1905 movie network news In 2000, Liu Cixin, the first person in China science fiction, published short stories, which won Liu Cixin the special prize of China Science Fiction Galaxy Award. Twenty years later, I experienced project establishment, adaptation, filming and post-production … … The film The Wandering Earth, directed by Frant Gwo and adapted from Liu Cixin’s novel of the same name, is finally coming steadily step by step!

On January 28th, the highly anticipated sci-fi film The Wandering Earth, which belongs to us, held a grand premiere in Beijing with the theme of "Towards the Future". Director Frant Gwo, the original author of The Wandering Earth Liu Cixin, specially starred in Jason Wu, starring Qu Chuxiao, Li Guangjie, Ng Man Tat and Angel, starring Mike Sui, Qu Jingjing, Zhang Yichi, Yang Haoyu, Li Hongchen, Yang Yi, Jiang Zhigang and Zhang Huanquan. The atmosphere was warm and touching. When Jason Wu saw his son’s surprise, he even shed tears on the spot. Although The Wandering Earth is a sci-fi movie, it shows a strong Chinese affection, which is suitable for the whole family to watch during the Spring Festival.

China sci-fi movies set sail. Netizens joked that director Frant Gwo "Wolf Warriors with empty gloves"

Coinciding with the traditional festival of China "off-year", the premiere of the movie The Wandering Earth "Running to the Future" kicked off in a jubilant lion dance performance, with The Wandering Earth director Frant Gwo, original producer and producer Liu Cixin and special star Jason Wu first on stage. First of all, Liu said that the film The Wandering Earth has a "personality": "The Wandering Earth showed China people’s feelings about their homeland and home on the space scale for the first time, which shocked their hearts. I hope that more people can feel the charm of China’s science fiction this Spring Festival and feel this China science fiction movie full of heavy feelings and Chinese feelings. "

In the face of teacher Liu Cixin’s high praise, director Frant Gwo bluntly said that he was "very nervous" and said that "we are like students facing a big exam, and now we have to hand in the papers with a nervous mood." Wu Jing, who is on the side, is completely opposite to the director Frant Gwo’s uneasiness and has full confidence in The Wandering Earth and Jason Wu. He told the audience: "This movie was really difficult to shoot, but director Frant Gwo did it! He has been particularly nervous recently, so it is necessary for me to cheer him up and come on! All the hard work is worth it. "

Facing the support from all sides, director Frant Gwo feels warm. He thanked the soul of The Wandering Earth at the scene — — Liu Cixin, the original and producer, especially thanked Jason Wu, and even broke the news at the scene that "Brother Jing was cheated". Jason Wu responded that Frant Gwo was a "liar director". He spoke out: "At first, seeing the director was like seeing himself when shooting, and he was infected and agreed to make a guest appearance in The Wandering Earth. I didn’t expect this guest appearance to last for 31 days, and I didn’t expect that not only did I not get paid, but I had to "bring money into the group." So, The Wandering Earth’ fooled’ me in like this. In the end, we can only fight for our own science fiction movies! " The audience laughed and called "Frant Gwo directed Wolf Warriors with empty gloves". In addition, Jason Wu also said: "This movie is actually a gift I want to give my son, and I want to plant an imaginative seed in his heart." Under the influence of the atmosphere, director Frant Gwo took photos on the shoulders of Jason Wu and Liu Cixin respectively, and the scene was once full of warmth.

　

Outside the play, Jason Wu and his son revealed their true feelings. Wu called it a surprise to send a painting. Qu Chuxiao shouldered the "old father"

At the premiere of the theme "Towards the Future", the MV of the theme song "Wandering with the Earth" created by teacher Liu Huan for The Wandering Earth was also shown. Wandering with the Earth, with its magnificent soundtrack and strong emotions, slowly reveals the Chinese father-son relationship and China people’s attachment to their homes and land. At the scene, some members of the "Adventure Team" in the movie The Wandering Earth, Qu Chuxiao, Li Guangjie, Ng Man Tat and Angel, took the stage to share their strong feelings with Jason Wu.

Jason Wu said: "When a child is young, his father is a mountain, carrying the child to support a sky. As an ordinary person, everyone hopes that when he is old, his son can support this family like his father and’ resist’ his father. When it comes to emotion, Qu Chuxiao, who plays Jason Wu’s son in the movie The Wandering Earth, explains how to hold up a sky with practical actions. The two of them have a "father’s love is like a mountain" hug for the first time, and Qu Chuxiao tries his best to carry Jason Wu on his shoulder, which causes the audience to burst into laughter.

Of course, there is a deep affection between father and son in the play. Outside the play, Jason Wu has many words to tell his son Wu. He said: "In reality, I actually owe my son Wu so-called that he missed many growth moments in his life, so I hope that parents must spend as much time with their children as possible and let them feel their parents’ love for them." Surprisingly, a surprise gift that Wu called specially prepared for his father — — A picture of his father, Jason Wu, and what he wanted to say to his father was drawn by himself. Jason Wu, who was unprepared, read what his son wanted to say to himself and couldn’t help crying. He said, "When you are a parent, your eyes will become shallow." This kind of iron man’s tenderness has moved many audiences at the scene.

At the end of the premiere ceremony, all the masters of The Wandering Earth took the stage, and director Frant Gwo confided the truth on the spot: "I hope that The Wandering Earth can give everyone, especially the children, the wings of imagination. I believe that the future of China science fiction will be better and better, full of more imagination and possibilities." At the event site, La Peikang, Chairman of China Film Co., Ltd. and Song Ge, Chairman and President of Beijing Culture, also presented exquisite derivatives for the crew. And sent a message: "I hope children can see the future of science fiction."

　　　　

The premiere of The Wandering Earth’s theme "Rushing to the Future" ended with the blessing of "China’s science fiction welcomes the future, and China’s Spring Festival is blessed with everything".

　

The premiere of The Wandering Earth was hot, and all the stars and professionals were moved to tears

After the lively premiere of the film The Wandering Earth, the film finally ushered in a hot screening. Many viewers gathered to watch the film for the first time. After the screening, director Frant Gwo, original author and producer Liu Cixin of The Wandering Earth, especially starred in Jason Wu, starring Qu Chuxiao, Li Guangjie, Ng Man Tat, Angel and others, went into the cinema to communicate with the audience at close range, and got the most authentic reputation at the first time. The response at the scene was enthusiastic, and the most heard sentence by the founders was: "The movie is too shocking and moving." Facing the support of the audience, Frant Gwo said frankly: "Thank you for your trust. There are no superheroes in The Wandering Earth, and every character is an ordinary person. But often a choice of ordinary people can change the world and even save the world. " And this is precisely the core that the film wants to convey to the audience.

In addition to the general audience, the film was highly praised, and there were many filmmakers and aerospace, science and other professionals in the audience in The Wandering Earth. Teacher Wang Chunhe, former Minister of Corporate Culture of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation and executive director of China Hi-Tech Industrialization Research Association, said with excitement: "As an astronaut, I was deeply shocked after seeing The Wandering Earth. This film has given an important inspiration to young people in China. We should cherish the earth and our home. At the same time, it also gives young people an inspiration. We must be curious and have imagination. " The most mysterious special performance in the film The Wandering Earth, the famous actor Guo Jingfei, appeared. He said that his role was an egg, and he would be deeply impressed after watching the film. At the same time, he joked: "I didn’t expect my man Li Guangjie to be so sexy in the movie."

In addition, Zhou Hongyi, the chairman of Qihoo 360 and a famous angel investor, also watched The Wandering Earth. He was excited and said: "As a loyal fan of Liu Cixin and a person who has great requirements for movies, he was very surprised after watching The Wandering Earth. The film not only reached the world leading level in science fiction films or adventure films." At the same time, Zhou Hongyi also praised the movie clips on the spot. "It’s full of rhythm and it’s so enjoyable to watch."

There are also famous directors Cao Baoping, Xú Zhēng, Han Yan and Sheng Ding, famous actors Chen Kun, Yao Chen, Wang Zhi and Bao Beier, and famous screenwriters Liu Zhenyun, Alex Chen, Dong Runnian and other film practitioners also watched the film Wandering Earth together. Xu Zheng praised the film, blessed Frant Gwo and was proud of him. Yao Chen joked: "Director Frant Gwo has been crazy for four years because of The Wandering Earth. It is hard to imagine how he paid the rent during this period."

The film The Wandering Earth is about to officially set sail on the first day of the New Year in 2019. Facing the word of mouth of all parties, Director Frant Gwo emphasized: "The first year of China science fiction movies is not opened by a movie, but it should be called’ the first year of China science fiction’ after the appearance of China science fiction movies, and China science fiction movies can be truly established."

The movie The Wandering Earth will be officially released on February 5th, 2019.

The main forces of our army participating in the "Oriental -2018" strategic exercise are a heavy synthetic battalion and a medium-sized synthetic battalion, which are jointly organized into the "Red Army" with the three group armies of the Eastern Russian Military Region to counter the "Blue Army" composed of the two group armies of the Central Russian Military Region. The integration degree of this exercise is far better than any previous Sino-Russian joint exercise, so it provides us with the best opportunity to observe and compare the similar equipment of the Chinese and Russian armies at close range.

Main battle tanks: each has its own characteristics, and the number of Russia is dominant.

The main battle tank model of our army participating in the "Oriental -2018" strategic exercise is Type 99, not the most advanced Type 99A in active service. The Russian main battle tanks were earlier T-72BV and later improved T-72B3. In our usual impression, the T-72 series are all "low-equipped" third-generation main battle tanks with overall performance lower than that of Type 99. Actually, it is not. In fact, from T-72M to T-72B/BV in the early 1980s to T-72B3/B3M which has been greatly improved now, although it still belongs to the same model family, its overall performance is not the same. In particular, Russia’s latest improved T-72B3M, after refitting with a 1130 HP turbocharged diesel engine and the same main gun and fire control system as the T-90, is very close to our army’s 99-type main battle tank in overall performance. Moreover, the T-72B3M can also use a 9M119M gun-launched missile with a range of 5000m and an armor-piercing power of 900mm.

中俄主战坦克引领阅兵方阵。

另外，我们还需要注意到的是，目前俄罗斯陆军已经完成了主战坦克的“三代化”，即全部为T-72、T-80和T-90三大系列，并且正在向第四代主战坦克T-14过渡。之前从苏联时代遗留下来的T-55、T-64等老旧坦克都已经全部退役封存。相比之下，我国陆军现役还有为数不少的59式、88式等第一代和第二代主战坦克，要完全实现“三代化”还需时日。

而且，俄罗斯陆军目前还有大量封存储备的T-72、T-80和T-90主战坦克，总数超过上万辆。因此，可以看到，当俄军要扩充主战坦克装备数量时，并不需要大批量采购全新生产的坦克，只要从储备中挑选状态比较好的进行翻新和升级就可以。而我国陆军还处在采购全新第三代主战坦克代替老式第一代和第二代主战坦克的过程中，相对来说要付出更多的成本。

Infantry fighting vehicles: China has a complete range of wheeled fighting vehicles.

In terms of crawler-type combat vehicles, the Chinese Army mainly dispatched Type 86 infantry combat vehicles this time. The Russian army can be described as elite, including improved BMP-2, BMP-3 infantry fighting vehicles and BMD-3/4 paratroopers fighting vehicles. The reason why we didn’t send our most advanced 04A infantry fighting vehicle is that the participating troops haven’t changed their clothes. However, no matter from the type or general performance, the Russian army still has deeper strength in the development and use of tracked vehicles and chassis.

For example, Russian BMP-2 is still improving, and its combat performance is also advancing with the times by improving fire control performance and replacing a new generation of 9M133 "cornet" anti-tank missiles. BMD-4 is the most powerful paratrooper chariot in the world at present, which is equipped with the same fire system as BMP-3, and can almost be called an airborne tank. In addition, MT-LB, a seemingly old crawler-type universal chassis, is still in its prime and plays an irreplaceable role in the Russian army.

In terms of wheeled chariots, I’m afraid the Russian army will envy our army. At present, the main wheeled chariot of Russian army is BTR-82A, which appeared in the exercise, but it is only an improved model of the original BTR-80. Our army sent 08 type 8X8 wheeled infantry fighting vehicle and 11 type 105mm 8X8 assault vehicle, which are outstanding among domestic 8X8 wheeled vehicles, and their overall performance is beyond the reach of Russian BTR-82A. Especially the 11-type 105mm 8X8 assault vehicle, the Russian army has long been eager to equip this new type of equipment with high maneuverability and powerful firepower. However, limited by the design of Russian-made BTR-80 wheeled chassis, it can not be converted into a large-caliber assault vehicle at all, and the Russian army does not have such a suitable artillery as the 105 mm rifle. Therefore, during the period when Russia had the best relationship with European countries, the Russian army once wanted to purchase a batch of "Centauri" 105 mm wheeled assault guns from Italy, but it failed in the end. Nowadays, many Russian officers and men will feel a lot of emotion when they see our 11-type 105mm 8X8 assault vehicle.

The overall performance of Type 08 8X8 wheeled infantry fighting vehicle is beyond the reach of Russian BTR-82A.

Self-propelled artillery: modular technology leads China.

In this exercise, our army dispatched 07-type 122mm tracked self-propelled howitzer and 09-type 122mm 8 X 8 self-propelled howitzer. Two different chassis and the same fire system show China’s achievements and strength in the development of 122 mm howitzers. However, on the other hand, the Russian army participated in the 2S1 122mm tracked self-propelled howitzer which was equipped in 1972. At present, 2S1 has more than 500 pieces of equipment in the Russian army.

