

　　Article 18 If Party B abides by this agreement, Party A shall not take back Party B’s management right of use without reason within the management period.

　　Article 19 In case of any dispute in this agreement, mediation can be submitted to the district-level cultural relics administrative department. When the district-level cultural relics administrative department is Party A, it may submit mediation to the municipal-level cultural relics administrative department. If mediation fails, a lawsuit can be brought to the people’s court, or directly to the people’s court.

　　Article 20 The supervision department for the implementation of this agreement is the district-level cultural relics administrative department, and this agreement shall come into effect after the signatures of both parties and the supervision department.

　　This agreement is made in quadruplicate, one for each party and the district-level cultural relics administrative department, and reported to the municipal cultural relics administrative department for the record.

　　Party A (signature) and Party B (signature)

　　Year month day month day month day.

Regulatory department (signature)

Year month day

　　foreword

　　In 1957, the Canton Fair entered the historical stage, and it was a blockbuster at the beginning of its birth — — The turnover of the Canton Fair in the first year accounted for one-fifth of the total foreign exchange earned in that year, and it was a veritable window of national trade. In the more than 60 years since that year, the venue of the Canton Fair has been moved several times, and the exhibition area has increased dozens of times. It is the long-standing strength of Guangzhou’s urban development and China’s ambition to open its doors wider and wider that has promoted the expansion of venues.

　　The newspaper’s large-scale series report "70 years and 70 years of Guangzhou landmarks" entered the fourth series of exhibition halls today. We selected four important exhibition buildings that accompanied Guangzhou’s growth and still presented them by hand drawing.

　　There are 12 issues in the series "Guangzhou Landmarks in 70 Years and 70 Years". Collect all the pages of this series and complete the puzzle in the shape of "70", and you will have the opportunity to participate in the follow-up activities.

　　The history of exhibition buildings in Guangzhou is also a history of urban construction in Guangzhou and the opening of China. From Haizhu Square, Liuhua to Pazhou, the rise of landmarks witnessed the outward expansion of Guangzhou’s urban skeleton and the eastward movement of CBD, and recorded the greater and more stable pace of China’s opening up.

　　Canton Fair, a fast-growing newborn.

　　At the beginning of the founding of People’s Republic of China (PRC), some western countries imposed "economic blockade" and "goods embargo" on China economically. Guangzhou, which is adjacent to Hong Kong and Macao, held three exhibitions and exchanges of export materials from 1955 to 1956, with remarkable results. At that time, the Commissioner of the Ministry of Foreign Trade in Guangzhou was keenly aware that the national export commodities exhibition and exchange meeting should be held here, and the request was finally approved by the central government. In November, 1956, the China Export Commodities Exhibition was held in the former Sino-Soviet Friendship Building in Guangzhou. The participating merchants came from 37 countries and regions, and the export turnover was US$ 53.8 million.

　　This exhibition is the predecessor of the Canton Fair. In 1957, the former Ministry of Foreign Trade issued a document agreeing to hold an export commodities fair in Guangzhou in April. The first Canton Fair was still held in the Sino-Soviet Friendship Building, with an exhibition area of 9,600 square meters. This Soviet-style building was completed in July 1955, and it was particularly magnificent in Guangzhou, which was in full swing at that time. The Canton Fair was held in spring and autumn, and in the first year, the turnover was 86.86 million US dollars, accounting for 20% of the total foreign exchange generated in that year. The Canton Fair held in Guangzhou has opened up a channel for new China to trade with Southeast Asia and even other countries and regions in the world.

　　As the window of new China’s opening to the outside world, the Canton Fair entered a period of rapid growth as soon as it was born, and the venue expanded again and again. Since 1958, the Canton Fair has been moved to the China Export Commodities Exhibition Hall on Qiaoguang Road in the west of Haizhu Square, with an area of 13,000 square meters, which has increased by nearly 50%, but it still seems to be somewhat stretched. Therefore, in 1959, it took only nine months to build the exhibition hall of Uprising Road (now Binbin Square) with an area of 34,500 square meters, as a "birthday gift" for the 10th anniversary of the founding of New China. In November of that year, the opening of the 6th Canton Fair was ushered in here. Only four years later, the supply of booths became tight again. In 1963 and 1968, the venues around Haizhu Square were allocated to the Canton Fair, and the exhibition area increased to nearly 50,000 square meters.

　　As one of the most important exhibitions in China at that time, the significance of Canton Fair to Guangzhou has already exceeded the scope of ordinary exhibitions, which directly promoted the development of all walks of life in Guangzhou. In the early days of the Canton Fair, the reception services for the opening and closing receptions were exclusively undertaken by Aiqun Hotel. However, with the expansion of the Canton Fair, the demand for one hotel was obviously in short supply. This directly gave birth to the famous "27 layers" — — Guangzhou Hotel, the tallest building after the founding of New China.

　　Exhibition breeds Guangzhou foreign trade buildings

　　After more than 60 years of hard work, the uninterrupted Canton Fair has demonstrated China’s firm determination to open to the outside world. In the past 60 years, Guangzhou, as the venue of the Canton Fair, has received strong support from the state.

　　In the 1970s, the problem of insufficient venue for the Canton Fair became more and more prominent, and the whole urban construction in China basically stopped. With Premier Zhou Enlai’s concern and inquiry, the "Guangzhou Foreign Trade Project" was approved, and the state allocated 60 million yuan to build Liuhua Road Exhibition Hall, Oriental Hotel New Building, Liuhua Hotel and baiyun hotel in the Canton Fair, and a towering foreign trade complex rose.

　　In 1974, Liuhua Road Exhibition Hall was put into use, with a building area of 110,500 square meters and a central air conditioning system. Here, the Canton Fair welcomed the then US Vice President George Bush, the Federal Republic of Germany President karl carstens and other international dignitaries, and more and more countries began to understand China.

　　From Haizhu Square to Liuhua Road, the Canton Fair has been held at two important nodes of Guangzhou’s traditional central axis for more than ten years, which is both a witness and a promoter of Guangzhou’s development. In 1974, Guangzhou Railway Station was completed almost at the same time as Liuhua Exhibition Hall. Together with the old Baiyun Airport, which is five or six kilometers away by car, and convenient transportation, Liuhua area has become Guangzhou’s foreign transportation hub and foreign trade center. In 1976, baiyun hotel, with a height of 114 meters, officially opened, setting a new record for the tallest building in China, just like her "brother" — — Guangzhou hotel built by the spring breeze of Canton Fair.

　　The relocation of Canton Fair gave birth to the "Golden Triangle"

　　Although the name of Canton Fair has been "Guang" for a long time, there was a voice from outside to "study the relocation". With its strength and speed, Guangzhou has proved that this city is the best choice for the Canton Fair.

　　In the 1990s, many enterprises could not enter the Canton Fair because of insufficient booths. In 1993, the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation proposed to rebuild the Canton Fair exhibition hall and make it a world-class exposition. For a time, domestic star cities competed with each other and offered favorable conditions to "attract". Guangzhou, on the other hand, decided to locate Pazhou, and made it clear that the subway leading to the Canton Fair would be built in advance.

　　In 1999, Guangzhou, which finally got the reply from the national ministries and commissions, launched the international invitational competition of architectural design scheme that year. In April 2001, Guangzhou International Convention and Exhibition Center started construction, with a total construction area of over 1.1 million square meters. On December 28th, 2002, the first phase of the project was completed. This speed is unique, and the person in charge of the project is on the construction site on the third day of the year. Because the construction period is short, the consumption of building materials is large, and what kind of materials are needed for construction, there is a shortage of such building materials in the Pearl River Delta.

　　In October 2003, the Canton Fair set up a branch venue in Pazhou for the first time, and all of them moved to Guangzhou International Convention and Exhibition Center five years later. Here, the Canton Fair set a record of $74.76 billion a year and 416,000 buyers a year. Since 2007, the Canton Fair has increased its import exhibition area and renamed it China Import and Export Fair, further opening up to the world. Today, Pazhou has become an exhibition center in Guangzhou and even in South China, making it a "golden triangle" of Guangzhou together with Pearl River New Town and Financial City.

　　Looking back on the past and looking back on the history of Guangzhou’s exhibition, the exhibition area of the venue ranges from the traditional central axis to Pazhou, from 9,600 square meters to nearly 400,000 square meters, and the annual turnover ranges from 86.86 million US dollars to 74.76 billion US dollars. The Canton Fair and Guangzhou have grown together, leaving one milestone after another on the map of urban development and making irreplaceable contributions to China’s opening-up process.