These two kinds of 122mm self-propelled howitzers of our army, like the Russian 2S1, have their fire systems derived from the Soviet D30 122mm towed howitzers. However, since the D30 and 2S1 were equipped with troops, the Russian army has basically given up the development of 122 mm artillery, but replaced it with 120 mm howitzers from the perspective of simplifying logistics support and artillery equipment system. In this way, in the future, the new generation of large-caliber barrel suppression artillery of the Russian army will mainly be 152 mm howitzers and 120 mm forced howitzers. However, this dressing plan obviously did not go smoothly.

In contrast, our army has simultaneously promoted the development of 155 mm howitzers, 122 mm howitzers and 120 mm forced howitzers in large-caliber barrel suppression artillery. The 122 mm howitzer has developed three generations of crawler type, vehicle-mounted type, wheeled armored type and amphibious type. The same is true of the development of 120 mm howitzer, and the derivative models of its different chassis are not less than those of Russia. In this way, through the coordinated use of three different caliber and types of barrel suppression artillery, our artillery units can be more handy in attacking enemy targets.

At present, there are more than 500 pieces of 2S1 self-propelled howitzers in the Russian army. The picture shows the 2S1 self-propelled howitzers being fired.

In the grand military parade of the "Oriental -2018" strategic exercise, we also saw the 2S25 Octopus -SD 125mm tracked self-propelled anti-tank gun. Nowadays, with the retirement of Type 89 120mm tracked self-propelled anti-tank gun, there is no chariot similar to 2S25 in the equipment sequence of our army.

2S25 Octopus -SD is equipped with a lightweight 2A75 125mm smoothbore gun, but it can fire all the ammunition of the main gun of the same caliber main battle tank, and its damage power is not compromised. On the contrary, because the gun adopts the chassis of BMD-3 paratroopers, it also has the same high maneuverability and airdrop capability. Therefore, 2S25 Octopus -SD has become the most powerful direct support firepower for its airborne troops after being equipped with Russian troops. At present, our army has not equipped airborne troops with similar large-caliber tracked self-propelled anti-tank guns, and the main constraint is whether the lightweight 125mm smoothbore gun can be successfully developed. Europe, America and Russia have achieved this technological breakthrough, and China still needs to catch up.

In terms of rockets, our army sent 11-type 122mm modular self-propelled rockets, while the Russian army participated in the old BM-21 Hail 122mm and BM-27 Hurricane 220mm wheeled rockets. The 11-type 122 mm modular self-propelled rocket launcher is the latest main battle suppression weapon of our army, which is divided into two types: wheeled and crawler, replacing the previous 81-type and 89-type self-propelled rocket launchers respectively. The gun adopts two modular packaging integrated launch boxes, each equipped with 20 directors, so the number of spare bombs is 40 as BM-21 Hail. However, the loading speed of our army’s 11-type 122 mm modular self-propelled rocket launcher is much faster than BM-21 Hail, and the fire control system is more advanced. More importantly, the maximum range of the new 122 mm rocket launched by the Type 11 self-propelled rocket launcher has exceeded 40 kilometers, which is twice that of the same type of ammunition of the Russian army. You know, our army’s 122mm rocket launcher technology originally originated from BM-21 "Hail", but now it has already left the similar equipment of Soviet Russia far behind, which can be described as shine on you is better than Blue.

The loading speed of 11-type 122 mm modular self-propelled rocket launcher is much faster than BM-21 "Hail".

Field air defense system: Russia realizes full self-reliance and integration

As early as the Cold War, the Soviet Army attached great importance to the field air defense capability, so on the one hand, it realized all the self-integration and integration of the air defense system, on the other hand, it quickly built a field air defense system with self-defense missile system as the main part and self-defense antiaircraft gun system as the supplement. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the Russian Army also basically inherited a complete set of field air defense systems, from the earlier ZSU-23-4 23mm self-propelled antiaircraft gun to the latest self-propelled air defense missile systems such as Doyle -M2, Armor -S1 and Beech, with nearly 10 models. Coupled with the S-300V long-range air defense missile system, it can be said that the Russian Army has the most powerful field air defense system in the army of various countries.

In contrast, the integrated high-mobility field air defense missile system equipped by the Chinese Army only has Doyle -M1 purchased from Russia and domestic model Hongqi -17. Other air defense missile systems, such as Hongqi -6, Hongqi -7 and Hongqi -16, need to be deployed on multiple platforms of the whole system before they can carry out operations, and cannot be protected with marching troops. The field air defense missile systems such as "Doyle" and "Tunguska" can completely launch missiles and intercept incoming targets while moving, and become an umbrella for armored forces to move. Therefore, in this exercise, the air defense of our army’s participating troops mainly relies on the Russian field air defense system. In this regard, China’s army field air defense system needs to be further improved.

Helicopters: each has its own emphasis, and Russian heavy-duty military forces are dominant.

Helicopter is also a very important item in the army equipment system. In this exercise, the Chinese Army dispatched Zhi -19 armed reconnaissance helicopter and Zhi -9 medium-sized general-purpose helicopter. These two types of military helicopters are exactly what the Russian army and aviation forces do not have. As early as 2005, Russian Kazan Helicopter Company exhibited an armed reconnaissance helicopter named "Anseth" -2RT, but it failed to arouse the interest of Russian troops. The card -62 similar to Zhi -9 is still in the test flight verification, and it will take some time to put it into use. Of course, on the other hand, the Mi -35 heavy armed transport helicopter and the Ka -52 heavy attack helicopter of the Russian Army Air Force are also types of equipment that our Army Air Force does not have. Therefore, the army and aviation units of the two armies can complement each other in equipment and better accomplish their combat missions.

Chinese and Russian armed helicopters fired rockets during the exercise.

Enlightenment and reference

Generally speaking, the development path of China’s army equipment system is more similar to that of European and American countries, and it has absorbed many advanced ideas and concepts of the latter, including a large number of services of 8X8 wheeled armored combat vehicles and Warrior 4X4 high-mobility wheeled chassis. Moreover, China has made great efforts in the informationization, digitalization and networking of the army’s main battle equipment, all of which are aimed at catching up with the armies of European and American countries. In addition, on the basis of drawing lessons from foreign advanced experience, China’s army has also embarked on its own unique development path in terms of organizational reform, division reform, and highly integrated troops.

In contrast, the Russian army has taken many detours in both the establishment system and the equipment system. Including the repetition of the division-brigade preparation, and the new generation of main battle equipment such as T-14, which is unable to equip in large quantities after successful research and development, can only go back and continue to improve old equipment. Fortunately, since the end of the Cold War, the Russian army has accumulated rich practical experience and learned many bloody lessons through many local wars. Reflected in the development of equipment, we can see that the Russian army has an unusual enthusiasm for research and development of unmanned combat platforms and vehicle-mounted remote-controlled weapon stations. Therefore, although the development of Russian military equipment is tortuous, it is always exploring its own path. Promoting equipment development with operational needs will be the main driving force of Russian military’s future equipment system.

"Talking about Military Affairs" is a personal column written by Huang Guozhi, a senior editor of a well-known military magazine, for the defense of the surging tide. With an objective and rigorous attitude, supplemented by lively and refined language, it tries to "break the defense fog" and provide readers with a better understanding of the gap between China and foreign countries in equipment technology. )

Twenty days ago, on the bank of Yongding River in Beijing, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader shoveled soil to make pits, raised soil and cofferdams, lifted water and watered them, and planted many seedlings.

This scene overlaps with his "micro-lens" of carrying a shovel to do farm work in Liangjiahe, northern Shaanxi decades ago and participating in sand control work in Gulang, Gansu a few years ago, which reflects the consistent nature of the people’s leaders.

Coming from the working people, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader advocates labor and respects laborers. He said that model workers are outstanding representatives of the working people and the most beautiful workers.

In the spring of 2013, in an ordinary conference room of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, the General Secretary sat down with 65 representatives of model workers from different industries and different periods from all over the country to have a heart-to-heart talk. He said, "Seeing everyone, I am in awe of the model workers, and the feelings of respecting knowledge and labor arise."

On that day, Liang Jun, who was rated as a national model worker at the age of 21, shared her dream of building Beidacang when she was young. The general secretary responded affectionately: "Your deeds are known to people of our age. The first female tractor driver in China, you are amazing. "

At this symposium, the general secretary expounded his thoughts on "nothing is difficult in the world". He pointed out: everything in the world is hard. The brighter the future, the more we need to work hard.

On November 24, 2020, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader attended the National Commendation Conference for Model Workers and Advanced Workers and delivered an important speech.

Gansu Gulang Babusha Forest Farm also witnessed the general secretary’s respect for workers.

On August 21, 2019, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader who came here for an inspection leaned over and turned over the sand with the staff of the forest farm, and soon opened a straight ditch more than two meters long in the sand.

Guo Wangang, a representative of the afforestation people and a national model worker, was also at the scene. He told the General Secretary that it is with this manual labor mode that "one tree, one handful of grass, and sand can be pressed against the wind", and three generations have accumulated more than 200,000 mu of sand control and afforestation.

"It is not easy for your generations to stick to it for decades." The general secretary said with emotion, "I want to learn from you." A few months later, when the supreme leader delivered a New Year message, a photo of him with the staff of the forest farm was placed on the bookshelf behind him.

Heroes come from the people, and models come from the masses.

Meng Tai, Defender of Blast Furnace, Wang Jinxi, Iron Man, Deng Jiaxian, Outstanding Representative of Intellectuals, Shi Chuanxiang, Blue-collar Expert Kong Xiangrui, Gold Medal Worker Dou Tiecheng, Iron Man Wang Qimin in New Era, Lei Feng Xu Hu in New Era and Knowledge Worker. …

This is a long list of names blurted out by the general secretary at a forum.

They, "do one line, love one line, specialize in one line and be good at one line." Their stories explain what a model worker is; Their struggle is the spirit of model workers.

On August 21, 2019, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader was in Babusha Forest Farm, Gulang County, Wuwei City, Gansu Province, and turned over the sand and ditched with the forest farm staff.

"Labor is the source of all happiness." General Secretary of the Supreme Leader once said that the model workers’ spirit of "loving their posts and being dedicated, striving for first-class, working hard, being brave in innovation, being indifferent to fame and fortune and being willing to contribute" is a vivid embodiment of the great spirit of the times.

On the last day of April, 2018, the undergraduate class of model workers in China Institute of Labor Relations received a special reply from the "Supreme Leader". The general secretary wrote in the letter: "I am very happy to receive your letter." You have made outstanding contributions to the development of the cause of the party and the country, and you have been rated as a model worker. Now you are studying for further study. This is a praise for your hard work and selfless dedication, and it is also the concern of the party and the country for workers. "

Huang Baomei, a model worker who came out of the textile workshop, worked hard all his life to realize the dream of "the whole country is well dressed". A few years ago, the general secretary had a cordial conversation with her during an inspection tour in Shanghai, praising her as a "witness, participant and devotee" of national development.

Wang Lanhua, a model worker who grew up with the Republic, is called "Living Lei Feng" in the community. She said that when she is tired and hard, she often thinks of what the general secretary said, "socialism is done."

In today’s China, dreams come true one after another, which cannot be separated from every worker’s dream-chasing running.

From scientific and technological miracles such as "Shenzhou" flying and "Eye of the Sky" sounding, to major projects such as the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, and to tough battles such as precision poverty alleviation and pollution prevention & HELIP; … All aspects of economic and social development have left the struggle footprints of model workers.

At an altitude of more than 40 meters, Zhu Shijie, a bridge crane driver, can always complete container loading and unloading quickly and accurately in the face of complex and changeable weather and ship types with different specifications.

On March 29th, 2020, on a rainy spring day, the General Secretary visited Chuanshan Port Area of Zhoushan Port in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, and Zhu Shijie was also on the scene. The accompanying inspector told the General Secretary: "At the end of 2006, when you personally started the lifting button of the 7 millionth TEU on this dock, he was the operator who lifted the container."

When he met Zhu Shijie, the general secretary told him to play a good role as a model worker and bring out more model workers.

The general secretary hopes that the model workers will inspire more people with their own energy, enterprising spirit and hard work, and encourage the broad masses of working people to strive to be strugglers in the new era.

On September 26, 2018, in China Yizhong Group, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader walked among the workers and had a cordial exchange with them.

He praised "everyone has made contributions, everyone is great" and "model workers are outstanding representatives of the working people and the most beautiful workers".

He is far-sighted, "providing all-round support for model workers to better display their talents and show their spiritual character, so that their labor skills, innovative methods and management experience can be widely spread."

He personally, "vigorously publicize the advanced deeds of model workers in the whole society and call on the whole society to learn from them and pay tribute to them."

He earnestly enjoined, "In a country with a population of 1.4 billion, everyone can make a contribution and gather into an overwhelming force. If everyone does one thing and does a good job, the cause of the party and the country can move forward."

… … … …

In the vivid and wonderful story of the new era, every worker is the protagonist.

There are six Yangtze finless porpoises living in Wuhan Baiji Dolphin Museum, Institute of Aquatic Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. At present, researchers mainly protect the Yangtze finless porpoise by ex situ conservation and artificial breeding. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xiao Yijiu photo

　　China Daily Online, December 26th The Yangtze finless porpoise is an ancient aquatic mammal, which has lived on the earth for 25 million years and is called the "living fossil" of the Yangtze River ecology. As the "indigenous people" of the Yangtze River, the finless porpoise is a mammal at the top of the Yangtze River food chain, and its fate directly reflects the health status of the Yangtze River. The latest research shows that thanks to the government’s remediation of water pollution and overfishing, the development of artificial breeding project of Yangtze finless porpoise and the increasing public awareness of protection, the decline trend of Yangtze finless porpoise population has been obviously curbed, and a series of protection measures of Yangtze River ecosystem have achieved good results.