　　Uprising Road Exhibition Hall (now Binbin Square, Haiyin): The piling of the Uprising Road Exhibition Hall (now Binbin Square, Haizhu Square) began in November 1958 and was completed at the end of August the following year; It took only nine months for the project, which was a gift for the 10th anniversary of the founding of New China, to welcome the opening of the 6th China Export Commodities Fair on November 1st, 1959. From 1959 to 1974, this exhibition hall held 29 sessions of Canton Fair.

　　The exhibition hall of Qiyi Road covers an area of 10,900 square meters, with a total construction area of 40,200 square meters (including ancillary buildings) and a usable area of 34,500 square meters. The middle building is 10 stories high and the west and north wings are 8 stories each. In addition to displaying the main export commodities, there are more than 70 transaction negotiation rooms on the first to sixth floors of the museum. During the opening period, there are also service desks for banks, posts and telecommunications, insurance and shipping, sample retail offices and bars on the seventh floor. The pavilion was also an integral part of Zhuhai Danxin, one of the eight scenic spots in Yangcheng at that time.

　　Liuhua Road Exhibition Hall: Liuhua Road Exhibition Hall started in October 1972 and was completed in April 1974. The nine characters of "China Export Commodities Fair" hanging on the front of the main building are handwritten by Guo Moruo. From 1974 to 2008, the pavilion and the Canton Fair spent 34 years together.

　　The exhibition hall covers an area of 98,000 square meters with a total construction area of 110,500 square meters. It is interconnected with many surrounding commercial buildings, five-star hotels and clothing commercial markets, and is adjacent to Guangzhou Railway Station, Yuexiu Park subway station and urban traffic trunk roads. It is an important distribution center for business exchanges. Since 1975, the exhibition hall has been added, expanded, renovated and decorated many times, with a total construction area of 170,000 square meters. In 1980s, the exhibition hall and the adjacent buildings such as Oriental Hotel, Liuhua Hotel and Friendship Theatre were selected as one of the eight scenic spots in Yangcheng, enjoying the reputation of "Liuhua Yuyu".

　　Guangzhou International Convention and Exhibition Center: Guangzhou International Convention and Exhibition Center is located in Pazhou Island. Construction started in April 2001 and was completed and put into use in December 2002, which lasted for 20 months. In October 2003, the 94th Canton Fair tried out some exhibition halls of Pazhou Pavilion for the first time. In April 2004, the first phase of Pazhou Pavilion of the 95th Canton Fair was put into full use. In September 2008, the 104th Canton Fair was moved to Pazhou Exhibition Hall as a whole.

　　The exhibition center covers an area of over 800,000 square meters, with a total construction area of over 1.1 million square meters, a total indoor exhibition area of 340,000 square meters and an outdoor exhibition area of 43,600 square meters. It was a modern exhibition hall with the most advanced facilities and complete functions in Asia at that time. Looking down from a height, it is like a white cloud fluttering on the river. The design concept of the convention and exhibition center comes from the "floating" of the Pearl River, and the undulating roof makes it seem to fly from the Pearl River.

　　Baiyun International Conference Center: Guangzhou Baiyun International Conference Center started construction in October 2005 and was completed in March 2007. It is located in the middle of Baiyun District, east of Baiyun Avenue, facing Baiyun Mountain National Scenic Area, west of Airport East Road, the former site of Baiyun Airport, and south of Guangzhou Gymnasium.

　　Baiyun International Conference Center covers an area of about 250,000 square meters. The main building includes three conference and exhibition centers and two supporting hotels, including more than 100,000 square meters of conference venues and nearly 20,000 square meters of exhibition venues. The conference hall, supporting facilities and hotels stand in parallel in the north and south, forming a unique "visual corridor" while effectively reducing the impact of direct sunlight on the room.

　　Expert perspective Guangzhou International Convention and Exhibition Center is so "floating"　　

　　Ni Yang: Dean of Architectural Design and Research Institute of South China University of Technology

　　Guangzhou International Convention and Exhibition Center, floating on Pazhou Island, is like a warm wind blowing to the south bank of the Pearl River. In 1999, the international bidding for architectural scheme design was launched, and the scheme from Japan "floated" to the Pearl River. From the initial "sticking to the ground" design to the light "floating" now, it is behind the repeated optimization and polishing by the Chinese and Japanese designers. Construction started in 2001, and the first phase was delivered in 2002. Up to now, after 17 spring and autumn periods, this building at the turn of the century is still a landmark of exhibitions in Guangzhou and even South China.