　　According to the website of South China Morning Post reported on December 20th, the number of finless porpoises has been decreasing due to the increasing human activities such as environmental pollution, overfishing, hydropower station construction and shipping noise. But environmentalists say that they now see the dawn of hope to save the finless porpoise.

　　According to data released by the government last year, there are only about 1012 Yangtze finless porpoises, which is less than 60% of the giant pandas. However, the decline rate of finless porpoise population has obviously slowed down since 2012, which indicates that relevant protection measures may have achieved results.

　　Researchers say that moving the finless porpoise to an ex situ conservation area far away from busy shipping means that the number of finless porpoises will increase.

　　In the early 1990s, about 30 to 40 finless porpoises moved into Swan Island Nature Reserve on the Yangtze River in Hubei Province, which was located in an oxbow lake formed by the Yangtze River, and now there are about 80 finless porpoises there.

　　Wang Ding, 60, is an expert in Yangtze finless porpoise research in China Academy of Sciences. He said, "We found that finless porpoises can not only survive in Swan Island, but also successfully reproduce naturally, which is very exciting."

　　Researchers believe that this is due to the government’s rectification of water pollution and overfishing, the development of artificial breeding projects for Yangtze finless porpoises, and the increasing public awareness of protection.

　　Zhang Xinqiao, head of the finless porpoise project of the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), said, "Public opinion supervision has played an important role."

　　The baiji, also known as the Yangtze finless porpoise, is another aquatic mammal in the Yangtze River. In 2006, scientists announced the functional extinction of the baiji dolphin. The government does not want the finless porpoise to repeat the mistakes of the baiji.

　　Yangtze finless porpoise is one of the few freshwater subspecies of finless porpoise in the world, and it is a barometer of Yangtze River ecology.

　　The finless porpoise can also be seen in China’s ancient poems. People believe that when the finless porpoise appears on the river, it means that heavy rain is coming. The Yangtze finless porpoise has a chubby body and a round head, so some people call it "Jiang pig". Adult finless porpoises can reach 2 meters in length. Finless porpoises are often killed, and finless porpoises’ livers have also been used as medicinal materials.

Since 2012, the declining trend of the Yangtze finless porpoise population has been significantly curbed. Image source: South China Morning Post report screenshot

　　In January, 2016, the national leaders of China issued instructions to do a good job in the ecological protection of the Yangtze River. Relevant measures include promoting coordinated development, implementing stricter fishery management system and carrying out other protection projects.

　　At the end of 2016, the action plan to save the Yangtze finless porpoise was officially launched, including strengthening ex situ conservation, establishing more protected areas and promoting research on artificial breeding technology.

　　Tianezhou Nature Reserve was established in 1992, which is said to be the first and only successful case of whale ex situ conservation in the world. The finless porpoise not only survived after migration, but also bred the next generation.

　　The government encourages fishermen near ex-situ conservation areas to change careers. Wang Hesong, 46, is now a ranger in the reserve.

　　Wang Hesong said, "Look, mother finless porpoise and a baby finless porpoise." Seeing two arched backs on the water, the patrol stopped the boat. Two finless porpoises soon returned to the water. "The finless porpoise will stick its head out to breathe for a few seconds … … We come to patrol every day and see them every day. "

　　Oxbow Lake provides a shelter for finless porpoises, but finless porpoises living in this water area are also under great pressure.

　　Zhang Xinqiao said, "They have nowhere to hide here. As long as threats like the deterioration of natural habitat conditions exist, the number of finless porpoises may decrease sharply again."

　　The Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, located in Wuhan, raised six Yangtze finless porpoises for scientific research, artificial breeding and public visit.

　　Through the glass window, you can see two finless porpoises spinning gracefully in the breeding pond, reaching out of the water playfully and looking at the tourists. Liu Hanhui, a volunteer, said, "They are greeting us. I think finless porpoises are human. "

　　According to WWF, the intelligence of an adult Yangtze finless porpoise is equivalent to that of a child aged three to five. Before feeding the finless porpoises, they have to be coaxed to open their mouths. They will smile and extend their flippers to shake hands with people.

　　However, it is difficult for Yangtze finless porpoises to breed in artificial breeding environment.

　　In June this year, a small finless porpoise was successfully born in Baiji Dolphin Museum, Institute of Aquatic Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. This is only the second small finless porpoise that has lived to be 100 days since the Baiji Dolphin Museum was built in 1980. However, wild finless porpoise cubs often do not live to adulthood because of human damage to the environment.

　　Liu Hanhui is a student majoring in aquaculture in a nearby university. He and the other 40 volunteers helped the staff feed the finless porpoise on weekends and holidays, and participated in publicity activities to protect the finless porpoise.

　　In recent years, in order to raise public awareness of protection, with the support of many enterprises and non-governmental organizations, the number of projects and activities related to the protection of finless porpoises in this area has surged.

At the launching ceremony of "2023 Shanghai International Beauty Festival" held on May 11th, the report "Beautiful New Potential Energy" jointly produced by L ‘Oré al China, Shanghai Jiaotong University Industry Research Institute and national business daily-2023 China "Beautiful Consumption Trend Report: Decoding" Beautiful New Potential Energy "was officially released.

It is understood that the report expounds the great power of beauty cosmetics and social development in China from 10 changing trends in concept, industry, market and society and five developing directions in the future, hoping to provide a new perspective for the government, cosmetics enterprises/industries and partners in other industries to analyze the innovation and development of cosmetics and find and embrace new opportunities.

The report also shows that consumers in China are continuously increasing their spending on cosmetics. In 2017, the domestic per capita consumption of cosmetics was 181 yuan, and in 2022, the domestic per capita consumption of cosmetics reached about 407 yuan, an increase of about 125%. It is estimated that in 2025, the domestic per capita consumption of cosmetics will reach about 600 yuan.

The report points out the five endogenous kinetic energy of China’s beauty-more innovative, more inclusiveness, more polarization, more global localization and more sustainability, which makes beauty become a "hyperlink" of beautiful consumption, and realizes the two-way development of beauty and beautiful China.

After 26 years in China,

L ‘Oreal’s Road to Growth

It is also the beauty industry in China.

The epitome of the magnificent development road.

At the end of 2022, L ‘Oré al put forward a brand-new concept of "beautiful new potential energy" for the first time, and provided a brand-new perspective for all walks of life to embrace the development opportunities of the beauty industry through a comprehensive interpretation of the dynamic and potential energy transformation of the beauty industry and China’s economic and social development. In L ‘Oré al’s view, the definition of beauty cosmetics is no longer the same as in the past. The status and development of beauty cosmetics in China is more like a scene in which industry and socio-economic development promote each other and complement each other. The process of dynamic and potential energy conversion between beauty cosmetics industry and socio-economic development constitutes an ecological circle with constant positive circulation.

"In the past three years, everyone has changed a lot about consumption, its behavior and significance, and beauty has become a beacon industry for consumption, not only contributing to economic development against the trend, but also becoming a development accelerator, and more importantly, bringing people a beautiful yearning."

Lan Zhenzhen, Chief Corporate Affairs and Public Linkage Officer of L ‘Oré al North Asia and China, said that this research is another breadth and depth improvement of L ‘Oré al’s consumption concept and social significance to the beauty industry after it put forward the concept of "good consumption" in 2020. I look forward to working with all my beauty colleagues to contribute to L ‘Oré al’s beautiful new potential for boosting consumption, expanding domestic demand, and promoting a better life and high-quality development.

In addition to the first report, as an old friend who participated in the "Shanghai International Beauty Festival" for four consecutive years, L ‘Oreal was awarded the "Shanghai Beauty Festival Special Contribution Award". Lancome, Uemura Hideyoshi, urban decay and Paris Cashi participated in the live broadcast of the Beauty Festival, bringing multidimensional experience of online and offline linkage to consumption, and won the "x wwd Fashion Leading Award of 2023 Shanghai International Beauty Festival".

Scan the code to get the full text of the report

Reporter: Huang Xiaoqing

Photo: L ‘Oré al China

Editor: Xu Yuelin

Please indicate the official WeChat from Jing ‘an, Shanghai.

ShangguanNo. Author: Shanghai Jing ‘an

At 12: 52 on September 5th, an earthquake of magnitude 6.8 occurred in Luding County, Ganzi Prefecture, Sichuan Province (29.59 degrees north latitude and 102.08 degrees east longitude) with a focal depth of 16 kilometers. Saving lives, we will never give up. At present, the rescue is still in progress nervously. What’s the latest situation?

up-to-date information

The Luding 6.8 earthquake in Sichuan has killed 66 people.

At 16: 00 on September 6, Sichuan Provincial People’s Government, Sichuan Provincial Emergency Management Bureau and Sichuan Earthquake Administration jointly held a press conference in Moxi Town, Luding County, the epicenter. According to the press conference, 66 people were killed in the earthquake, including 38 people in Ganzi Prefecture, 28 people in Ya ‘an City, and 15 people lost contact.

Road damage:Accumulated verification of 12,031 kilometers of highways at all levels and 6,121 points such as bridges, tunnels, slopes and culverts; At present, the whole expressway is unobstructed, with many broken lanes on S217 and S434 lines, 15 rural roads blocked and 4 roads have been rushed through.

Communication damage:As of 7: 00 on September 6, the earthquake caused a total of 334 base stations to be surrendered and 77 base stations to be restored. Accumulated optical cables were damaged by 134 kilometers, and accumulated optical cables were rushed through by 29 kilometers; The number of people affected by communication interruption is 16,000.

Power damage:By 7: 00 on September 6th, two 110kV substations, two 35kV substations, one 500kV line, three 110kV lines, two 35kV lines, 27 10kV lines, 278 substations and 21,922 users have been restored.

Situation of dammed lake:The first tributary of Dadu River, Wandong River, was cut off, forming a dammed lake. At present, there have been more natural discharges, and the risks are generally controllable. The threatened people have been evacuated and transferred.

A graduate student of Chengdu Mountain Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences was killed in Luding earthquake.

After the Luding M6.8 earthquake, the Gongga Mountain Alpine Ecosystem Observation and Experimental Station in Chengdu Mountain Institute was seriously damaged, and 18 people at the station lost contact for a time.

On the morning of September 6, the reporter learned from Chengdu Mountain Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences that after preliminary verification, it was confirmed that one person was killed and three people were injured, and the remaining 14 people were safe. The victim was Liu, a 2021 graduate student of Chinese Academy of Sciences who participated in scientific research at the station.

The first "earthquake baby" was born safely after the earthquake.

At 20: 51 on September 5th, six hours after the earthquake with magnitude 6.8 in Luding County, a baby was born safely with a loud cry. He became the first earthquake baby born after the Luding earthquake, and the mother and child were safe.

Sichuan will complete the first round of full coverage investigation of potential hazards in the earthquake zone before 24: 00 on September 7.

On the evening of September 5th, the first meeting of the working group in front of the Sichuan Disaster Command was held in Luding County. The meeting demanded that efforts should be carefully organized to do a good job in emergency investigation of geological disasters after the earthquake, and the first round of full coverage investigation of hidden dangers of geological disasters in the earthquake zone should be completed before 24: 00 on September 7.

On-site direct attack

["Don’t be afraid!" The 4-year-old boy from Luding was rescued first by the zip line]

[The helicopter arrived in Gonghe Village, Luding County and transferred six seriously injured people to a safe area]

[Ganzi Forest Fire Brigade strengthens the "life passage" and transfers the wounded]

[Building a "life bridge" with trees to safely transfer 24 seriously injured people in forest fire control]

[Hit the sea snail ditch directly! It is estimated that the two-kilometer section will be rushed through in three days]

Rescue progress

All the affected people in the disaster area have been transferred and resettled.

At 16:00 on September 6th, the second press conference of the "9.5" Luding M6.8 earthquake in Sichuan was held in Moxi Town. By 8: 00 on September 6th, a total of more than 6,650 people and 9 helicopters had been dispatched from the People’s Liberation Army and Armed Police Force, fire fighting and rescue, forest fire fighting, Anneng Group, safety production, communications and electric power, medical rescue, etc. Among them, more than 3,850 people and 4 helicopters were dispatched from Luding, and more than 2,800 people and 5 helicopters were dispatched from Shimian. Four other helicopters are on standby. Up to now, all the affected people in the disaster areas have been transferred and resettled.

Emergency increase of funds and materials. On the 5 th, the provincial finance allocated 50 million yuan to Ganzi Prefecture, 50 million yuan to Ya ‘an City, 20 million yuan to Ganzi Prefecture and Ya ‘an City for emergency disposal of earthquake secondary geological disasters, and 20 million yuan for provincial geological disaster prevention and control subsidies. The Emergency Department allocated 83,580 provincial relief materials, and the Red Cross allocated 5,620 relief materials to support the rescue and resettlement work in disaster areas.

The risk of dammed lake in the tributary of Dadu River has been eliminated.

More than 400 people have moved along the river.

On September 5th, an earthquake of magnitude 6.8 in Luding County, Sichuan Province caused the mountain to collapse, and the first tributary of Dadu River, Wandong River, was blocked by rocks to form a dammed lake, which once threatened the downstream safety. On the afternoon of September 6th, China Anneng Group announced that after on-site inspection, the water inflow into the dammed lake was far less than the water outflow, and the risk of dammed lake had been eliminated.