　　In 1999, Guangzhou International Convention and Exhibition Center publicly solicited architectural design schemes for the whole world. The competition lasted for three months, and then after 40 days of optimization design, all parties concerned finally chose the scheme of Sato Comprehensive Plan in Japan. The Tokyo BIG SIGHT, which was completed in November 1995, was created by this company and is still the largest exhibition venue in Japan.

　　The concept of the scheme proposed by Sato of Japan for Guangzhou International Convention and Exhibition Center is "gone with the wind", which is like a warm river wind blowing to Pazhou Island, and the design is light and elegant. The streamlined exhibition hall is high in the south and low in the north, and there is one less exhibition hall facing the north side of the Pearl River. The wavy roof is naturally connected with the green land. At the beginning, an open hydrophilic park was arranged along the Pearl River on the north side of the land, which introduced the river water to form fountains and waterfalls, forming a landscape of "canals" and "bridges".

　　As a cooperative designer in China, the Architectural Design and Research Institute of South China University of Technology is responsible for the construction drawing design, which is equivalent to putting a romantic design plan on the ground and meets the economic and practical needs. Dean Ni Yang said: "We made the most important optimization, that is, we lifted the building, and the original exhibition hall ‘ Post ’ On the ground, the underground space is only 2.2 meters, and only some pipeline equipment can be put. We decided to increase the bottom plate and raise the pillars in the basement to 4.8 meters, which suddenly increased the underground space by 130,000 square meters. "

　　From the functional point of view, more than 4,000 indoor parking spaces have been added to the 130,000 square meters, which not only transferred the original outdoor parking spaces to the underground, but also released the external green space, and provided the center with a dining area of tens of thousands of square meters. After the underground space is heightened, the equipment center originally located 300 meters outside the exhibition hall can be moved into the building, which greatly shortens the length of water, electricity and other pipelines, reduces the energy loss, and is also convenient for pipeline maintenance.

　　"From an economic point of view, the cost of raising the building is not high. When the total cost is only slightly increased, the usable area is greatly increased, and the average cost is significantly reduced, which plays a very positive role in the overall balance of payments." This is a very high cost-effective adjustment. "From the aesthetic point of view, after the elevation, the building is more ‘ Gone with the wind ’ The beauty. " Ni Yang said.

　　People’s feelings, high-end exhibition venues are integrated into citizens’ daily lives.

　　Huang Yimin

　　Former photojournalist

　　Huang Yimin is an "old Guangzhou" who has lived and worked in Guangzhou for decades. He recalled that the first time he saw the Canton Fair was the old China Export Commodities Fair in Haizhu Square. "At that time, I saw the appearance of this building, which was eight stories high and very large. However, during the fair, ordinary people will not be allowed to visit. "

　　Later, the Canton Fair Pavilion was moved to Liuhua Exhibition Center, "‘ China Export Commodities Fair ’ The golden characters embedded in the long rows of glass curtain walls are very imposing, and a Soviet building in the 1950 s is still wrapped inside. When entering the hall, you can see the huge Soviet-style arched exhibition hall on the front. " He recalled.

　　With the continuous expansion of trade scale, the Canton Fair has been moved to Pazhou Convention and Exhibition Center in 2008, and Liuhua Exhibition Center has also been given a new mission — — Create "Old Guangjiao IP Silicon Valley". According to Huang Yimin, who has recorded Guangzhou for decades with a camera, it is an inevitable trend for Guangzhou’s convention and exhibition economy to settle in Pazhou, which shows that the economic strength of Guangzhou and even China is constantly increasing. "Exported goods go abroad and are increasingly welcomed by foreign countries. The Liuhua Road Canton Fair has condensed a precious historical memory. "

　　Ouyang Xiao

　　Neighborhood near Guangzhou New Gymnasium

　　"When Baiyun International Conference Center first opened, this area was quite desolate." Ouyang Xiao, an old neighborhood who has lived nearby for nearly 15 years, recalled that when he first moved here, there were not many people nearby. After Baiyun Airport moved away, there were still people growing vegetables in the open space left behind. "Looking around, the most conspicuous building is the Ferris wheel of Oriental Paradise."

　　In 2004, the Oriental Paradise was closed for demolition. "After the Ferris wheel disappeared, a conference center was built in this area in a few years." At that time, seeing the Baiyun Conference Center with five main buildings arranged in the north and south, Ouyang Xiao said, "I feel that this magnificent conference center is very high-end, and its main color is crimson, which looks solemn."

　　Slowly, Ouyang Xiao found in his life that the conference center is not only a high-end venue for holding exhibitions and conferences, but also has been integrated into the daily life of residents. She said that the conference center is adjacent to Baiyun Mountain, and the air is also very good. "After the vehicles coming to the conference in the evening leave, we will come here for a leisurely walk after dinner, and walk around for almost half an hour, which is very comfortable." Ouyang Xiao told reporters that by the end of the week, there were still many children flying kites here in the West Square, and many tourists coming down from Baiyun Mountain went straight to the restaurant in the conference center to have a meal and rest. "It carries many functions of leisure and entertainment for nearby residents, and it is very kind to look at it."

　　Wu Yan

　　Representatives of exhibitors from Guangzhou Hutou Battery Group

　　Since graduating from university in 2001, Wu Yan has participated in the Canton Fair for 18 consecutive years. Witnessed the historic moment when the Canton Fair moved from Liuhua Exhibition Center to Pazhou Convention and Exhibition Center as a whole. She believed that the biggest change before and after was that the professionalism of the exhibition was greatly improved: "The participating enterprises were carefully divided according to the industry to which the specific products belonged, and they all belonged to a unified area."

　　Compared with Liuhua Exhibition Center before the relocation, Wu Yan said that Pazhou Exhibition Center has a more modern architectural style, a larger exhibition hall and more brand booths: "Before attending the Canton Fair, our company shared a booth with another enterprise of the Light Industry Group, and now our company rented eight booths separately."

　　Wu Yan said that transportation also reflected the improvement of the professionalism of the Canton Fair after moving to Pazhou Convention and Exhibition Center. "Compared with the Liuhua period, the subway here is more developed, and the vehicles for the exhibition are directly driven to the exhibition hall, which is much more convenient."

　　Architectural catalogue

　　Sino-Soviet Friendship Building

　　1955

　　The first Canton Fair was held here, with an exhibition hall area of 9,600 square meters.

　　China export commodities exhibition hall

　　1958

　　From the 3rd session, the Canton Fair was moved to the exhibition hall on Qiaoguang Road in the west of Haizhu Square, and the exhibition hall area was expanded to 13,000 square meters.

　　Qiyi road exhibition hall

　　1959

　　As a gift project for the 10th anniversary of the founding of New China, it welcomed the opening of the 6th Canton Fair in 1959. This exhibition hall has held 29 sessions of Canton Fair.

　　Liuhualu exhibition hall

　　1974

　　The "China Export Commodities Fair" hanging on the front of the main building is handwritten by Guo Moruo. From 1974 to 2008, the pavilion and the Canton Fair spent 34 years together.

　　Guangzhou International Convention and Exhibition Center

　　In 2002

　　Covering an area of over 800,000 square meters, it was the most advanced and fully functional modern exhibition hall in Asia at that time.

　　Jinhan exhibition center

　　In 2002

　　Adjacent to the former site of the Canton Fair on Liuhua Road, it has been demolished and the Yuexiu Exhibition Center has been rebuilt in situ.

　　Baiyun International Conference Center

　　In 2007

　　Baiyun International Conference Center covers an area of about 250,000 square meters and receives an average of more than 3,000 meetings, exhibitions, performances and banquets at home and abroad every year.

　　Guangzhou Poly World Trade Expo Hall

　　the year of 2008

　　Covering an area of 28,770 square meters, adjacent to Guangzhou International Convention and Exhibition Center, it is one of the emerging exhibition buildings in Pazhou.

　　Guangzhou Pazhou International Procurement Center

　　In 2009

　　It is also located in Pazhou, covering a total area of about 110,000 square meters.

　　nan fung international conference and exhibition center

　　In 2013

　　Covers an area of 32,836 square meters. It is another modern professional exhibition hall in Pazhou.

　　Thematic Coordination: Guangzhou Daily All Media Reporter Wang Xiaoyun Hand-painted: Guangzhou Daily All Media Reporter Yang Xiaoming

　　Author of this edition: Guangzhou Daily, all-media reporter Li Tianyan and Wu Yangyu.