According to the analysis of remote sensing, the dammed lake is about 4 kilometers away from the intersection of Dadu River. After the Wandong River joins the Dadu River, it directly enters the reservoir area of Dagangshan Power Station (with a total storage capacity of 777 million cubic meters). The dammed lake has little impact on the main stream and downstream of Dadu River. At present, more than 400 people threatened along the Bay East River have moved to safety.

Open the channel of life

The life passage from Luding County to Moxi Town in the epicenter has been rushed through the whole line.

At 15: 30 on September 6th, the 10-kilometer section of S434 from Jinguang to Moxi was successfully rushed through, which indicated that the life passage from Luding County to Moxi Town in the epicenter had been rushed through.

The golden section of provincial highway 217 was broken and rushed through.

At 15: 30 on September 6th, after 21 and a half hours of all-out emergency rescue, the collapsed section of provincial highway 217 Jinguang Bridge was rushed through. Combined with the village road near pier 2 of Jinguang Bridge on Lushi Expressway, the temporary road was widened, forming a dual channel for emergency rescue in and out of the disaster area, which further guaranteed the lifeline of disaster relief.

Emergency operation for 3 hours

Roads in Lan ‘an Township, Luding County, Sichuan Province have been fully restored.

It is understood that at 9 o’clock in the morning of September 6, Lan ‘an Township, located near the power station, was affected by landslides, and the only access to the township was blocked. Because there was no large equipment, the obstacles could only be cleared by hand. After learning the situation, the hydropower station acted quickly, and immediately mobilized a rescue team composed of professional construction personnel and large-scale mechanical equipment to rush to the scene to carry out road clearing work. After three hours of intense rescue work, the right half of the road was rushed through at 12 o’clock on September 6. At present, rescue workers are carrying out comprehensive risk removal on landslide slopes and other affected roads to ensure that the roads into the countryside are fully restored.

Sichuan Ganzi issued a notice on vehicle management in earthquake-stricken areas.

Social vehicles are temporarily unable to travel to Luding and Hailuogou.

On September 6th, Ganzi Prefecture Earthquake Relief Headquarters Office issued a notice on vehicle traffic management in earthquake-stricken areas.

According to the announcement, all vehicles entering the disaster areas in Luding and Hailuogou (vehicles for rescue teams, vehicles for transporting relief materials, vehicles for epidemic prevention and control, and vehicles for provincial working groups) will be uniformly issued with vehicle passes by the Ganzi Prefecture Earthquake Relief Headquarters, and the remaining vehicles will not be issued with passes. Among them, the control card points are located at Duogong Toll Station in Ya ‘an City and Yulin Traffic Checkpoint in kangding city (Ganzi Special Police Detachment), and all passes are collected at the above two card points.

The third team of Huaxi Hospital went to Ganzi.

At 10 o’clock on September 6th, following the instructions of National Health Commission and Sichuan Provincial Health and Health Commission, the National Health Emergency Mobile Medical Rescue Center (Sichuan) built by west china hospital once again sent five members of the rapid response team to Ganzi People’s Hospital to give treatment and guidance to the earthquake victims. Previously, on September 5th, west china hospital sent two groups of medical rescue team members with a total of 14 people to the Detuo Town Health Center in Luding, Ganzi and Ya ‘an People’s Hospital to carry out medical treatment guidance.

The masses and students in the town of Detuo, Luding have all been transferred.

According to the information of the Media Center in Luding County, Detuo Town in Luding County is the closest to the epicenter, and the disaster is particularly serious. As of 22: 00 on September 5, 15 people had died and 45 were injured in Detuo Town. Roads in Ziyachang Village, Wandong Village and Fawang Village were damaged and communication was interrupted. Two local teams have been organized to walk to the trapped village group to carry out disaster verification and search and rescue work. On the evening of the 5 th, all the people and students in the town had moved to safety, and the basic living materials such as disaster relief tents and food and drinking water had been guaranteed in an orderly manner. Armed police, public security, fire fighting, militia, medical and other rescue teams have successively arrived in the disaster area to carry out rescue work.

30 lost tourists in Hailuogou confirmed their safety.

Whether the glacier is damaged is still under investigation.

After the earthquake, many netizens asked for help through the cover news "Luding 6.8 Earthquake Cloud Help Platform", saying that their relatives were in Hailuogou Scenic Area and lost contact after the earthquake.

On September 6, in the front headquarters of Moxi Town, a staff member of Hailuogou Scenic Area told the cover journalist that after investigation, there were 30 tourists in the scenic area, all of whom had been contacted and properly placed. No one was injured, and the staff of the scenic area was not injured. Please rest assured.

Hailuogou Glacier and other scenic spots are world-famous. Are they affected by this earthquake? The staff member said that it is still under investigation and there is no latest exact news.

The National Space Administration urgently coordinated more than 10 satellites to help the earthquake-stricken areas in Luding, Sichuan.

At 12: 52 on September 5, 2022, an earthquake of magnitude 6.8 occurred near Luding County, Ganzi Prefecture, Sichuan Province (29.59 degrees north latitude and 102.08 degrees east longitude) with a focal depth of 16 kilometers. At 13: 02, the emergency needs of the National Disaster Reduction Center of the Emergency Management Department and the Sichuan Gaofen Center were tapped. The Earth Observation and Data Center of the National Space Administration started the civil and commercial satellite emergency response mechanism at the first time, and urgently coordinated the China Resources Satellite Application Center, Siwei Shijing, Tianyi Research Institute, 21st Century, Jilin Changguang, Obit, Guoxing Aerospace, Shandong Production Research Institute and other commercial companies, and dispatched Gaofen No.3 01/02/03, Gaofen No.1 D and Gaojing No.1.

The front command group of the western theater arrived at the epicenter.

More than 1,900 people have been dispatched to the war zone area for earthquake relief.

At 2 o’clock in the morning of September 6, the elite troops of the western theater were organized into the front command group and rushed to the earthquake-stricken area overnight to organize and command the army and armed police forces to carry out rescue.

At 8 o’clock in the morning, after nearly six hours of long-distance maneuvering at night, the front command group arrived in Moxi Town, Luding County, Ganzi Prefecture, and quickly organized the opening of the command post, actively communicated with the local government and emergency management departments, grasped the dynamic information of the earthquake and disaster situation, and implemented unified command. According to the actual disaster situation, the troops were used nearby, scientifically and quickly, and rescue operations were organized in a strong and orderly manner.

Up to now, more than 1,900 officers, soldiers, armed police and militiamen have been dispatched to participate in earthquake relief, and disaster relief tasks such as transferring people, setting up tents and carrying relief materials are being organized. Today, we will focus on the transportation of seriously injured people, road dredging, search and rescue of affected people and investigation of key dangers to prevent secondary disasters.

Power supply at centralized resettlement sites is guaranteed. 21,922 households have resumed power supply.

After emergency repair by Sichuan Electric Power of State Grid, as of 6: 00 on the 6th, two 110kV substations, two 35kV substations, one 500kV line, three 110kV lines, two 35kV lines and 27 10kV lines have been restored. 21,922 households resumed power supply.

As of 6: 00 on the 6th, Sichuan Electric Power of State Grid has invested 1,535 emergency repair personnel, 401 emergency repair vehicles, 12 emergency generator cars, 182 emergency generators, 103 emergency lighting lamps, 6 charging cabins, etc., to provide power supply guarantee for front-line headquarters and centralized resettlement sites, and fully carry out emergency repair work.

Sichuan Provincial Department of Natural Resources:

501 potential hazards in Luding earthquake-stricken areas have been investigated.

Transfer 11,252 threatened people.

Up to now, the Provincial Department of Natural Resources has dispatched the Provincial Geological Bureau, the Provincial Geological Survey Institute and the Provincial Natural Resources Investment Group to invest 448 people, 111 vehicles and 146 sets of other equipment such as drones to participate in the emergency investigation of secondary geological disasters.

There are 1,755 registered potential hazards in the earthquake zone. Up to now, 501 potential hazards have been investigated, 72 potential hazards have been rechecked, 15 new potential hazards have been added, 137 temporary resettlement sites have been set up, and 26 projects under construction and disaster prevention and control projects have been rechecked.

At present, 11,252 threatened people have been transferred, and no reports of casualties caused by secondary geological disasters in the earthquake zone and surrounding areas have been received.

Sichuan Provincial Communications Administration:

Preliminary recovery of epicenter communication in Luxi, Luding

On the morning of September 6, the cover journalist learned that the communication in Moxi, the epicenter, has been initially restored after emergency access. By 7: 00 on September 6th, Sichuan communication industry had dispatched 1,040 emergency repair personnel, 325 emergency vehicles, 536 oil generators, 102 satellite phones, 22 emergency communication vehicles and 1 large-scale high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle. A total of 77 recovery base stations and 29 kilometers of optical cables were rushed through, and large drones provided continuous communication services for 7755 users in Moxi Town and Wandong Village of Luding County.

The earthquake-stricken areas in Luding County, Sichuan Province receive disaster relief donations to the society.

On September 6, the announcement of receiving disaster relief donations for the society in the "9.5" earthquake-stricken area in Luding County, Sichuan Province was released.

At 12: 52 on September 5th, an earthquake with a magnitude of 6.8 occurred in Luding County, Ganzi Prefecture, Sichuan Province, which was deeply affected and spread widely. The state immediately organized earthquake relief work, and the disaster situation attracted the attention of all sectors of society. In order to do a good job in social relief donation, the relevant matters are hereby announced as follows:

Cover journalist Wen Kanglin finishing

The construction of an integrated community of ideological and political courses in universities, primary and secondary schools is a brand-new way to improve the effect of ideological and political education. As the leading unit in the construction of an integrated community of ideological and political courses in primary, middle and primary schools in Gansu Province, Marxist College of Northwest Normal University cooperates with 14 units in the province to strengthen the reform and innovation, teaching and research, practical education, teacher training and other measures to build an ideological and political education community and continuously promote the high-quality development of ideological and political education.

Highlight problem orientation and improve working mechanism

The construction of an integrated community of ideological and political courses in universities, primary and secondary schools involves the connection and operation of many factors. The college adheres to the problem orientation, actively builds the working mechanism of the community, and forms a "collective consensus" and "action program" for the integrated construction with 14 cooperative units. Regularly carry out academic seminars on the construction of integrated communities, focusing on the integration of training objectives, teaching materials, teaching optimization and operation, teaching and research resources, teaching staff and other elements, to break through management barriers and form a sound working mechanism. The College actively coordinates with the administrative departments, promotes the establishment of steering committees and expert steering groups for the integrated construction of ideological and political courses in universities, primary and secondary schools, studies and formulates the implementation plan for the integrated community construction, and establishes the integrated normal communication mechanism, integrated sharing and co-construction mechanism, integrated teaching and research mechanism, integrated practical education mechanism, integrated teacher training mechanism, etc., and promotes the continuous improvement of the "community" mechanism with the sense of "integration".

Establish the concept of synergy and enhance the joint force of educating people

The focus of community construction is "coordination", and the key is to unite "joint efforts" to ensure that the teaching material system of ideological and political courses in all study sections in the region is built as one, the teaching content is focused as one, and the teaching and research activities are carried out as one. Under the guidance of "the concept of collaboration", the college signed agreements with Marxist colleges of many universities in the province to help and build together, took the lead in establishing the same-domain alliance for the integration of ideological and political courses in universities, primary and secondary schools, and regularly carried out provincial-level collaborative activities such as "hand in hand" collective lesson preparation meetings and "big training" team training, so as to strengthen communication and exchanges among teachers of ideological and political courses in various academic sections. Establish a mechanism of "classmate section, adjacent section and cross-section" for cross-class, collective lesson preparation and joint research, open up the boundary of ideological and political course teachers in colleges, middle schools and primary schools, build a platform for collective research and sharing of teaching resources, and create conditions for promoting academic research of ideological and political education. Relying on the famous teacher’s studio of ideological and political course and the provincial teaching team of "Introduction to Mao Zedong Thought and Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s Theoretical System" and "Situation and Policy", the College has also selected exemplary "seed teachers", continuously built a high-quality teaching resource pool, actively expanded the diversified ways of ideological and political education personnel training and service, and continuously enhanced the educational synergy of the community through integrated teaching and scientific research.

Adhere to overall planning and improve the effectiveness of educating people

Practice teaching is not only an important part of ideological and political course teaching, but also an important starting point for ideological and political education. The college adheres to the student-centered concept of practical education, builds an integrated practical teaching community, promotes the mutual integration of practical teaching resources, and continuously improves the educational effectiveness of the community.

The college and community units make overall plans to build an integrated practical education mechanism, and rely on the practical teaching base of "Great Ideological and Political Course" to establish a cooperative system of sharing practical teaching bases; Relying on the platform of building an integrated community of ideological and political courses in universities, primary and secondary schools, we will cooperate with community members to build a practical classroom based on VR network teaching, innovate and expand the content and form of integrated practical teaching, actively build a practical education community, and empower practical teaching of ideological and political courses. The college also set up a theoretical propaganda group for college students in the new era, and went deep into universities, primary and secondary schools in the region to carry out social research. Through theoretical propaganda, pairing assistance and fixed-point teaching, it not only improved the effectiveness of practical education in each school section, but also accelerated the process of community construction.

Give full play to the advantages of disciplines and strengthen the teaching staff

Teachers are the key to running ideological and political courses well. As a key Marxist college in Gansu Province, the college has a national first-class undergraduate major in ideological and political education, a post-doctoral research station in Marxist theory, a first-class discipline authorized by a doctor’s degree in Marxist theory, and a first-class discipline authorized by a master’s degree in Marxist theory. It has formed an excellent talent training mechanism integrating undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral studies, trained a large number of outstanding ideological and political teachers for primary and secondary schools in the province, and has become a reliable guarantee for strengthening the teaching force of the community.

The College attaches great importance to the connotative construction of the teaching staff, insists on the combination of problem orientation, goal orientation and effect orientation, optimizes the secondary institutions of ideological and political course teaching and research, establishes the demonstration and research center of ideological and political course teaching, and strives to build a top-quality teaching and research team and demonstrate the "golden course" project. Organize outstanding backbone teachers to go to the practical education bases in primary and secondary schools in the province to carry out pairing assistance and exchange activities, give full play to the radiation-driven effect led by the demonstration of backbone teachers, and help young teachers in primary and secondary schools improve their professional level. The College has implemented the plan of "Master Studio" for ideological and political courses, jointly organized training and research with cooperative units, jointly conducted teaching seminars, jointly organized teaching exhibitions and jointly implemented practical research, which has hatched a number of backbone teams for the construction of an integrated community of ideological and political courses in universities, primary and secondary schools. In addition, the college also relies on institutions such as the Training and Research Center for Ideological and Political Work Team in Colleges and Universities of the Ministry of Education and the Research and Talent Training Center for Ideological and Political Education in Colleges and Universities of Gansu Province to train business backbones of ideological and political education from all over the province, which has played a positive role in strengthening the teaching staff of the community.

(Author: Niu Jianqiang)

????????????????Catalogue
????????Chapter I General Principles
　　Chapter II Conclusion of Labor Contracts
　　Chapter III Performance and Alteration of Labor Contracts
　　Chapter IV Dissolution and Termination of Labor Contracts
　　Chapter V Special Provisions
　　　　Section 1 Collective Contract
　　　　Section 2 Labor Dispatch
　　　　Section 3 Part-time Employment
　　Chapter VI Supervision and Inspection
　　Chapter VII Legal Liability
????????Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions

????????????????Chapter I General Principles
　　Article 1 This Law is formulated in order to improve the labor contract system, clarify the rights and obligations of both parties to a labor contract, protect the legitimate rights and interests of workers, and build and develop harmonious and stable labor relations.
　　Article 2 This Law is applicable to enterprises, individual economic organizations, private non-enterprise units and other organizations in People’s Republic of China (PRC) (hereinafter referred to as employing units) that establish labor relations with laborers and conclude, perform, modify, dissolve or terminate labor contracts.
　　State organs, institutions, social organizations and laborers who have established labor relations with them shall conclude, perform, change, dissolve or terminate labor contracts in accordance with this Law.
　　Article 3 The principles of legality, fairness, equality, voluntariness, consensus through consultation, honesty and credibility shall be followed in concluding a labor contract.
　　The labor contract concluded according to law is binding, and the employer and the employee shall perform the obligations stipulated in the labor contract.
　　Article 4 The employing unit shall establish and improve labor rules and regulations according to law, so as to ensure that laborers enjoy labor rights and perform labor obligations.
　　When an employer formulates, modifies or decides on rules and regulations or major issues directly related to the vital interests of workers, such as labor remuneration, working hours, rest and vacation, labor safety and hygiene, insurance and welfare, employee training, labor discipline and labor quota management, it shall discuss with the workers’ congress or all employees, put forward plans and opinions, and negotiate with the trade union or employee representatives on an equal footing.
　　In the process of implementing rules and regulations and major issues, if the trade union or employees think it inappropriate, they have the right to propose it to the employer and revise and improve it through consultation.
　　The employing unit shall publicize the rules, regulations and major issues directly related to the vital interests of workers, or inform them.
　　Article 5 The labor administrative department of the people’s government at or above the county level shall, together with representatives of trade unions and enterprises, establish and improve a tripartite mechanism for coordinating labor relations and jointly study and solve major issues related to labor relations.
　　Article 6 Trade unions shall help and guide laborers to conclude and perform labor contracts with employers according to law, and establish a collective consultation mechanism with employers to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of laborers.
????????????????Chapter II Conclusion of Labor Contracts
　　Article 7 The employing unit shall establish labor relations with laborers from the date of employment. The employing unit shall establish a roster of employees for future reference.
　　Article 8 When employing workers, the employing unit shall truthfully inform the workers of their work contents, working conditions, working place, occupational hazards, safe production conditions, labor remuneration and other information that the workers require to know; The employer has the right to know the basic information directly related to the labor contract, and the employee shall truthfully explain it.
　　Article 9 The employing unit shall not detain the employee’s resident identity card and other certificates, and shall not require the employee to provide guarantee or collect property from the employee in other names.
　　Article 10 To establish labor relations, a written labor contract shall be concluded.
　　If a labor relationship has been established and a written labor contract has not been concluded at the same time, a written labor contract shall be concluded within one month from the date of employment.
　　If the employer and the employee conclude a labor contract before employment, the labor relationship shall be established from the date of employment.
　　Article 11 If the employer fails to conclude a written labor contract at the same time of employment, and the labor remuneration agreed with the employee is not clear, the labor remuneration of the newly recruited employee shall be implemented in accordance with the standards stipulated in the collective contract; If there is no collective contract or it is not stipulated in the collective contract, equal pay for equal work shall be implemented.
　　Article 12 Labor contracts are divided into fixed-term labor contracts, non-fixed-term labor contracts and labor contracts with the completion of certain tasks as the term.
　　Article 13 A fixed-term labor contract refers to a labor contract in which the employer and the employee agree on the termination time.
　　The employer and the employee may conclude a fixed-term labor contract through consultation.
　　Article 14 An open-ended labor contract refers to a labor contract in which the employer and the employee agree on an indefinite termination time.
　　The employer and the employee may conclude an open-ended labor contract through consultation. Under any of the following circumstances, if an employee proposes or agrees to renew or conclude a labor contract, an open-ended labor contract shall be concluded in addition to the employee’s proposal to conclude a fixed-term labor contract:
　　(1) The employee has worked in the employing unit continuously for ten years;
　　(2) When the employing unit first implements the labor contract system or the state-owned enterprise is restructured and re-concludes the labor contract, the employee has worked continuously in the employing unit for ten years and is less than ten years away from the statutory retirement age;
　　(3) Having successively concluded two fixed-term labor contracts, and the employee does not have the circumstances specified in Items 1 and 2 of Article 39 and Article 40 of this Law, and the labor contract is renewed.
????????If the employer fails to conclude a written labor contract with the employee within one year from the date of employment, it shall be deemed that the employer and the employee have concluded an open-ended labor contract.
　　Article 15 A labor contract with the completion of a certain task as the term refers to a labor contract in which the employer and the employee agree that the completion of a certain job is the term of the contract.
　　The employing unit and the laborer may conclude a labor contract with the completion of certain tasks as the term.
　　Article 16 A labor contract shall come into effect after the employer and the employee reach an agreement through consultation and sign or seal the text of the labor contract.
　　The text of the labor contract shall be held by the employer and the employee respectively.
　　Article 17 A labor contract shall have the following clauses:
　　(a) the name, domicile and legal representative or principal responsible person of the employing unit;
　　(2) The name and address of the laborer and the number of the resident identity card or other valid identity documents;
　　(3) The term of the labor contract;
　　(4) Work content and work place;
　　(five) working hours and rest and vacation;
　　(6) Labor remuneration;
　　(7) Social insurance;
　　(eight) labor protection, working conditions and occupational hazard protection;
　　(nine) other matters that should be included in the labor contract as stipulated by laws and regulations.
　　In addition to the necessary clauses stipulated in the preceding paragraph, the employer and the employee may agree on probation, training, keeping secrets, supplementary insurance and welfare benefits.
　　Article 18 If the labor contract is not clear about the standard agreement on labor remuneration and working conditions, which causes disputes, the employer and the employee may negotiate again; If negotiation fails, the provisions of the collective contract shall apply; If there is no collective contract or the collective contract does not stipulate labor remuneration, equal pay for equal work shall be implemented; If there is no collective contract or the collective contract does not stipulate working conditions and other standards, the relevant provisions of the state shall apply.
　　Article 19 If the term of a labor contract is more than three months but less than one year, the probation period shall not exceed one month; If the term of the labor contract is more than one year but less than three years, the probation period shall not exceed two months; The probation period of a labor contract with a fixed term of more than three years or without a fixed term shall not exceed six months.
　　The same employer and the same employee can only agree on a probation period.
　　A probation period may not be agreed upon in a labor contract whose term is to complete certain tasks or whose term is less than three months.
　　The probation period is included in the labor contract. If the labor contract only stipulates the probation period, the probation period is not established, and this period is the term of the labor contract.
　　Article 20 The salary of a worker during the probation period shall not be lower than the lowest salary of the same position in the unit or 80% of the salary agreed in the labor contract, and shall not be lower than the minimum wage standard where the employer is located.
　　Article 21 During the probation period, the employing unit shall not terminate the labor contract, except for the circumstances stipulated in Article 39 and Item 1 and Item 2 of Article 40 of this Law. If the employer terminates the labor contract during the probation period, it shall explain the reasons to the employee.
　　Article 22 Where an employing unit provides special training fees for laborers and provides them with professional and technical training, it may conclude an agreement with the laborers to stipulate the service period.
　　If the laborer violates the service period agreement, he shall pay liquidated damages to the employer in accordance with the agreement. The amount of liquidated damages shall not exceed the training expenses provided by the employer. The liquidated damages that the employer requires the workers to pay shall not exceed the training expenses that should be shared for the unfulfilled part of the service period.
　　If the employer and the employee agree on the service period, it will not affect the improvement of the employee’s labor remuneration during the service period according to the normal wage adjustment mechanism.
　　Article 23 The employer and the employee may agree in the labor contract to keep the employer’s business secrets and confidential matters related to intellectual property rights.
　　For the workers who have the obligation of confidentiality, the employer may stipulate the non-competition clause with the workers in the labor contract or confidentiality agreement, and stipulate that after the labor contract is dissolved or terminated, the economic compensation will be paid to the workers on a monthly basis within the non-competition period. If the laborer violates the non-competition agreement, he shall pay liquidated damages to the employer in accordance with the agreement.
　　Article 24 The persons who are restricted from competition are limited to the senior managers, senior technicians and other personnel with confidentiality obligations of the employing unit. The scope, region and duration of non-competition shall be agreed by the employer and the employee, and the agreement on non-competition shall not violate the provisions of laws and regulations.
　　After the dissolution or termination of the labor contract, the non-competition period of the personnel specified in the preceding paragraph shall not exceed two years when they go to other employers that have a competitive relationship with their own units to produce or operate similar products or engage in similar businesses, or when they start their own business to produce or operate similar products or engage in similar businesses.
　　Article 25 Except under the circumstances stipulated in Articles 22 and 23 of this Law, the employing unit shall not agree with the laborer that the laborer shall bear the liquidated damages.
　　Article 26 The following labor contracts are invalid or partially invalid:
　　(1) Causing the other party to conclude or change a labor contract against its true meaning by means of fraud, coercion or taking advantage of the danger of others;
　　(2) The employer exempts itself from legal responsibilities and excludes the rights of workers;
　　(3) Violating the mandatory provisions of laws and administrative regulations.
　　If there is a dispute over the invalidity or partial invalidity of a labor contract, it shall be confirmed by the labor dispute arbitration institution or the people’s court.
　　Article 27 If part of a labor contract is invalid and does not affect the validity of other parts, the other parts are still valid.
　　Article 28 If the labor contract is confirmed to be invalid and the laborer has already paid the labor, the employing unit shall pay the laborer the labor remuneration. The amount of labor remuneration shall be determined with reference to the labor remuneration of workers in the same or similar positions in the unit.
????????????????Chapter III Performance and Alteration of Labor Contracts
　　Article 29 The employing unit and the laborer shall fully perform their respective obligations in accordance with the stipulations of the labor contract.
　　Article 30 The employing unit shall, in accordance with the stipulations of the labor contract and the provisions of the state, pay the laborers labor remuneration in full and on time.
　　If the employer is in arrears or fails to pay the labor remuneration in full, the employee may apply to the local people’s court for a payment order according to law, and the people’s court shall issue a payment order according to law.
　　Article 31 The employing unit shall strictly implement the labor quota standards, and shall not force laborers to work overtime or in disguised form. Where the employing unit arranges overtime work, it shall pay overtime pay to the workers in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state.
　　Article 32 A laborer who refuses to be commanded by the management personnel of the employing unit in violation of regulations or forces him to take risks shall not be regarded as violating the labor contract.
　　Laborers have the right to criticize, report and accuse the employer of working conditions that endanger life safety and health.
　　Article 33 The change of the employer’s name, legal representative, principal responsible person or investor shall not affect the performance of the labor contract.
　　Article 34 In case of merger or division of the employing unit, the original labor contract shall remain valid, and the employing unit that inherits its rights and obligations shall continue to perform it.
　　Article 35 The employer and the employee may change the contents agreed in the labor contract through consultation. Changes to the labor contract shall be made in written form.
　　The modified text of the labor contract shall be held by the employer and the employee respectively.
????????????????Chapter IV Dissolution and Termination of Labor Contracts
　　Article 36 The employer and the employee may terminate the labor contract through consultation.
　　Article 37 A laborer may terminate the labor contract by giving a written notice to the employing unit 30 days in advance. The employee may terminate the labor contract by notifying the employer three days in advance during the probation period.
　　Article 38 In any of the following circumstances, the employee may terminate the labor contract:
　　(1) Failing to provide labor protection or working conditions as agreed in the labor contract;
　　(2) Failing to pay labor remuneration in full and on time;
　　(3) Failing to pay social insurance premiums for laborers according to law;
　　(four) the rules and regulations of the employing unit violate the provisions of laws and regulations, and damage the rights and interests of workers;
　　(5) The labor contract is invalid due to the circumstances specified in the first paragraph of Article 26 of this Law;
　　(6) Other circumstances in which the laborer can terminate the labor contract as stipulated by laws and administrative regulations.
　　If the employer forces the laborer to work by means of violence, threat or illegal restriction of personal freedom, or if the employer illegally directs or forces the risky operation to endanger the personal safety of the laborer, the laborer may immediately terminate the labor contract without informing the employer in advance.
　　Article 39 The employing unit may terminate the labor contract under any of the following circumstances:
　　(a) during the probation period, it is proved that it does not meet the employment conditions;
　　(2) Seriously violating the rules and regulations of the employing unit;
　　(three) serious dereliction of duty, corruption, causing great damage to the employer;
　　(4) The laborer establishes labor relations with other employers at the same time, which has a serious impact on the completion of the work tasks of the unit, or refuses to make corrections after being put forward by the employer;
　　(5) The labor contract is invalid due to the circumstances specified in Item 1 of Paragraph 1 of Article 26 of this Law;
　　(6) Being investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.
　　Article 40 Under any of the following circumstances, the employer may terminate the labor contract after notifying the employee in writing 30 days in advance or paying the employee an extra month’s salary:
　　(1) The employee is sick or injured outside the work, and cannot engage in the original work or other work arranged by the employing unit after the prescribed medical treatment period expires;
　　(two) the laborer is not competent for the job, and he is still not competent for the job after training or adjusting his post;
　　(3) The objective conditions on which the labor contract was concluded have changed greatly, which makes it impossible to perform the labor contract, and the employer and the employee fail to reach an agreement on changing the contents of the labor contract after consultation.
　　Article 41 Under any of the following circumstances, if it is necessary to reduce the number of employees by more than 20 or less than 20, but accounting for more than 10% of the total number of employees in the enterprise, the employing unit may explain the situation to the trade union or all employees 30 days in advance, and after listening to the opinions of the trade union or employees, it may reduce the number of employees after reporting the reduction plan to the labor administrative department:
　　(a) in accordance with the provisions of the enterprise bankruptcy law;
　　(two) serious difficulties in production and operation;
　　(three) the enterprise changes production, major technological innovation or adjustment of business mode, and it is still necessary to reduce the number of employees after changing the labor contract;
　　(four) other major changes in the objective economic situation on which the labor contract was concluded, resulting in the inability to perform the labor contract.
　　When reducing personnel, priority should be given to retaining the following personnel:
　　(1) Concluding a long-term fixed-term labor contract with the unit;
　　(2) Concluding an open-ended labor contract with the unit;
　　(3) There are no other employees in the family, and there are elderly people or minors who need to be supported.
　　If the employing unit reduces its staff in accordance with the provisions of the first paragraph of this article and recruits staff again within six months, it shall notify the retrenched staff and give priority to recruiting the retrenched staff under the same conditions.
　　Article 42 The employing unit shall not terminate the labor contract in accordance with the provisions of Articles 40 and 41 of this Law if the laborer is under any of the following circumstances:
　　(1) The worker who is engaged in the operation exposed to occupational hazards fails to undergo occupational health examination before leaving his post, or the suspected occupational disease patient is in the period of diagnosis or medical observation;
　　(2) Suffering from occupational diseases or work-related injuries in this unit and being confirmed to have lost or partially lost the ability to work;
　　(3) Being sick or injured non-work-related, and within the prescribed medical treatment period;
　　(four) female workers during pregnancy, childbirth and lactation;
　　(5) Having worked continuously in this unit for fifteen years, and being less than five years away from the statutory retirement age;
　　(6) Other circumstances stipulated by laws and administrative regulations.
　　Article 43 When an employer unilaterally terminates a labor contract, it shall notify the trade union of the reasons in advance. If the employer violates the provisions of laws, administrative regulations or the labor contract, the trade union has the right to ask the employer to correct it. The employing unit shall study the opinions of the trade union and notify the trade union of the results in writing.
　　Article 44 A labor contract shall be terminated under any of the following circumstances:
　　(a) the expiration of the labor contract;
　　(two) workers began to enjoy the basic old-age insurance benefits according to law;
　　(3) The laborer dies, or is declared dead or missing by the people’s court;
　　(4) The employing unit is declared bankrupt according to law;
　　(5) The business license of the employing unit is revoked, it is ordered to close down or be revoked, or the employing unit decides to dissolve it in advance;
　　(6) Other circumstances stipulated by laws and administrative regulations.
　　Article 45 When a labor contract expires and one of the circumstances specified in Article 42 of this Law occurs, the labor contract shall be extended until the corresponding circumstances disappear. However, the termination of the labor contract of workers who have lost or partially lost their ability to work as stipulated in the second paragraph of Article 42 of this Law shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state on industrial injury insurance.
　　Article 46 Under any of the following circumstances, the employing unit shall pay economic compensation to the workers:
　　(1) The laborer terminates the labor contract in accordance with the provisions of Article 38 of this Law;
　　(2) The employing unit proposes to terminate the labor contract with the employee in accordance with the provisions of Article 36 of this Law and reaches a consensus with the employee to terminate the labor contract;
　　(3) The employer terminates the labor contract in accordance with the provisions of Article 40 of this Law;
　　(4) The employer terminates the labor contract in accordance with the provisions of the first paragraph of Article 41 of this Law;
　　(5) Terminating a fixed-term labor contract in accordance with the first paragraph of Article 44 of this Law, except that the employer maintains or improves the conditions stipulated in the labor contract to renew the labor contract and the employee does not agree to renew it;
　　(6) The labor contract is terminated in accordance with the provisions of Item 4 and Item 5 of Article 44 of this Law;
　　(seven) other circumstances stipulated by laws and administrative regulations.
　　Forty-seventh economic compensation shall be paid to the laborer according to the number of years he has worked in this unit and the standard of paying one month’s salary for each full year. For more than six months but less than one year, it shall be counted as one year; If it is less than six months, economic compensation of half a month’s salary shall be paid to the workers.
　　If the monthly salary of a worker is three times higher than the average monthly salary of employees in the local area published by the municipal people’s government of the municipality directly under the central government or the city divided into districts where the employer is located, the standard for paying economic compensation to the employee shall be three times the average monthly salary of the employee, and the maximum period for paying economic compensation to the employee shall not exceed 12 years.
　　The monthly salary mentioned in this article refers to the average salary of workers in the twelve months before the dissolution or termination of the labor contract.
　　Article 48 If the employer dissolves or terminates the labor contract in violation of the provisions of this Law, and the laborer requests to continue to perform the labor contract, the employer shall continue to perform it; If the laborer does not request to continue to perform the labor contract or the labor contract can no longer be performed, the employer shall pay compensation in accordance with the provisions of Article 87 of this Law.
　　Article 49 The State shall take measures to establish and improve the system of trans-regional transfer and connection of workers’ social insurance relations.
　　Article 50 The employing unit shall issue a certificate of dissolution or termination of the labor contract when it is dissolved or terminated, and go through the formalities of transferring the relationship between files and social insurance for workers within 15 days.
　　Laborers shall handle the handover of work according to the agreement of both parties. If the employing unit should pay economic compensation to the workers in accordance with the relevant provisions of this law, it shall pay it at the time of completion of the work handover.
　　The employer shall keep the text of the labor contract that has been dissolved or terminated for at least two years for future reference.
????????????????Chapter V Special Provisions
????????????????Section 1 Collective Contract
　　Article 51 On the one hand, the employees of an enterprise and the employing unit can conclude a collective contract on matters such as labor remuneration, working hours, rest and vacation, labor safety and health, insurance and welfare through equal consultation. The draft collective contract shall be submitted to the workers’ congress or all the workers for discussion and adoption.
　　The collective contract shall be concluded by the trade union on behalf of the employees of the enterprise and the employer; For an employer that has not established a trade union, the superior trade union shall guide the representatives elected by the workers to conclude with the employer.
　　Article 52 An enterprise employee and the employing unit may conclude special collective contracts such as labor safety and health, protection of rights and interests of female employees, and wage adjustment mechanism.
　　Article 53 In areas below the county level, industrial collective contracts or regional collective contracts may be concluded between trade unions and representatives of enterprises in industries such as construction, mining and catering services.
　　Article 54 After a collective contract is concluded, it shall be submitted to the labor administrative department; If the labor administrative department does not raise any objection within fifteen days from the date of receiving the text of the collective contract, the collective contract shall take effect.
　　Collective contracts concluded according to law are binding on employers and workers. Industrial and regional collective contracts are binding on local employers and workers in this industry and region.
　　Article 55 The standards of labor remuneration and working conditions in a collective contract shall not be lower than the minimum standards stipulated by the local people’s government; The standards of labor remuneration and working conditions in the labor contract concluded between the employer and the employee shall not be lower than those stipulated in the collective contract.
　　Article 56 If an employer violates the collective contract and infringes upon the labor rights and interests of employees, the trade union may require the employer to bear the responsibility according to law; Disputes arising from the performance of the collective contract cannot be resolved through consultation, and the trade union may apply for arbitration or bring a lawsuit according to law.
????????????????Section 2 Labor Dispatch
　　Article 57 A labor dispatch unit shall be established in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Company Law, with a registered capital of not less than 500,000 yuan.
　　Article 58 A labor dispatch unit is an employing unit as mentioned in this Law and shall fulfill the obligations of the employing unit to the laborers. The labor contract concluded between the labor dispatch unit and the dispatched worker shall not only specify the matters specified in Article 17 of this Law, but also specify the employing unit of the dispatched worker, the dispatch period, the post, etc.
　　The labor dispatch unit shall conclude a fixed-term labor contract with the dispatched workers for more than two years and pay the labor remuneration on a monthly basis; During the period when the dispatched workers are not working, the labor dispatch unit shall pay them monthly remuneration according to the minimum wage standard stipulated by the local people’s government.
　　Article 59 A labor dispatch unit shall conclude a labor dispatch agreement with the unit that accepts employment by labor dispatch (hereinafter referred to as the employing unit). The labor dispatch agreement shall stipulate the number of dispatched posts and personnel, the dispatch period, the amount and payment method of labor remuneration and social insurance premiums, and the responsibility for violating the agreement.
　　The employing unit shall determine the dispatch period with the labor dispatch unit according to the actual needs of the job, and shall not divide the continuous employment period into several short-term labor dispatch agreements.
　　Article 60 A labor dispatch unit shall inform the dispatched workers of the contents of the labor dispatch agreement.
　　The labor dispatch unit shall not deduct the labor remuneration paid by the employing unit to the dispatched workers according to the labor dispatch agreement.
　　Labor dispatch units and employing units shall not charge the dispatched workers.
　　Article 61 Where a labor dispatch unit dispatches laborers across regions, the labor remuneration and working conditions enjoyed by the dispatched laborers shall be implemented according to the standards of the place where the employing unit is located.
　　Article 62 An employing unit shall perform the following obligations:
　　(a) the implementation of national labor standards, provide corresponding working conditions and labor protection;
　　(2) Informing the dispatched workers of their job requirements and remuneration;
　　(3) Pay overtime pay and performance bonus, and provide post-related benefits;
　　(four) to provide the necessary training for the dispatched workers on the job;
　　(five) continuous employment, the implementation of the normal wage adjustment mechanism.
　　The employing unit shall not dispatch the dispatched workers to other employing units.
　　Article 63 The dispatched workers have the right to receive equal pay for equal work with the workers of the employing unit. If the employing unit has no workers in the same position, it shall be determined with reference to the labor remuneration of workers in the same or similar positions where the employing unit is located.
　　Article 64 The dispatched workers have the right to join or organize trade unions in the labor dispatch unit or the employing unit according to law to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests.
　　Article 65 A dispatched worker may terminate the labor contract with the labor dispatch unit in accordance with the provisions of Articles 36 and 38 of this Law.
　　If the dispatched workers are in any of the circumstances specified in Items 1 and 2 of Article 39 and Article 40 of this Law, the employing unit may return the workers to the labor dispatch unit, and the labor dispatch unit may terminate the labor contract with the workers in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law.
　　Article 66 Labor dispatch is generally carried out in temporary, auxiliary or alternative jobs.
　　Article 67 An employing unit may not set up a labor dispatch unit to dispatch laborers to its own unit or subordinate unit.
????????????????Section 3 Part-time Employment
　　Article 68 Part-time employment refers to a form of employment in which workers are paid by the hour, and the average daily working hours in the same employer generally do not exceed four hours, and the cumulative working hours per week do not exceed twenty-four hours.
　　Article 69 Both parties to a part-time employment may conclude an oral agreement.
　　Laborers engaged in part-time employment may conclude labor contracts with one or more employers; However, the labor contract concluded later shall not affect the performance of the labor contract concluded earlier.
　　Article 70 The parties to a part-time employment shall not agree on a probation period.
　　Article 71 Either party to a part-time employment may notify the other party to terminate the employment at any time. When the employment is terminated, the employer does not pay economic compensation to the employee.
　　Article 72 The hourly remuneration standard for part-time workers shall not be lower than the minimum hourly wage standard stipulated by the people’s government where the employer is located.
　　The settlement and payment period of labor remuneration for part-time employees shall not exceed fifteen days at the longest.
????????????????Chapter VI Supervision and Inspection
　　Article 73 The labor administrative department of the State Council is responsible for the supervision and management of the implementation of the national labor contract system.
　　The labor administrative departments of local people’s governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for the supervision and management of the implementation of the labor contract system within their respective administrative areas.
　　The labor administrative departments of the people’s governments at or above the county level shall, in the supervision and management of the implementation of the labor contract system, listen to the opinions of trade unions, representatives of enterprises and relevant industry departments.
　　Article 74 The labor administrative department of the local people’s government at or above the county level shall supervise and inspect the following implementation of the labor contract system according to law:
　　(a) the rules and regulations formulated by the employer directly related to the vital interests of workers and their implementation;
　　(2) The conclusion and dissolution of the labor contract between the employer and the employee;
　　(three) the labor dispatch units and employers to comply with the relevant provisions of labor dispatch;
　　(four) the employer’s compliance with the provisions of the state on the working hours and rest and vacation of workers;
　　(five) the employer’s payment of labor remuneration agreed in the labor contract and the implementation of the minimum wage standard;
　　(six) the employer’s participation in various social insurances and payment of social insurance premiums;
　　(seven) other labor supervision matters stipulated by laws and regulations.
　　Article 75 When carrying out supervision and inspection, the labor administrative department of the local people’s government at or above the county level has the right to consult materials related to labor contracts and collective contracts, and has the right to conduct on-the-spot inspection of the workplace. Both the employer and the laborer shall truthfully provide relevant information and materials.
　　When conducting supervision and inspection, the staff of the labor administrative department shall show their certificates, exercise their functions and powers according to law, and enforce the law in a civilized manner.
　　Article 76 The relevant competent departments of the people’s governments at or above the county level, such as construction, health and production safety supervision and management, shall, within the scope of their respective duties, supervise and manage the implementation of the labor contract system by the employing units.
　　Article 77 If the legitimate rights and interests of laborers are infringed, they have the right to ask the relevant departments to handle it according to law, or apply for arbitration or bring a lawsuit according to law.
　　Article 78 Trade unions shall safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of workers according to law and supervise the performance of labor contracts and collective contracts by employers. If the employer violates labor laws and regulations, labor contracts and collective contracts, the trade union has the right to put forward opinions or ask for correction; If the laborer applies for arbitration or brings a lawsuit, the trade union shall give support and help according to law.
　　Article 79 Any organization or individual has the right to report violations of this Law, and the labor administrative department of the people’s government at or above the county level shall promptly verify and deal with them, and reward those who report meritorious deeds.
????????????????Chapter VII Legal Liability
　　Article 80 If the rules and regulations of the employing unit directly related to the vital interests of workers violate the provisions of laws and regulations, the labor administrative department shall order it to make corrections and give a warning; If it causes damage to workers, it shall be liable for compensation.
　　Article 81 If the text of the labor contract provided by the employer fails to specify the necessary clauses of the labor contract as stipulated in this Law or the employer fails to deliver the text of the labor contract to the laborer, the labor administrative department shall order it to make corrections; If it causes damage to workers, it shall be liable for compensation.
　　Article 82 If an employer fails to conclude a written labor contract with the employee for more than one month but less than one year from the date of employment, it shall pay the employee twice the monthly salary.
　　If the employing unit fails to conclude an open-ended labor contract with the employee in violation of the provisions of this Law, it shall pay the employee twice the monthly salary from the date when the open-ended labor contract should be concluded.
　　Article 83 If an employing unit violates the provisions of this Law by agreeing a probation period with an employee, the labor administrative department shall order it to make corrections; If the probation period agreed in violation of the law has been fulfilled, the employer shall pay compensation to the employee based on the monthly salary of the employee after the probation period, and according to the period that has been fulfilled beyond the statutory probation period.
　　Article 84 If an employing unit violates the provisions of this Law and distrains the employee’s resident identity card and other documents, the labor administrative department shall order it to be returned to the employee himself within a time limit and impose penalties in accordance with relevant laws and regulations.
　　If an employing unit, in violation of the provisions of this Law, collects property from laborers by way of guarantee or other names, the labor administrative department shall order it to be returned to the laborers within a time limit, and impose a fine at a rate of more than 500 yuan but less than 2,000 yuan per person; If it causes damage to workers, it shall be liable for compensation.
　　If the employee dissolves or terminates the labor contract according to law, and the employer detains the employee’s files or other articles, it shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
　　Article 85 In any of the following circumstances, the employer shall be ordered by the labor administrative department to pay labor remuneration, overtime pay or economic compensation within a time limit; If the labor remuneration is lower than the local minimum wage, the difference shall be paid; If it fails to pay within the time limit, the employer shall be ordered to pay compensation to the laborer according to the standard of more than 50% and less than 100% of the payable amount:
　　(1) Failing to pay laborers’ labor remuneration in full and on time in accordance with the stipulations of the labor contract or the provisions of the state;
　　(2) Paying workers’ wages below the local minimum wage standard;
　　(three) arrange overtime without paying overtime;
　　(four) the dissolution or termination of the labor contract, not in accordance with the provisions of this law to pay economic compensation to the workers.
　　Article 86 If a labor contract is confirmed invalid in accordance with the provisions of Article 26 of this Law, thus causing damage to the other party, the party at fault shall be liable for compensation.
　　Article 87 Where an employing unit dissolves or terminates a labor contract in violation of the provisions of this Law, it shall pay compensation to the laborer at twice the economic compensation standard stipulated in Article 47 of this Law.
　　Article 88 An employing unit shall be given administrative punishment according to law in any of the following circumstances; If the case constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law; Those who cause damage to laborers shall be liable for compensation:
　　(a) forced labor by means of violence, threat or illegal restriction of personal freedom;
　　(two) illegal command or forced to take risks to endanger the personal safety of workers;
　　(3) Insulting, physically punishing, beating, illegally searching or detaining laborers;
　　(4) Poor working conditions and serious environmental pollution have caused serious damage to the physical and mental health of workers.
　　Article 89 If an employing unit fails to issue a written certificate of dissolution or termination of a labor contract to a laborer in violation of the provisions of this Law, the labor administrative department shall order it to make corrections; If it causes damage to workers, it shall be liable for compensation.
　　Article 90 If a laborer terminates a labor contract in violation of the provisions of this Law, or violates the confidentiality obligations or non-competition restrictions agreed in the labor contract, thus causing losses to the employing unit, he shall be liable for compensation.
　　Article 91 If an employing unit recruits laborers whose labor contracts with other employing units have not been dissolved or terminated, thus causing losses to other employing units, it shall be jointly and severally liable for compensation.
　　Article 92 Where a labor dispatch unit violates the provisions of this Law, the labor administrative department and other relevant competent departments shall order it to make corrections. If the circumstances are serious, a fine of not less than 1,000 yuan but not more than 5,000 yuan per person shall be imposed, and the business license shall be revoked by the administrative department for industry and commerce; If damage is caused to the dispatched workers, the labor dispatching unit and the employing unit shall bear joint and several liability for compensation.
　　Ninety-third illegal and criminal acts of an employing unit that does not have the legal business qualification shall be investigated for legal responsibility according to law; If the laborer has already paid labor, the unit or its investor shall pay labor remuneration, economic compensation and compensation to the laborer in accordance with the relevant provisions of this law; If it causes damage to workers, it shall be liable for compensation.
　　Article 94 If individual contractors recruit laborers in violation of the provisions of this Law, thus causing damages to laborers, the contracting organization and individual contractors shall be jointly and severally liable for compensation.
　　Article 95 If the labor administrative department and other relevant competent departments and their staff neglect their duties, fail to perform their statutory duties, or illegally exercise their functions and powers, thus causing damage to the workers or the employing units, they shall be liable for compensation; The directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be given administrative sanctions according to law; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.
????????????????Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions
　　Article 96 Where there are other provisions in laws, administrative regulations or the State Council on the conclusion, performance, alteration, dissolution or termination of a labor contract between a public institution and a staff member who implements the employment system, such provisions shall prevail; If there is no provision, it shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of this law.
　　Article 97 Labor contracts concluded in accordance with the law before the implementation of this Law and existing on the date of implementation of this Law shall continue to be performed; The number of consecutive fixed-term labor contracts stipulated in Item 3 of Paragraph 2 of Article 14 of this Law shall be counted from the time when the fixed-term labor contract is renewed after the implementation of this Law.
　　If a labor relationship has been established before the implementation of this Law, but a written labor contract has not been concluded, it shall be concluded within one month from the date of implementation of this Law.
　　If the labor contract existing on the date of implementation of this Law is dissolved or terminated after the implementation of this Law, and economic compensation should be paid according to the provisions of Article 46 of this Law, the period of economic compensation shall be counted from the date of implementation of this Law; Before the implementation of this law, according to the relevant regulations at that time, if the employer should pay economic compensation to the workers, it shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant regulations at that time.
　　Article 98 This Law shall come into force as of January 1, 2008.

　　BEIJING, Aug. 27 (Xinhua)-At the regular press conference held by the Ministry of Transport on the 27th, Sun Wenjian, a spokesman, said that since the resumption of toll collection on May 6, the national expressway network has been running smoothly, the congestion situation has been obviously alleviated, and the traffic efficiency has been significantly improved.

　　At the meeting, a reporter was concerned about the operation of the national road network since the national highway toll was resumed on May 6. Sun Wenjian made a related introduction to this:

　　First, the traffic volume has basically recovered. With the further recovery of China’s economic and social order, the data of June and July show that the total traffic volume of expressways in China has reached 1.7 billion, which has recovered to 97.4% of the same period last year, and the recovery speed is still relatively fast.

　　Second, the traffic efficiency has been significantly improved. In June and July, the traffic data of expressway networks in 26 provinces across the country showed that the average speed of vehicles increased from 61 kilometers per hour in the same period last year to 71 kilometers per hour now, of which trucks increased from 51 kilometers per hour to 55 kilometers per hour, and buses increased from 67 kilometers per hour to 84 kilometers per hour now.

　　For the improvement of highway traffic efficiency, Sun Wenjian believes that there are several main reasons:

　　First, the provincial toll station has been abolished, and the provincial toll station is no longer congested, and vehicles can pass through the provincial toll station unimpeded.

　　The second is the application of ETC card in trucks and buses. The utilization rate of ETC card in buses has exceeded 70%, and the utilization rate of ETC card in trucks is close to 50%. These two factors have obviously improved the traffic efficiency of the whole expressway network. There is a typical case, that is, on the Beijing-Guangzhou line, the long-distance truck from Beijing to Guangzhou saves a day’s travel time before and after the stop, which is very strong for truck drivers.

　　Third, the congested road sections have been greatly reduced. In June and July, the average daily number of congested and slow-moving sections of expressways in China was 2,453, a decrease of 379 compared with the same period of last year, with a decrease of 13.38%. There are 271 expressway toll stations with daily congestion in China, a decrease of 431 compared with the same period of last year, which is even more obvious, reaching 61.43%. These two indicators can show that the highway traffic has become more and more smooth.

　　Fourth, the traffic volume of trucks increased and the no-load rate decreased. In June and July, the number of expressway trucks in China was 506 million, up 13.05% year-on-year. Among them, the average no-load rate is 24%, which is 4.1% lower than the same period of last year. As the main force of expressway transportation, the average heavy-load rate of large trucks with five axles or above is 61.6%, which is 4.3% higher than the same period of last year. The actual load rate of trucks has obviously increased, one of which has decreased by 4.1% and the other has increased by 4.3%, which well illustrates the impact on trucks after changing from weighing to axle charging.

　　Sun Wenjian pointed out that at present, the Ministry of Transport is paying close attention to the operation of the road network after the withdrawal of the station, scientifically evaluating relevant policies, and making timely amendments to ensure that the broad masses of people can travel with satisfaction.

　 　 　 　Looking back at the development history of social security in New China, the Labor Insurance Regulations of People’s Republic of China (PRC) promulgated in 1951 is undoubtedly the starting point of China’s social security system, and the employment groups of public-owned units have become the first people covered by the social security system under the planned economy system. After many years, China’s social security system has been continuously improved, and the coverage of the population has gradually expanded from the initial "regular employees" to various employment groups, and the coverage has expanded from a single state-owned enterprise to the rural grassroots.

　 　 　 　Jiangmen is no exception. With the establishment of the old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents, workers, rural residents, urban residents and flexible employees have been included in the scope of system protection, and social insurance has moved from full coverage of the system to full coverage of the population. According to statistics, by the end of 2020, the number of retirees from the basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees in our city has increased to 359,800, the number of urban and rural residents receiving pension insurance has increased to 575,900, the number of employees participating in industrial injury insurance has increased to 1,031,200, and the number of employees participating in basic medical insurance has increased to 3,956,100. In 2020, the total expenditure of pension insurance for enterprise employees and pension insurance for urban and rural residents exceeded 11 billion yuan, and the service volume of social insurance business in the city reached 10.76 million person-times. The scope of insurance coverage has been continuously expanded, social security benefits have been steadily improved, and public service capacity has been continuously enhanced. A strong social security system has painted a "background color" for Jiangmen people’s happy life.

　 　 　 　Social security benefits are fully implemented.

　 　 　 　Everyone shares the fruits of social development.

　 　 　 　Lao Jia, an online car driver from Hunan, just participated in work-related injury insurance as a specific person this month. What helped him to join the insurance smoothly was the "Measures on Employees Over the Statutory Retirement Age and Other Specific Personnel Participating in Work-related Injury Insurance (Trial)" which was implemented in April this year. The implementation of the "Measures" has enabled Lao Jia to engage in express delivery, online car rental and other industries, as well as eight categories of people over the statutory retirement age to enjoy various treatment rights of work-related injury insurance.

　 　 　 In recent years, the city has continued to implement the national insurance plan. On the one hand, we will comprehensively carry out the payment of work-related injury insurance in the construction industry, do a good job in the issuance of work-related injury insurance benefits in the construction industry, and standardize the issuance process of work-related injury insurance benefits in the construction industry. We will make every effort to promote the payment of insurance for all land-expropriated farmers and accelerate the allocation of social security funds for land acquisition in our city. Fully implement flexible employees to participate in the basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees. Actively cooperate with human society, local tax and other departments to promote the full participation of all employees and expand the coverage of insurance payment. On the other hand, based on the city’s social security card holders’ basic information database, the data of labor, employment, public security and local taxes are integrated, and the data of all insured persons are verified and compared, and a basic database covering all insured persons is established. At present, the city’s household registration personnel have been included in the national insurance registration database, and 100% of the national insurance registration and verification work has been completed.

　 　 　 　From individuals to enterprises, the city’s efforts to help enterprises stabilize their posts are also gradually increasing. Since 2017, the city has fully implemented a series of policies of "stabilizing growth, promoting reform, adjusting structure and benefiting people’s livelihood", and timely implemented measures such as unemployment, work-related injuries and adjustment of maternity payment rates. Including the implementation of the unemployment insurance rate reduction, the unemployment insurance rate will be reduced from the original 2% to 1%; The employer’s medical insurance payment ratio is lowered to 5.5%; The proportion of maternity insurance contributions is lowered to 0.5%; The current payment rate of work-related injury insurance for each insured unit will be reduced by 50% in a unified stage. In 2020, we will implement the policy of reducing and exempting enterprise social insurance premiums by stages, effectively complete the refund of social insurance premiums paid by more than 30,000 employers in the city by 150 million yuan, reduce and exempt the social insurance premiums of 82,400 employers by 4.449 billion yuan, and distribute unemployment insurance to 7,480 enterprises by 280 million yuan.

　 　 　 　Deepen the reform of "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services"

　 　 　 　Improve the efficiency of social security services

　 　 　 　Since the establishment of the old-age insurance system for employees in China in 1992, the process of social security reform has not stopped. After more than 20 years of efforts, China’s social insurance system has gradually improved and developed, and finally the largest social insurance system in the world has been established, and it has been continuously improved and enriched.

　 　 　 　In recent years, Jiangmen is also deepening the reform of pension, medical care and industrial injury insurance in an all-round way, realizing the provincial-level co-ordination of enterprise employees’ pension insurance and industrial injury insurance, and the municipal-level management of urban and rural residents’ pension insurance, continuously improving the level of social security co-ordination and improving the efficiency of fund use and the ability of system to resist risks. Deepen the reform of endowment insurance in government agencies and institutions, and realize the normalization of insurance registration and payment. Deepen the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform and improve the service efficiency of social security agencies.

　 　 　 　Among them, especially in the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform of social security management, the city issued and implemented the "Work Plan for Jiangmen Social Security Bureau to Further Promote the Reform of" Simplifying Administration and Decentralization, Combining Release with Management, and Optimizing Services "in the field of social security management. Guided by the" blocking points "of enterprises, all kinds of non-critical certification items were cancelled, the business process was simplified, the time limit was compressed, and the certification item notification commitment system was implemented on a pilot basis.

　 　 　 During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, 48 certification materials were cancelled, the working time was reduced by 30%, and the commitment system was implemented for 28 items. In accordance with the principle of unified standards and simplified procedures, 92 business processes in urban areas were checked and standardized, and 8 unnecessary audit requirements were deleted. The list management of 102 social insurance government services in the city has been implemented to standardize public services. 100% of the 78 government affairs services in our bureau are done at once, 72% online and 87% nearby.

　 　 　 　From "Doing on Paper" to "Doing at Fingertips"

　 　 　 　Handling services continue to heat up.

　 　 　 　Liu Guohua, 66, is an ordinary retired employee of state-owned enterprises in Jiangmen. In the early years, he and his wife would bring their relevant vouchers to the counter of the social security hall every April to June to apply for the payment of pension benefits for the next year. "At this time of year, the social security hall is packed, which is very inconvenient." Liu Guohua said.

　 　 　 　 Nowadays, the qualification certification of retired elderly people for pension benefits has been opened from centralized certification to full-time certification throughout the year. Moreover, the insured only needs a mobile phone, and the authentication procedures can be completed anytime and anywhere, which brings great convenience to the insured. Liu Guohua said with emotion: "Now the social security business is more and more considerate and humanized, and the government’s purpose of serving the people is indeed reflected in action."

　 　 　 　In recent years, the city has continuously improved the level of social insurance benefits and improved the social security service system. Various social security benefits have been steadily improved, and real-time settlement of medical expenses for medical treatment, maternity and work-related injury insurance in Jiangmen and online settlement of medical expenses for hospitalization in different places have been realized. The self-service carrier of social security management has developed to the mobile terminal, and 28 high-frequency services have realized the whole process network. At the same time, a "dual-track" grass-roots handling service system has been established, in which town-level public service centers mainly handle social security business, and bank outlets and towns (streets) handle it in parallel.

　 　 　 　For example, in terms of online settlement of hospitalization expenses for medical treatment in different places, the city further expanded the scope of medical institutions for direct settlement of medical treatment in different places within the province and across provinces, streamlined the filing process for medical treatment in different places, enriched the filing channels for medical treatment in different places, and realized online processing for medical treatment in different places. At present, the city has included 63 designated medical institutions for direct settlement of medical treatment in different places in the province, and 58 designated medical institutions for direct settlement of medical treatment in different provinces, covering all secondary and above designated medical institutions in the city and the first-level designated medical institutions with large demand for medical treatment in different places. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the insured in our city settled the medical expenses of 100,000 person-times in different places in real time, and the total payment of the fund exceeded 1.5 billion yuan.

　 　 　 　The city also actively promotes the "no meeting" of social security agency services. Create "TV social security", develop cable TV to handle social security business platform, and enrich social security self-service carrier. Online social security online business bid for the convenience service system, realize online query of 48 social security information data, realize online printing of conventional vouchers such as social security participation payment list vouchers and social insurance relationship transfer vouchers, and realize online processing of five businesses such as medical treatment filing in different places and pension treatment qualification certification. Actively promote the mobile application of high-frequency services for the convenience and benefit of enterprises in our city, and integrate 28 high-frequency government services into the "Guangdong Province" applet.

　 　 　 　In addition, the city also actively cooperates with the promotion of social security business in town-level public service centers through the decentralization of some handling rights to the town level and the construction of "one-stop" service windows. At present, "town-level public service centers can handle 128 social security business items, and 9 businesses have been fully handled in the city. We will integrate foreign handling services such as work-related injuries, social security relations, pension and unemployment, set up a comprehensive business service window, and promote the construction of a new service pattern of "one guide, one window for acceptance, one station for service and one-time settlement". The city’s insured can handle the endowment insurance business for urban and rural residents in 189 town (street) service outlets.

[Related links]

Let’s watch it togetherThe development and changes of social security system in our city for 40 years

　 　 　 　China’s social security system was founded in the early 1950s, and entered a period of comprehensive and profound system reform with the economic system reform in the mid-1980s. The development of social insurance is a microcosm of the history of reform and opening up at all levels from the state to the province to the city. On the occasion of celebrating the centenary of the founding of the Party, let us follow the footsteps of history to understand the development and changes of the social security system in our city from scratch, from existence to perfection and from perfection to Excellence.

　 　 　Exploration on the Establishment of Social Insurance from scratch (1980-1999)

　 　 　 　China’s current social insurance system evolved from the labor insurance system. Under the planned economy system, the state implements a unified distribution policy for employees’ wages and welfare insurance. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, China gradually transformed from a planned economy system to a socialist market economy system, and began to reform the social insurance system in the 1980s.

　 　 　 　In 1983, Jiangmen City began to try out the social endowment insurance for workers under the labor contract system. Jiangmen City began to try out the social insurance system among newly recruited contract workers, which included unemployment insurance. On May 1, 1984, Jiangmen City began to try out social pooling of retirement funds.

　 　 　 　In 1992, Jiangmen City began to implement industrial injury insurance. On August 1 of the same year, Jiangmen City began to implement the overall planning of maternity fund for female employees. After giving birth, female employees who meet the family planning policy will pay maternity insurance benefits in one lump sum according to the standard of 1,500 yuan for natural delivery and 1,800 yuan for dystocia or multiple births.

　 　 　 　In September 1994, the city fully implemented the social endowment insurance for employees.

　 　 　 　In 1995, Jiangmen City raised maternity insurance benefits for female employees, from 1,500 yuan to 1,800 yuan for natural delivery and from 1,800 yuan to 2,300 yuan for dystocia.

　 　 　 　On July 1, 1996, the Interim Provisions on Unemployment Insurance for Employees in Guangdong Province was formally implemented. In 1998, the provincial people’s government promulgated the Provisions on Unemployment Insurance in Guangdong Province, and in 1999, the State Council promulgated the Regulations on Unemployment Insurance, which extended the coverage of unemployment insurance to all urban enterprises and institutions. Following the footsteps of Guangdong Province, our city gradually began to establish a sound social security system.

　 　 　Exploration on the Social Insurance Reform from "Everything" (2000-2012)

　 　 　 　On July 1, 2000, Jiangmen City began to implement the basic medical insurance for urban workers. In 2002, the Standing Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress deliberated and passed the Regulations on Unemployment Insurance in Guangdong Province, which brought more people into the unemployment insurance system and the unemployed during the period of receiving unemployment insurance benefits into the scope of basic medical insurance.

　 　 　 　In January, 2006, our city began to implement the municipal co-ordination of endowment insurance. In 2008, Jiangmen City began to implement the basic medical insurance system for urban residents. In the same year, in order to alleviate the pressure of employers to participate in social insurance payment and further expand the coverage of work-related injury insurance, Jiangmen City lowered the contribution rate of work-related injury insurance.

　 　 　 　In 2010, Jiangmen City implemented municipal co-ordination of unemployment insurance, industrial injury insurance and maternity insurance.

　 　 　 　On October 1st, 2010, Kaiping, as a national pilot county of new rural social endowment insurance, officially started the pilot work.

　 　 　 　In 2011, Kaiping City was rated as the first batch of pilot counties in the province for new rural insurance coverage, and Xinhui District, Taishan City, Heshan City and enping city were the third batch of pilot counties to start the new rural insurance and simultaneously start the pilot work of urban and rural residents’ old-age insurance. In the same year, Pengjiang District and Jianghai District carried out the pilot work of new rural insurance and urban residents’ old-age insurance on their own.

　 　 　 　In 2011, the basic medical insurance for urban workers and the basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents in Jiangmen City were co-ordinated at the municipal level. From July 1, 2011, according to the provisions of the Social Insurance Law, unemployed people directly participate in the basic medical insurance for employees during the period of receiving unemployment insurance benefits, and all medical insurance premiums for unemployed people are paid by the unemployment insurance fund, and individuals do not pay.

　 　 　 　In January, 2012, our city combined the new rural insurance and the urban residents’ old-age insurance system, established a unified social old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents, and achieved full coverage of urban and rural residents’ old-age insurance.

　 　 　 　High-quality transformation of social insurance from all to excellent (2013-present)

　 　 　 　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, our city has made great efforts to deepen the reform of social insurance, improve the urban and rural social security service system, optimize the social security management mode, realize the intelligentization of handling services, and promote the high-quality transformation of social insurance from all to the best.

　 　 　 　In 2012, the social security business system and financial system in our city were seamlessly connected, and the social security benefits payment business and financial accounting were integrated, thus improving the management level of social security funds in our city.

　 　 　 　In 2013, the image management of social security business archives was realized, and the social security business archives information management system was established to realize the seamless connection between archives management and business information system.

　 　 　 　In 2014, the city began to promote the application of social security cards in the old-age insurance for urban and rural residents, and took the lead in realizing the use of social security cards to distribute the old-age insurance benefits for urban and rural residents in the province.

　 　 　 　In 2016, the city comprehensively carried out the town-level handling of urban and rural residents’ endowment insurance business, established a town-village linkage service model for urban and rural residents’ endowment insurance, and took the lead in realizing the "dual-track" grassroots handling service of bank outlets and towns (streets) in the province.

　 　 　 　In 2017, Tangxia Town and Hengjiang Village in Pengjiang District were designated as the first batch of demonstration sites for grassroots service of centralized urban and rural residential insurance information system in the province.

　 　 　 　Since 2018, especially in terms of intelligent handling services, the city has fully realized the real-time settlement of medical insurance, maternity insurance medical expenses and industrial injury insurance medical expenses in Jiangmen. Fully realize the online settlement of medical expenses for hospitalization in different places. At present, the city has included 63 designated medical institutions for direct settlement of medical treatment in different places in the province, and 58 designated medical institutions for direct settlement of medical treatment in different provinces, covering all secondary and above designated medical institutions in the city and the first-level designated medical institutions with large demand for medical treatment in different places.

　 　 　 　During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the insured in our city settled the medical expenses of 100,000 person-times in different places in real time, and the total payment of the fund exceeded 1.5 billion yuan. Guided by the "blocking point" of the masses of enterprises, we will cancel all kinds of non-critical certification matters, simplify the business process, compress the time limit for handling affairs, and pilot the implementation of the notification commitment system for certification matters.

　 　 　During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, 48 items of certification materials were cancelled, the working time was reduced by 30%, and 17 items of commitment system were implemented. At the same time, the city also actively promoted the mobile application of high-frequency services for the convenience and benefit of enterprises in our city, and 28 high-frequency government services were integrated into the "Guangdong Province" applet.